LA CARLOTA CITY COLLEGE

LA CARLOTA CITY
LIBERAL ARTS DEPARTMENT

ELS 107
PRE-LIM EXAMINATION

Name:___________________________________________Course&Year_____________________Date:__________
I. TRUE/FALSE

1. Discourse analysis is, thus, not just an understanding of how sentences string together but also the way they
exhibit properties which reflect organization, coherence, rhetorical force, thematic focus etc of a piece of
conversation.
2. According to David Crystal, he contrasts discourse within linguistics to the use of term ‘text’.
3. Spoken Discourse, especially conversation, poses the greatest problems in terms of analysis due to its apparently
unstructured nature.
4. In spoken discourse, the number of interlocutors may not vary.
5. Not verbal expressions do not add difficulty to the analysis of spoken discourse.
6. Backchannels are brief verbal responses that a listener uses.
7. Writing involves an interaction between two or more people in which each contributor builds upon the previous
contributions either directly or indirectly.
8. Discourse centers on the actual operation of language beyond the restriction of grammar, focusing on the devices
which chunk speech (or writing) into functional segments.
9. According to Cazden, the principal focus of discourse analysis in education during 1970s and 1980s has been on
instances of face-to-face talk between care-givers and children as key moments in language socialization.
10. In written discourse, the writer constructs the text and provides it with a more formal and coherent structure, often
through the use of various linguistic, stylistic, and rhetorical devices.
11. A discourse analysis of written texts focuses on making implicit those explicit norms and rules which produce
language in that context and the way the writer packages the quantum of information that he/she has to convey.
12. Cohesive devices do not themselves create meaning, but they are clues to find meanings which underlie surface
utterances.
13. The focus of discourse is on context and on the behavioral patterns that structure the social functions of a
language, above and beyond sentence level.
14. Sentences are artificial constructs which are detached from such reality by definition and so have nothing to do
with discourse.
15. According to Stubs, the term discourse analysis, can be found in the context of a large number of sciences such as
linguistics, history, philosophy, sociology, anthropology, politics, etc.

II. IDENTIFICATION. Identify the kind of General Differences describe in the following statements:

1. Refers to presenting actions and events as nouns rather than as verbs.

2. Refers to the extent knowledge of context is needed to interpret a text.
3. Refers to the ratio of content words
4. Refers to stating something clearly or directly.
5. Refers to number of clauses in a text as a proportion of the number of sentences in a text.
6. Refers to unpreparedness in discourse.
7. Refers to using the same word or phrase over an over again in a piece of writing or speech.
8. Refers to indecision in speech or action.
Prepared:

CRISNA O. TUYOR, MA.Ed

 LA CARLOTA CITY COLLEGE
LA CARLOTA CITY
LIBERAL ARTS DEPARTMENT

ELS 107
PRE-LIM EXAMINATION
9. Refers to the use of unnecessary words or phrases that express something already said in the utterance or
sentence.

III. ENUMERATION. Enumerate the seven (7) General Differences of spoken and written discourse.

IV. DISCUSSION

a. Why there is a need for us to study Discourse?

b. State the difference between Spoken and Written Discourse base on the general differences you have
enumerated in Test III.

Prepared:

CRISNA O. TUYOR, MA.Ed