Ac.

1 Unit 5b REPORTED SPEECH

Reported speech is to repeat/report/say/tell what
someone else said. What was said happened in the Past
“ “ = quotation marks , = comma . = period
told me = Obj. Pronoun
asked him = Obj. Pro.
asked (that)
said (that), or said to + Object Pronoun said me =WRONG
Statements: (that)
S + told me S + informed me
S + said to me that S + Said that S + said + S + V
explained that claimed that wondered that
Commands or Advise: (NOT + to + verb)
Verbs of “emotion” + Object Pronoun
asked me to warned me to encouraged me to
told me to advised me to promised me to
demanded to suggested to/ordered to/promised to
WH-Q, and Yes/No Q: uses “if” - wondered if said (if)
asked (if) told me (if) said to me (if) wanted to
know (if)
A.-A Statement = A sentence: S + V + C = a declaration, a
remark, an idea. “is, are” Changes to “was/were”
Judy said, “I am so happy.”
“I am so happy,” Judy said.
-Judy said (that) she was happy.
“She is a dancer”, Peppa told me.
- Peppa told me that she was a dance
1. Jon claimed, “He is at work.”
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2. She told me, “She is here. “
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3. Pedro told us, “I am a professional.”
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4. He is a politician, Jody informed us.
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5. We are in class, the teacher informed.
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B-Present Continuous: Changes to “was/were”
1-“She is studying language”, Maria told me.
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2. “We are working, “The instructor informed.
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3. “They are studying abroad,” they said.
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4. Joan informed, “She is traveling tomorrow.”
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5. The president announced, he is traveling.
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6-She told me, “I am walking my dog in that park.”
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C-Simple present: Changes to Simple past
1-Joe said to me, “I have a problem with my mic.”
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2-“They destroy our economy, “Jonny informed us
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3- Sugar said, “She washes the dishes.”
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4- Joe claimed, “He has to leave early.”
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5-Peter informed; he works all night.
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D-Simple past: Changes to Past perfect:
S + had (not) + Past Participle + C
1- Armando told us, “I had too much work.”
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2- “I had an issue in my house,” my friend said.
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3- “I cleaned my room,” I told my mom.
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4- Father said, I had to sleep early.
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5- We had to study; the teacher suggested.
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E-Modals will Changes to would/ can changes to could
1- “I will meet you in London.” , Mary confirmed.
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2- “You can go out after homework”, mom said.
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3- Father suggested, we can put up our tree.
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4- Mom claims, I lose my keys all the time.
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5-She asked me, she needs help with her homework.
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F.-Past continuous: Changes to past perfect continuous.
S + had been + verb-ing
1-The Dr. replied, “I was operating this morning.”
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2-The teacher said, she was administrating exams.
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3- The director claimed, he didn’t know anyone.
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4- Jon said, he was having problems with his camera.
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5- I was cleaning my room, Joan informed Mary.
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G.-Present Perfect: Changes to past perfect:
S + had (not) + past participle + C
1-Ana suggested, “I have had too much work.”
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2-The days are getting longer, Nassa informed.
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3-The astronauts showed, the Earth rotating around the
Sun.
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4-National Geographic claims, The Everest is the highest
mountain in the world.
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5-Astronomers said, the Sun rises and sets in the East.
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-----------------WH-QUSTIONS------------------
1- “What are you doing tomorrow?”, I asked you.
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2- “Why were you crying?”, Emily wanted to know.
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3- “Where are my shoes?”, Alex asked.
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4- When does the cycle finish, the student asked.
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5-The teacher informed, next week.
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------------All Yes/No Q: use “if” ------------------
1-“Do you speak English?” , Juanita asked .
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2-

3-“Did you feed my dog last night?” , Pepe asked me.

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-If
-----------------IMPERATIVES-------------------
Commands/Orders = Imperatives: begin with a verb.
Use “to” + verb/Not to + verb (Omit the Auxiliary verb)
“Don´t open the window!”, mommy ordered me.
a- Mommy ordered me not to open the window.
b- Not to open the window, mommy ordered (me).
warned me not to
encouraged me (not) to
demanded No obj.
suggested No obj. = Formal
told + Obj. Pronoun.
advised me =Formal
1-“Turn on the light!” , dad ordered.
a-To
b-Dad
2-Dad suggested, “Study now that you can!!”
a-To
b-Dad
3-Maggy advised me, “Don´t touch my bag!”
a-Not
b-Maggy
4-Father ordered us, “Clean the house!
a-Father
b-To
5- Maria demanded, take out the garbage.
a-
6- Peter encouraged students, study.
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7- Judy said, clean the kitchen please.
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8-Paul told them, please do your work.
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9- I ordered them, fix your room.
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10- She told us, don’t go out.
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11- We answered, don’t call us.
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12- They said, don’t drink.
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 ------------GENERAL TRUTHS---------------
General Truths: Facts, Reality (No change in tense.)
1- “The Moon circles the Earth.”, Galileo Galilei said.
- Galileo said
2- “The Vatican City is the smallest country in the world”,
the map showed us.
-The map showed us (that)
3- “The drug stores open in the morning.”, the
pharmacist informed me.
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4- “Trees purify the air.” Ecologists said.
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5- “Matter is neither created not destroyed, it only
transforms”, Lavoisier´s law states.

6- Chris Dickman said, “Thousands of mammals died in

the catastrophic Australia wildfire.”
7-A chemist said that, “Water boils at 100 degrees
Celsius

8- “Global warming is damaging the environment” , Guy

calendar informed.
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9- The Earth is round, science informed.
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10- Humans are mortal, medical science confirmed.
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11-
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12-
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13-
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14-
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Indirect questions from WH-Q and Reported Speech
Verb “be” goes after the Subj. Pro./Noun/N. Ph.
1-Where is the coffee shop? Pepe wanted to know.
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2-When is the concert? Peppa asked.
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3-Why was she crying? Her mother demanded to know.
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4-Where can I find a library? Jon asked.
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5-Where might I find a market? The tourist asked.
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6-When has she traveled? The police demanded to know.
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OMIT Aux. Verbs do, does, did - Yes/No uses “IF”
Do you swim? Peppa asked.
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Did you pass the course? Jen wanted to know.
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Does Jen have a boyfriend? Jon asked.
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Yes/No questions use “if” and Aux. Subj, CHANGES to
Subj. Aux.
1-Can you help me? Pedro asked Jamy.
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2-Have we already finished the grammar? Pedro said.
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3-Will you go out tonight? John asked.
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4-Has she learned? her mom asked.
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5-Have we had lunch yet? father replied.
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6-Can you solve these problems? My teacher said.