Biologi Sel & Molekuler

9. Amitosis, mitosis dan Meiosis

By Muhajirin Dean
Type of Cell
Cell Cycle

Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. 2002

Cell Cycle

The cell grows continuously in interphase,

which consists of three phases: DNA
 replication is confined to S phase; G1 is the
gap between M phase and S phase, while
G2 is the gap between S phase and M
phase. In M phase, the nucleus and then
the cytoplasm divide.

Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. 2002

Cell Cycle
 Cell divisions are of 3 types:

1.Amitosis
2.Mitosis &
3.Meiosis
Amitosis/binary fission
Mitosis

a process of cell duplication, or reproduction, during

which one cell gives rise to two genetically identical
daughter cells. Strictly applied, the term mitosis is used
to describe the duplication and distribution of 
chromosomes, the structures that carry the genetic
information.
Meiosis

Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing

organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes
(the sex cells, or egg and sperm). In humans, body (or somatic)
cells are diploid, containing two sets of chromosomes (one from
each parent). To maintain this state, the egg and sperm that unite
during fertilization must be haploid, with a single set of
chromosomes. During meiosis, each diploid cell undergoes two
rounds of division to yield four haploid daughter cells
Meiosis

Humans have 46 chromosomes in almost every cell, 23 that came from

one of our parents and 23 very similar chromosomes that came from the
other one of our parents. It is really important to have the right number of
chromosomes in a cell. If a cell has extra chromosomes or is missing a
chromosome, that can have very substantial impacts on how it functions.
We can think of meiosis as a way cells very carefully count and divide their
chromosomes so that each gamete, each egg or sperm, has exactly 23
chromosomes. Then when an egg with its 23 chromosomes is fertilized by
a sperm with its 23 chromosomes, the resulting fertilized egg has exactly
46 chromosomes. And a new human that grows from that fertilized egg
will have 46 chromosomes in all of its cells
phases of the cell cycle
Simple statemen