Time allowed: 1:00

Total Weight: 50%

Wollo University
Department of Peace and Development Studies
Final Exam Prepared for 2nd year Students for the Course introduction to Conflict: Theories and
Concepts’
Part I: Write true if the statement is correct and false if the statement is incorrect (2 pts.)
1. The pyramid tool is a graphic tool which shows you the level of stakeholders in a conflict.
2. Conflict for socio-biology theorists is not innate or instinctual but that it is actually learned through
the process of socialization.
3. Conflict for political theorist is a consequence of the way some societies are structured.
4. The stages of conflict can be used early in a process of analysis to help the process of strategy
building or later to identify patterns in the conflict.
5. Multi-casual model of conflict is based on the assumption that violent conflicts often have multiple
causes and layers.
6. As the level of descalation increases, the conflict intervening party has to become more forceful in its
form of intervention.
II. Choose the Best Answer and write the letter of your choice (2pts. each)
1. Relative deprivation theory of conflict indicates ______as a cause for conflict.
A. Absence of discrepancy between actors value expectations and capabilities.
B. Dissatisfied state of the mind
C. Tangible supply of goods
D. Social conditions that produce political stability and violence.
2. Among the following one is true about political theory of conflict?
A. Conflict is at the heart of all human relationships
B. Dissatisfied human needs are behind all violent conflicts
C. Power is at the center of all conflicts
D. Systematic and structural injustice at the center of all conflicts
3. From the following alternatives, one is true about conflict representation of the onion tool:
A. Inner layer- needs that we require to be satisfied.
B. Outer layer- position of the parties.
C. The core-interests of the parties want to achieve
D. All
4. Conflict tree is very appropriate when the parties have disagreements with regard to:

A. What the core problem is D. What the root causes are

B. Where the power lies E. All
C. What the Effects of conflict are

5. Among the following one is not true about the use of ‘pillars’ in conflict analysis:
A. It helps us to identify the level which we are working
B. For understanding how structures are sustained
C. To identify the factors that are maintaining an undesirable situation
D. To consider ways to weaken or remove negative factors
6. Among the following one is not true about the use of ‘Conflict Mapping’ in conflict analysis:
A. Identify the parties in relation to the problem
B. To see where allies or potential allies lie
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C. To help the actors agree on the core problem

D. To see where the power lies

Part III: Matching Questions(2 pt. each)

A B
1. Onion Tool A. A conflict analysis tool by using the analogy of a tree to identify
root causes, basic problem and effects
2. Conflict Tree B. A conflict analysis tool that enables to identify key actors of a
conflict at various levels
3. Timelines C. A tool that we use to identify elements that will have an influence
on the conflict and possible remedial measures to be taken
4. The conflict triangle D. A tool for analysis that we use to identify the basic forces and
elements that uphold a given unstable system
5. Force field analysis E. Graphic tool of conflict analysis that enables to identify the key
actors in conflict, issues and relationship between the parties
6. Pillars tool F. A tool of conflict analysis that helps us to understand conflicts by
identifying and studying the various stages of the conflict
7. Conflict mapping G. People, problem and process
8. Stages of conflict H. positions, interests and needs of the parties
9. The pyramid I. A tool of analysis that helps us to study the development of the
conflict using specific time frames
10. The 3Ps J. The context, or the situation, the behavior and attitudes
development of conflict
K. Conflict Management with the use of the constitutional
provisions and polices

Part IV: Short answer (6 pts.)

1. Taking the recent conflict between the Government and TPLF in Tigray regional state as a case,
 Draw up an ABC triangle for each of the major parties in the conflict situation.
 On each triangle, list the key issues that you think related to attitudes, behavior and context.

Name _____________________ Id. No __________Sec._______

Part I: True/False Part II: Multiple Part II: Matching
Choice
1. 1. 1. 7.
2. 2. 2. 8.
3. 3. 3. 9.
4. 4. 4. 10.
5. 5. 5.
6. 6. 6.
Part IV: Short Answer