Temperature sensor

Type of temperature sensors

• thermo resistive effect- ρ = ρ0·[1+α·(T-T0)]
• Thermistor - NTC si PTC
• (Sensor with silicon - KTY )
• Thermocouple – contact of tow metal
• Semiconductor junction
• Infrared sensor – non contact
• other
 Thermo-resistance
RTD – [ Resistive Temperature Detector ]
Principle – modifier of electrical resistance with temperature
Material used:
• copper (coefficient 0,00427)
• nickel
– coefficient value 0,00672(0 - 100˚C)
– Over 300 the coefficient decrease and the characteristics is
nonlinear
• platinum
– 200˚C to 600˚C the most used material
– The characteristics is linear and stable
• wolfram, tungsten
– For high temperature 1000 ˚C
 The characteristics of some material used in temperature sensor

Type Range Sensibility Accuracy Linearity Cost Obs.

Require reference
Thermocouple -270°C ÷ 50μV/°C ±0,5°C poor 1$ - 50$ and conditioning
+1800°C circuit

±0,1°C (-40°C÷ ±0,2°C / linearity High sensibility

Thermistor -100°C ÷ 5%/ °C 100°C) for 100 °C 2$ - 10$
+450°C 0,01°C(0÷70°C)

0,1°C 1°C / linearity High sensibility

RTD platinum -250°C°C ≈ +0,4% /°C 0,01°C for over 200 °C 25$ -
÷ +900°C laboratory 1000$

2°C Require individual

Diode and -270°C ÷ -2,2mV /°C ±2 ÷ ±5 °C (-55°C less de calibration
transistor +175°C ÷ ÷ +125 °C ) 0,5$ Is cheap
(≈0,33% /°C)

1°C Output voltage,

IC -85°C ÷ 0,4% /°C ±3°C (-55°C÷+125 (0,2°C to 0 1$ - 10$ current, digital
+125°C ÷ °C ) +70°C)
 RTD transfer function
Cu
• R=R0(1+0,39∙10-2∙T)
Pt - Platinum is the primary choice for most industrial, commercial,laboratory and other
critical RTD temperature measurements.

• for T<0°C: RRTD=R(0)·[1+A·T+B·T2+C·(T-100) ·T3]

• for T>0°C: RRTD=R(0)·[1+A·T+B·T2]
The coefficients is defined in function of platinum purity so the values is standard (0,003923 standard RC21-4
1966, 0,003851 standard DIN Europa IEC 60751, 0,003900 standard British industry – BS 1904_1984)
The new standard that define the values of coefficients is ASTM 1137 (American) and IEC 60751 (European).
A = 3.9083 E-3
B = -5.775 E-7
C = -4.183 E -12 (below 0 °C), or
C = 0 (above 0 °C)

• R=R(0) ∙(1,0036+36,79∙10-4∙T) – [linear equation]

• R=R(0)∙(1+3,908∙10-3 ∙T -5,8∙10-7∙T2) [reduced equation]
• R=R (0) ∙(1+3,9083∙10-3 ∙T -5,775∙10-7∙T2) [IEC standard]
• R=R (0) ∙(1+3,9692∙10-3 ∙T -5,8495∙10-7∙T2) [ASTM standard]
The difference between linear and parabolic equation at 150 ˚C
a) R=155,55 Ω, b) R=157,32 Ω , difference 1,76Ω , error -4,8˚C
• The difference between the standard at 100°C a) IEC and b) ASTM
a) R=138,5055 Ω, b) R=139,1071Ω , difference 10043Ω , error 2,61˚C
 PT100
difference
constructive
form
 Pt100 resistance value - Pascani
T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω)
-200 17,28 0 100 200 177,03 400 249,38 600 317,06
-150 38,80 50 119,70 250 195,56 450 266,74
-100 59,65 100 139,10 300 213,79 500 283,60
-50 80,00 150 158,21 350 231,73 550 300,58

RTD resistance value - standard ITS 90 (IEC751)

T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) 600 313,71
-200 18,52 0 100 200 175,86 400 247,09 650 329,64
-150 39,72 50 119,40 250 194,10 450 264,18 700 345,28
-100 60,26 100 138,51 300 212,05 500 280,98 750 360,64
-50 80,31 150 157,33 350 229,72 550 297,49 800 375,70

