Name: Asia D.

Estrada Date: March 5, 2023

Year & Section: APS2 Assignment 1 - LIVIT

1. What are the Basic Concepts of Information Technology (IT)?

Information technology is characterized as the use of computer systems to

manipulate, distribute, collect, and store information and data. It is used in the business
world to perform various operations that would otherwise be time-consuming. It includes
many areas such as software and hardware that help businesses carry out their operations.
Data security, application development, tech assistance, database and data storage
administration, and network management are among the fundamental concepts in
information technology.

2. List down and explain the Components of a Computer System.

• Central Processing Unit or CPU – This is the computer's brain, and it contains all
the circuitry required to process input, store data, and output results. Without the
CPU, none of the programs inside a computer would run because it is constantly
following instructions from computer programs that tell it which data to process
and how to process it. The CPU is responsible for all the computer's complex
algorithms and programming while it is running programs or applications.
• Graphical Processing Unit or GPU - It is a highly specialized processor that was
created to speed up graphic rendering. It can process large amounts of data at the
same time, making it useful for machine learning, video editing, and gaming
applications. A GPU is required for your computer to read and reproduce graphical
representations and effects, which are constantly providing in today's media.
• Motherboard – It is the main circuit board that holds all the hardware together. It
is also referred to as the backbone since it connects all the computer's components
in one location. All the other components of the computer would interact if the
Motherboard did not exist. A motherboard is required for a computer to function
properly.
• Storage Device - It stores data and allows you to install programs and save files.
Unlike RAM, the content of a storage device is secured in non-volatile memory,
which means that data is saved permanently inside its memory bank, preserving it
even after the PC is turned off, unless manually deleted or uninstalled.
• Random Access Memory or RAM – It is a temporary memory bank in which your
computer stores data that it needs to access quickly. RAM keeps data accessible so
that your processor can find it quickly without having to go into long-term storage
to complete immediate processing tasks. A RAM device stores important currently
used data and codes in memory, loading them instantly when the corresponding
program or app is launched.
 RAM is a volatile type of memory, which means that all stored memory is
refreshed after the computer is turned off. This enables the device to quickly absorb
new data during the next session, resulting in faster loading processes.
• Power Supply - A power supply supplies electricity to all computer system
components. A power cord is typically connected from the back of a PC tower to
an electrical socket. A technician can troubleshoot the power supply by shutting
down the computer, unplugging and detaching the power supply cord, or attempting
a different cord or outlet.
• Cooling Fan - Cooling fans are used by computers to prevent overheating. Many
computers have multiple cooling fans to assist users who use their computer
intensively, such as streaming video or gaming. If a consumer notices their
computer overheating, a computer technician may be required to repair the cooling
fan.

3. List down and explain the Computer Hardware Components.

The four major computer hardware components: input devices, processing
devices, output devices, and memory (storage) devices. Input devices are any devices
that users require to provide instructions to a computer. Input devices, in essence, serve as
a medium for sending data to a computer so that users can interact with and control it. The
keyboard and mouse are the most well-known examples. Data is also transferred between
computers using input devices. Output devices enable machines to transmit data to the
other devices or to customers. In general, the information that computers send to human
users is in understandable formats. Audio and video are the most common of these formats.
Monitors, speakers, and printers are the most well-known examples of output devices.
These devices generate video, audio, and graphic output, in that order. Processing Devices,
any computer's primary function is processing. When a computer receives data from an
input device, it must pass through an intermediate stage before being sent to an output
device. Memory devices are any devices capable of temporarily or permanently storing
information. Primary and secondary memory are the two types of memory. RAM (random
access memory) is used in primary memory to temporarily store instructions and data prior
to and following they are processed. RAM is volatile, which means that it only stores
information when the computer is turned on and is erased when the computer is turned off.

4. Define Input Devices and Output Devices.

• Output Device - A hardware component of a computer that receives information
generated by the machine and then converts that data. This can take the form of
audio, visual, textual, or hard copy, such as a printed document
• An input device is a piece of equipment/hardware that allows us to enter data into
a computer.
• An input device sends data to the computer, whereas an output device receives data
from the computer.
5. Give examples of Input and Output Devices.
INPUT DEVICES OUTPUT DEVICES
Microphone Monitor
Keyboard Speaker
Mouse Headphones
Joystick Printers
Trackball LCD Projection Panels
Scanner GPS Devices

6. Give the Importance of Software.

Software not only allows your personal computers to perform critical tasks, but it
can also help your company operate more efficiently. The right software can even inspire
new ways of doing things. As a result, it is a critical business asset, and you should carefully
select your software to ensure that it meets your needs.

7. List down the Do’s and Don’ts about Computer.

DO’S DON’TS
Do run anti-virus Do not overfill your hard drive to its
capacity.
Provide an adequate power supply. By Do not open attachments in email unless it
providing adequate power, users can run is needed, or the content is indicated.
the system properly and avoid system
crashes.
Do a proper shutdown. If you intend to turn Keep nothing on your desktop: Keeping
off the system, use the proper shutdown files and folders on the desktop will
procedure rather than simply switching off increase system boot time and slow system
the power button. If this is done, there is a performance.
chance that the data stored on it will be
lost.
Remove any unnecessary files. Keeping Installing deceiving utilities on the system,
unnecessary files and folders takes up which may affect the file system and other
memory space, and unwanted applications data stored on it, is not recommended. As a
reduce system performance by consuming result, before installing any applications,
ram memory. As a result, keep removing ensure that they are virus and malware free.
unnecessary files and applications from the
system.
References
Network Depot. (2017, March 22). Basic Concepts in Information Technology - Network

Depot. https://www.networkdepot.com/information-technology-concepts/

Components of Computer System. (n.d.).

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_concepts/computer_concepts_components_of_

computer_system.htm

Awati, R., & Rosencrance, L. (2021, October 6). computer hardware. Networking.

https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/hardware

Team, D. (2021, April 28). Input Devices of Computer | Output Devices of Computer.

DataFlair. https://data-flair.training/blogs/input-output-devices-of-

computer/#:~:text=Keyboards%2C%20mouse%2C%20scanners%2C%20etc,goes%20eit

her%20temporarily%20or%20permanently.

Computer software: the basics | Business Gateway. (n.d.). Computer Software: The

Basics | Business Gateway | Business Gateway.

https://www.bgateway.com/resources/computer-software-the-

basics#:~:text=Software%20not%20only%20makes%20your,it%20matches%20your%20

business%20needs.

Computer software: the basics | Business Gateway. (n.d.-b). Computer Software: The

Basics | Business Gateway | Business Gateway.

https://www.bgateway.com/resources/computer-software-the-

basics#:~:text=Software%20not%20only%20makes%20your,it%20matches%20your%20

business%20needs.