Resultant of Force System:: 3D

• Three dimensional space

Equivalent Resultant
force-couple equivalent
systems for force-couple
each force system
Resultant of Force System:: 3D
Wrench Action
When the resultant couple vector M is parallel to the resultant force R, as
shown in Fig, the resultant is called a wrench.

By definition a wrench is positive if the couple and force vectors point in

the same direction and negative if they point in opposite directions.

Positive Wrench Negative Wrench

Wrench Action
• A common example of a positive
• Wrench action or Screw Driver action

Positive Wrench
Replacement of force system by wrench

Resolve M into components

Resolve M2 into a couple Resultant Wrench

Example on resultant of a force system
Example on resultant of a force system
• Determine the resultant of the system of parallel forces
acting on the plate. Solve with a vector approach.
Example on resultant of a force system
Example on Wrench
• Replace the two forces and the negative wrench by a
single force R applied at A and the corresponding
couple M.
Example on Wrench
Example on Wrench
Example on Wrench
Example on Wrench
DIYS
Problem 154
Problem 159 (same as Sample Prob. 2/19)