RTD resistance value – Analog Device handbook

T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) 600 313,65
-200 18,53 0 100,00 200 175,84 400 247,06 650 329,57
-150 39,65 50 119,40 250 194,08 450 264,14 700 345,21
-100 60,20 100 138,50 300 212,03 500 280,93 750 360,55
-50 80,25 150 157,32 350 229,69 550 297,43 800 375,61
Measurement circuit of thermoresistance with 2 wire

Vout=Vref·Rt(1+R4/R3)/R3=Vref·Rt·11/R3

Vo=0,0141025*Rt

50Ω 100Ω 150Ω 200Ω 300Ω

0,705V 1,41V 2,115V 2,82V 4,23V
Measurement circuit of thermoresistance with 3 and 4 wire
 KTY series
Silicon temperature sensors

• A good linearity and stability in time (+/-0,05˚C/an)

• The temperature sensors in the KTY series have a
positive temperature coefficient of resistance and are
suitable for use in measurement and control systems.
• The sensor is very sensible at current polarity in special
at high current variation on high temperature . The
solution is to connect tow sensors in opposite, in this way
is formatted a dual sensor.
RT=R0·[1+A ·(T-T0)+B ·(T-T0)2] for KTY81
where: R0=1000Ω / 25˚C, A=0,007874, B=1,874∙10-5
 Thermistor NTC
• Thermistors are special solid temperature sensors that behave like
temperature-sensitive resistors; hence their name is a contraction of
"thermal" and "resistor". They are mostly very small bits of special
material that exhibit more than just temperature sensitivity.
• Thermistors are highly-sensitive and have very reproducible resistance
Vs. temperature properties. They are used inside many other devices
as temperature sensing and correction devices as well as in specialty
temperature sensing probes for commerce, science and industry.
• Negative temperature variation (-3 … -5%)
• The temperature characteristics
R=AeB/T
where: A (some time RA) is a constant, is measured in ohm and have the
signification of sensor resistance when temperature prone to infinite.
B is a material constant, is measured K, B=ln(R1/R2)/(1/T1-1/T2)
The usual value for B: 2000 – 5000 K
• The characteristic lnR function by 1/T is a line so can be used to
establish the constants A and B
 Termistori NTC
• The dependence of the resistance on temperature can be approximated by the
following equation:
1 1
B(  )
RT  RN e T TN

RT - NTC resistance in Ω at temperature T in K

RN - NTC resistance in Ω at rated temperature TN in K
T, TN Temperature in K
B - B value, material-specific constant of the NTC thermistor
e - Base of natural logarithm (e = 2,71828)

In the data sheet is specify the temperature coefficient at 25 °C

α=1/R∙dR/dT

The other method to specify characteristics of variation of resistance -

temperature of thermistor is using the next equation
1/T=A+BlnRT+Cln3RT where A, B and C – coefficient
 Technical data
• Nominal resistance R25 – the resistance value at 25°C in
null condition
• constant B
• The temperature coefficient variation at referance
temperature by 25°C
• The dissipation constant (δ) indicates the power
necessary for increasing the temperature of the
thermistor element by 1ºC through self-heating in a heat
equilibrium.
• A constant expressed as the time for the temperature at
the electrodes of a thermistor, with no load applied, to
change to 63.2% of the difference between their initial
and final temperature, during a sudden change in the
surrounding temperature.
 Termistori PTC
• The positive temperature variation
• Ceramic PTC thermistors are used instead of conventional fuses to
protect loads such as motors, transformers, etc. or electronic circuits
against over current. They not only respond to inadmissibly high
currents but also if a preset temperature limit is exceeded.
Thermistor fuses limit the power dissipation of the overall circuit by
increasing their resistance and thus reducing the current to a
harmless residual value. In contrast to conventional fuses, they do
not have to be replaced after elimination of the fault but resume their
protective function immediately after a short cooling-down time.
• This characteristics is available in a low range
• Because the temperature coefficient is high the thermistor is used in
protection circuit.
• The characteristic temperature-resistance is exponential
• In a temperature range T1-T2 the transfer function is described by
three constant material A, B and C.
PTC characteristics
 Thermistor YSI 44005
T=1/ [A+B(lnR)+C(lnR)3]-273.2
where : T - temperature in ˚C,
lnR logarithm natural of
resistance
A=1.4051·10-3
B=2.369·10-4
C=1.019·10-7
 Temperature-resistance for YSI
44005
T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω) T(˚C) R(Ω)

