Wollo University

College of Social Science and Humanities

Department of Peace and Development
Final Exam Prepared for 3rd year Students for the Course Quantitative Research
Total Weight: 60% Time allotted 1:00.
Part I: Write true if the statement is correct and false if the statement is not correct (1.5pt
each).
1. We should use hypothesis if we have no clue (or cannot guess) what is happening in the
reality.
2. In nominal scales, there is no comparison can be made in terms of one category being
higher than the other.
3. Research can be used to generate ideas on how to solve a problem using a Problem-
Solving Approach.
4. Ratio Scales refers to scales that have magnitude and equal intervals but not absolute zero
5. Peace and conflict research is just research for research sake.
Part II: Choose the Best Answer and write the letter of your choice (2 pts. each)
1. The research outcome that we are trying to explain is called:
A) Response Variable C) Independent Variable
B) Explanatory Variable D) Ordinal Variable
2. Operational definitions are encouraged in research in order to:
A) Conform to the requirement of statistical analysis
B) Increase the probability that experiments will succeed
C) Make terms used in a study as explicit as possible
D) Make educational research more easily understood by laypersons
3. "Students taught first aid by programmed instruction will achieve at a higher level than those
taught first aid by the traditional method." The independent variable in this hypothesis is:
A) Students C) Programmed instruction
B) Level of achievement D) Method of instruction
4. In the example in question 3, the dependent variable is:
A) Students C) Programmed instruction
B) Level of achievement D) Method of instruction
5. Sampling which provides for a known none zero chance of selection is:
A) Multiple Choice C) Hypotheses
B) Probability sampling D) Non-probability sampling
6. The original source from which researcher collects information is:
A) Primary C) Secondary
B) Primary and Secondary D) All
7. Which of the following is likely to be of greatest value in formulating hypotheses for a
scientific investigation?
A) A high level of emotional involvement in the research problem
B) A rigorous statistical design
 C) Clear indication of the variables involved
D) A problem statement that is broad in scope
8. A technique of Building up a list or a sample of a special population by using an initial set of
members as informants is called:
A) Purposive sampling C) Convenience Sampling
B) Snow ball Sampling D) Quota sampling
9.________is a numerical scale, where the order of the variable is known as well as thedifference
between these variables:
A) Interval Scale B) Ratio Scale C) Ordinal Scale D) Nominal Scale
10. _________as a variable measurement scale, it produces the order of variables as well as
make the differences between variable known along with information on the value of true zero?
A) Ordinal scale B) Ratio scale C) Nominal Scale D) Interval Scale
11. In the level of measurement, ________used to simply depict the order of variables, not to
make difference between variables?:
A) Interval Scale C) Ratio Scale
B) Ordinal scale D) Ordinal Scale
12. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
A. Searching sources of information to locate problem.
B. Survey of related literature
C. Identification of problem
D. Searching for solutions to the problem
13. The essential qualities of a researcher are
A. Spirit of free enquiry
B. Reliance on observation and evidence
C. Systematization or theorizing of knowledge
D. All the above
14. The method that consists of collection of data through observation and experimentation,
formulation and testing of hypothesis is called
A. Empirical method C. Scientific information
B. Scientific method D. Practical knowledge
15. In order for a variable to be measured, a researcher must provide a
A. Operational definition C. Theory
B. Hypothesis D. Scale
16. Quantitative research involves
A. Interviewing people to find out their deeply held views about issues
B. Collecting data in numerical form
C. More rigor than qualitative research
D. Interviewing every member of the target population

17. Among the following, one is the disadvantage of non-probability sampling:

 A. Easy to reach Sample C. Potential coverage error
B. Difficult to select sample D. Violate Assumption of Statistics

Part III: Matching Questions(1.5 pt. each)

A B
1. Operational Definition A. Research Group of subjects
2. Measurements B. Independent variables (or explanatory variables)
3. Abstract Concept C. Testable
4. Unit of Analysis D. Dependent variable (or response variable)
5. Null World E. Not testable
6. Cluster F. Observable indicators
7. Alternative World G. A Case of Subjects
8. Population H. Not directly measurable nor observable
9. Stratified I. Group of subjects selected
10. Sample J. Natural Boundary
K. Assigning number to Objects
L. Attributes

Part IV: Short answer (1.5 pt. each)

1. __________refers a statistics that a researcher uses when he/she want to produce results
that are applicable to only a sample that he/she have.
2. __________refers a statistics that a researcher uses when he/she want to produce a result
that can be generalised to another sample in the same population.
3. ________ is the most commonly used scale in which a number of statements are
developed with respect to a topic, and respondents can strongly agree, agree, be neutral,
disagree, or strongly disagree with the statements.

Answer Sheet
Name ____________________________________Id No._________ Section____________

True/False Multiple Choice Matching

1. 1. 7. 13. 1. 7.
2. 2. 8. 14. 2. 8.
3. 3. 9. 15. 3. 9.
4. 4. 10. 16. 4. 10.
5. 5. 11. 17. 5.
6 12 6.
Part III: Blank Space
1.___________________________________________________________________________________
2.___________________________________________________________________________________
3.___________________________________________________________________________________