-50 201.1k 0 9796 50 1081 100 203.8

-45 141.6k 5 7618 55 895.8 105 176.4
-40 101.0k 10 5971 60 746.3 110 153.2
-35 72.81k 15 4714 65 624.7 115 133.6
-30 53.10k 20 3748 70 525.4 120 116.8
-25 39.13k 25 3000 75 444.0 125 102.5
-20 29.13k 30 2417 80 376.9 130 90.2
-15 21.89k 35 1959 85 321.2 135 79.6
-10 16.60k 40 1598 90 274.9 140 70.4
-5 12.70k 45 1310 95 236.2 145 62.5
150 55.6
 Hardware 'linearization'
• Connect a resistor in parallel with the thermistor. RP
Rt(t)=RNTC·RP/(RNTC+RP)

• The resistors value should equal the thermistor's resistance at the mid-
range temperature.
(flexion point ).
RP=RNTC·(B-2TC)/(B+2TC)

TC – the temperature of central of liniarized temperature range

• This technique is recommended whenever thermistors are used with
simple measuring devices that have low ADC resolution (i.e. <12 bit).
• The second method used to establish the value of RP is:
R ( R  R2 )  2 R1 R2
RP  M 1
R1  R2  2 RM
where: R1 ,RM and R2 are the thermistor's resistance at the low, middle and
high temperature points of your measurement range, T1, T2 and T3.
 Voltage circuit of resistance
measurement

Pt100A 2k4 RE F 2.5 V+

3 1
t VOUT VIN

G ND
2
Current circuit of resistance
measurement
V+
U3A

4
RE F 2.5
Pt100A LT1014 3 3 1
+ VOUT VIN
1

G ND
t 2
Ui n1 -

11
Ui n2

2
2k5
The graph compare the results of the two methods with constant-

current drive and curve constant-voltage drive.

3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31
The graph compare the results of the two methods with constant-
current drive and curve constant-voltage drive.
RTD measurement circuit
The measurement circuit for Pt100. power
supply voltage (+5V).

AO1

AO2

AO4

AO3
 Coefficient Callendar – van Dusen
• The platinum thermometer is one of the most linear and practical
temperature transducers in existence. Yet it is still necessary to
linearise the measured signal, as will appear from the diagram below.
The diagram illustrates the disparity in ohms between the actual
resistance value at a given temperature and the value that would be
obtained by a simple linear calculation for a Pt100 sensor:
• Rt=R0·[1+A·t+B·t2+C·(t-100)·t3]
Methode Callendar – van Dusen
Where:
- R0 la 0°C (the freezing point of water)
- R100 la 100°C (the boiling point of water)
- Rh la 419,53°C a high temperature (e.g. the melting point of
zink, 419.53 °C)
- Rl la -182,96°C a low temperature (e.g. the boiling point of
oxygen, -182.96 °C)
calculus:
α – First the linear parameter α is determined as the normalised slope between 0 and 100 °C:
δ - Callendar has established a better approximation by introducing a term of the second
order, δ, into the function. The calculation of δ is based on the disparity between the
actual temperature, th, and the temperature calculated
β - At negative temperatures The calculation of β is based on the disparity between the actual
temperature, tl, and the temperature that would result from employing only α and δ:
R100  R0 Rth  R0
  , th 
100  R0 R0  
 
Rt  R0  R0    t t t
( h  1)  h
Rt  R0 100 100
t 
R0   t t
Rt  R0  R0    [t    (  1)  ]
100 100

Rtl  R0 t t
tl  [    ( l  1)  l ]
R0   100 100

t t
( l  1)  ( l ) 3
100 100
t t t t 3
Rt  R0  R0    [t    (  1)    (  1)  ( ) ]
100 100 100 100
 The coefficient A, B and C

• Rt=R0·[1+A·t+B·t2+100·C·t3 +C·t4]
 
A  
100
 
B  
1002
 
C 
1004
Pt100 coefficient for standard IEC751 and ITS90

α 0,003850 A 3,908·10-3
δ 1,4999 B -5,775·10-7
β 0,10863 C -4,183·10-12
Deviation in ohms between the actual resistance value and the linear interpolation as a
function of the temperature expressed in °C.
 Thermocuple
• In electrical engineering and industry, thermocouples are a widely used type of
temperature sensor and can also be used as a means to convert thermal potential
difference into electric potential difference. They are cheap and interchangeable,
have standard connectors, and can measure a wide range of temperatures. The main
limitation is accuracy; System errors of less than one 1 (°C) can be difficult to
achieve. When sensor is used at high temperature decrease the time of exploitation
(sensor’s ageing).
• Thermocouples are based on the principle that when two dissimilar metals are joined
a predictable voltage will be generated that relates to the difference in temperature
between the measuring junction and the reference junction (connection to the
measuring device). The selection of the optimum thermocouple type (metals used in
their construction) is based on application temperature
• The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to
electric voltage and vice versa. Thomson and Seebeck effect .
• Thomson Effect. Any current-carrying conductor (except for a superconductor), with
a temperature difference between two points, will either absorb or emit heat,
depending on the material.
• Seebeck Effect. Seebeck discovered that when two dissimilar metals are connected
(junctioned) together, an electric current will flow between them when one metal is
heated with respect to the other.
The effect is that a voltage, the thermoelectric EMF (Electromotive force ), is
created in the presence of a temperature difference between two different metals or
semiconductors. This causes a continuous current in the conductors if they form a
complete loop. The voltage created is of the order of several microvolt per Kelvin
difference.
• (+) Al, Sn, Zn, Cd, Pb, Sb, Bi, Hg, Fe, Cu, Ag, Au, Pt (-)
 The ThermoElectric Laws
• L1. The Law of Homogeneous Circuits .
An electric current cannot be sustained in a circuit of a single
homogeneous metal, however varying in section, by the application
of heat alone.
• L2. The Law of Intermediate Metals.
If two dissimilar metals A and B with their junctions at T1 and T2 are
joined to a third metal C at one leg, if C is kept at a uniform
temperature along its entire length, the total EMF in the circuit will be
unaffected.
• L3. The Law of Intermediate Temperatures .
If you have one thermocouple with it's junction at 32&degF and some
reference temperature and another thermocouple at the same
reference temperature and the measured temperature. This is
equivalent to a single thermocouple with it's junction at 32&degF
and the measured temperature .
 Thermocouple
• Clarified by material
– Thermocouple with metallic elements
– Thermocouple with non metallic elements
• Used mode
– Thermocouple in immersion
– Thermocouple on surface
• Time constants
– Thermocouple with low time constant (under 15
seconds)
– Thermocouple with medium time constant (15 … 30
seconds)
– Thermocouple with high time constant(peste 30
seconds)
 Thermocouple type
Termocuplu Simbol Polarity T min T max proprieties

IRON-Constantan J iron + / Constantan − −200 600 cheap

cooper-Constantan T cooper+/Constantan − −270 400 Humidity

Chromel-Constantan E Cromel + /Constantan + −270 600 High sensitivity

Chromel-Al K Chromel + /Al − −270 1000 Good linearity

PtRh(10%)-Pt S PtRh(10%) + /Pt − 0 1400 expensive

PtRh(13%)-Pt R PtRh(13%) + /Pt − 0 1400 expensive

PtRh(30%)- B PtRh(13%)+ /PtRh(6%)− 0 1700 expensive

PtRh(6%)
 voltage (mV) – temperature (C) for thermocouple
Temperature J T E K S R B
-200 -7,890 -5,603 -8,824 -5,891 - - -
-100 +4,632 -3,378 -5,237 -3,553 - - -
0 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000
25 1,277 0,992 1,495 1,000 0,142 0,141 -0,002
100 5,268 4,277 6,317 4,095 0,645 0,647 0,033
200 10,777 9,286 13,419 8,137 1,440 1,468 0,178
300 16,325 14,860 21,033 12,207 2,323 2,400 0,431
400 21,864 20,869 28,943 16,395 3,260 3,407 0,786
500 27,388 - 36,999 20,640 4,234 4,471 1,241
600 33,096 - 45,085 24,902 5,237 5,582 1,791
700 39,130 - 53,110 29,128 6,274 6,741 2,430
800 45,498 - 61,022 33,277 7,345 7,949 3,154
900 51,875 - 68,783 37,325 8,448 9,203 3,957
1000 57,942 - 76,358 41,269 9,585 10,503 4,833
1100 63,777 - - 48,828 10,754 11,846 5,777
1200 69,536 - - 52,398 11,947 13,224 6,783
1300 - - - - 13,155 14,624 7,845
1400 - - - - 14,368 16,035 8,952
1500 - - - - 15,576 17,445 10,094
1600 - - - - 16,771 18,842 11,257
1700 - - - - 17,942 20,215 12,585
 Thermocouple measurement circuit
• Is necessary to compensate the cold junction
• AD594, LT1025 dedicate IC
• R3 and R4 divid down the 10 mV/°K output of the LM335 to match the Seebeck coefficient of the thermocouple. The
LM329B and its 00747101
associated voltage divider provide a voltage to buck out the 0°C output of the LM335. To calibrate, adjust R1 so that V1
= <5°C T, where <5°C is the Seebeck coefficient and T is the ambient temperature in degrees Kelvin.
• Then, adjust R2 so that V1−V2 is equal to the thermocouple output voltage at the known ambient temperature.
15V

R13
R3

200k
LM335 POT
-
V1 R4 Termocuple

15V
+

R14
R5
-

200k
2

POT
V2
LM329B 1M R6
1

Thermocouple Seebeck R4 R6
Type Coefficient (Ù) (Ù)
(ìV/°C)
J 52.3 1050 385
T 42.8 856 315
K 40.8 816 300
S 6.4 128 46.3
 JONCŢIUNI SEMICONDUCTOARE

• Semiconductor temperature sensors are produced in the

form of ICs. Their fundamental design results from the
fact that semiconductor diodes have temperature-
sensitive voltage vs. current characteristics.
• The use of IC temperature sensors is limited to
applications where the temperature is within a –55° to
150°C range. The measurement range of IC temperature
sensors may be small compared to that of
thermocouples and RTDs, but they have several
advantages: they are small, accurate, and inexpensive,
and are easy to interface with other devices such as
amplifiers, regulators, DSPs, and microcontrollers.
• Output: analog, digital
 Principle of semiconductor’s
temperature sensors
 VB E 1 

It I  I S e
nVT 

kt
VT 
q
Q3 Q4
VBE  nVT
 VB E 
 nVT 
I  I S e

Ic2 Ic1 VBE 

kT I
ln( )
q IS
kT I 
Q2 Q1 VBE  VBE1  VBE 2   ln  1 
q  I2 
+ VR  VBE 
kT I
 ln  1


Vt q  I2 
R VR  const  T
-
I - is the diode current,
IS - is the reverse bias saturation
current,
VBE - is the voltage across the diode,
VT - is the thermal voltage,
and n is the emission coefficient
 LM35
• Calibrated directly in ° Celsius (Centigrade)
• Linear + 10.0 mV/°C scale factor
• 0.5°C accuracy guaranteeable (at +25°C)
• Rated for full −55° to +150°C range
• Suitable for remote applications
• Low cost due to wafer-level trimming
• Operates from 4 to 30 volts
• Less than 60 μA current drain
• Low self-heating, 0.08°C in still air
• Nonlinearity only ±1⁄4°C typical
• Low impedance output, 0.1 W for 1 mA load
 Other type of temperature sensors
• LM63
– Digital output 10+1 bit
– resolution 0,125˚C
– accuracy ±1˚C (50 ÷ 85˚C), ± 3˚C (-25 ÷ 125)
• LM45
– 10mV/˚C, accuracy ± 3˚C
– Power supplay 4 ÷ 10V,
• LM75
– Digital output I2C
– Power supply 3,5÷5,5V
– IC ADC 9 biţi sigma-delta
– accuracy 2,5˚C (-25 ÷ 100˚C) and +-3˚C (-55 ÷ +150˚C)
• LM135, LM235, LM335
– Directly calibrated in °Kelvin•1°C initial accuracy available
– Operates from 400 µA to 5 mA
– Less than 1Ohm dynamic impedance
– Easily calibrated
– Wide operating temperature range
– 200°C overrange,low cost
• MAX6576/MAX6577
TS1 - TS0 MAX6576 MAX6577
– Output time /frequency 00 10μs/˚K 4
– accuracy 0,8˚C / 25˚C (max 3˚C) 40μs/˚K
01 1
– Power supply 2,7÷5,5V 160μs/˚K
10 1/4
– range -40 ÷ +125˚C
11 640μs/˚K 1/16
– T(˚C)=F(Hz)/k+237,15˚C
• MAX6632 / MAX6629
– output SPI, accuracy 1±˚C
– resolution 0,0625˚C, 12 +1 bit
– Power supply 3÷5,5V
• MAX6632 / MAX6629
– output SPI, accuracy 1±˚C

• LT1047A
– output 10mV/˚C+500mV, power supply 2,5…5,5V
 Measurement circuit
V+
5...40V 5,5Vmax
V+

R1 I1

1
Vo=t*10+500[mV] I=1uA/gradK

G ND VIN
Vo=10mV/grdK VOUT
3 AD590
Vo=10mV/grdK
LM335 R2
Vo=R*1uA /gradK
POT
LM335 TC1047A R

2
V+ R1
4....20V 4....20V
V+ Tmediu

R1 LM335

1
Vo=10mV/gradC Vo=10mV/gradC

G ND VIN

G ND VIN
Tmin
LM335 3 3
VOUT VOUT
LM335 LM335 LM335
LM335
R1
LM35 LM35
2

2
V-
 Temperature Conversion
Formulas
Conversion Formula Example

Celsius to Kelvin K = C + 273 21°C = 294 K

Kelvin to Celsius C = K - 273 313 K = 40 °C

Fahrenheit to C = (F - 32) x 5/9 89 ° F = 31.7 ° C

Celsius
Celsius to F = (C x 9/5) + 32 50 ° C = 122 ° F
Fahrenheit
 Measurement circuit for LM75

SCL
Sistem SDA
cu
ATtiny
2313 Traductor Traductor Traductor
T2 T3 ... T8
LM75 LM75 LM75
 Infrared temperature sensor
• Infrared (IR) radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum, witch includes radio
waves, microwaves, visible light, and ultraviolet light, as well as gamma rays and X-
rays. The IR range falls between the visible portion of the spectrum
and radio waves. IR wavelengths are usually expressed in microns, with the lR
spectrum extending from 0.7 to 1000 microns. Only the 0.7-14 micron band is used
for IR temperature measurement.

• Operating range -40 ... 400 grade C

• A bolometer is a device used to measure the energy of incident electromagnetic
radiation.

• sensitivity 0,02 ÷ 0,1°C

• application:
– Measure without contact
– Industrial equipment
– Medical instruments
• Characteristics.
– High precision
– High sensitivity (110V/W)
– Low noise
– Response time (40 msec)
– expensive
 SMTIR9901/02 INFRARED SENSORS
Typical applications
• contact less measurement of surface temperatures or Infrared
radiation temperature measurement on moving objects.
• continuous temperature control of manufacturing.
• thermal alarm systems
• climate control
• medical instruments
• home appliances.
Features
• High accuracy
• High sensitivity (110 V/W)
• Low resistance (50 KW) and therefore
• Very good signal-to-noise-ratio
• Good response time (40 ms)
• Low cost thin film technology
Acoustic and piezoelectric temperature sensor

• Acoustics temperature sensor has different speed of

sound at different temperature
C≈331,5·√T/273.15 m/sec

• Piezoelectric temperature sensor use the propriety of

crystal to have different oscillation frequency at different
temperature.
Δf/f0=a0+a1ΔT+a2ΔT2+a3ΔT3
- a1 = 35 ppm/°C
- The coefficient a2 and a3 can be eliminated by a
special manufacturing of the crystal
 Application with temperature sensor
Requirements
• Accuracy of measurement by 0,2°C
• Range -100 … +400°C
Pt100 offer
• Resistance measurement accuracy by 0,05Ω
• 400°C – 0,3452Ω/°C >> accuracy 0,069Ω
• -100°C – 0,4063Ω/°C >> accuracy 0,081Ω
• 500*5 = 2500 values>> conversion AD by 12 bit (4096)
• 60Ω/-100°C and 250Ω/+400°C ≈1/5 is not used from
range
• We chose a ADC 14 bit (sigma-delta)
• AD7705 ADC on 16 bit
• The reference resistor is by 500Ω with 0,01% accuracy
Convertor AD 7705
 Thermometer with AD590
• The range of temperature 0 to 100°C
• The accuracy is better that 1°C
Output of AD590 is current – the current signal is not
affected by induced voltage on the wire
AD590M in the range 0 … 100°C, the accuracy is by
0,3°C
The result error is by 0,7°C and is introduced by all
component from circuit
 Measurement circuit
1 2
3 +E EOUT 2,5V
-E R2
9k09
AD580

15k < 100gradeC

P1 < 0gradeC

U5 R5
200 96k3
-
R3
AD590J 1k

10k R4
Uout
+
1uA/K AD521L

R1

1k 0,1%

Analog Device – transducer interfacing handbook