ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS

JUDAISM CHRISTIANITY ISLAM

They all trace their origin to the great patriarch
Abraham and his descendants.
 ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS
JUDAISM CHRISTIANITY ISLAM
● Monotheistic religion
● The religion of the
Jews known as
“people of the Book”.
 JUDAISM
Judaism is the world’s oldest monotheistic religion,
dating back nearly 4,000 years.
Followers of Judaism believe in one God who revealed
himself through ancient prophets.
Founder: Abraham
 How did Judaism get its name?

ABRAHAM
JACOB
ISAAC
ESAUH
Who is Judah?
 CONCEPT MAP

JUDAISM
SACRED BELIEFS & Worship &
SUBDIVISIONS
SCRIPTURES DOCTRINES observances
 SACRED The Hebrew Bible or the Tanakh
SCRIPTURES Torah Nevi’im Ketuvim
 SACRED 1. The Hebrew Bible or the Tanakh
SCRIPTURES Torah Nevi’im Ketuvim
❏ “Teachings”
❏ The whole body of Jewish laws.
❏ Composed of the first five books
which is called PENTATEUCH
namely GENESIS, EXODUS,
LEVITICUS, NUMBERS AND
DEUTERONOMY.
❏ Believed to have been authored
by Moses through divine
instruction.
 SACRED 1. The Hebrew Bible or the Tanakh
SCRIPTURES Torah Nevi’im Ketuvim
❏ “Prophets” - God’s chosen
messengers.
❏ Presents the history of the Israelites
as a nation through the experience of
the prophets and kings.
 SACRED 1. The Hebrew Bible or the Tanakh
SCRIPTURES Torah Nevi’im Ketuvim
❏ “Writings”
❏ Contains works on poetry,
temple rituals, private
prayers, philosophical
explorations and other
canonical works.
 SACRED 2. Talmud
SCRIPTURES ❏ The oral Torah which means
“study”.
❏ All studies and interpretations done
by the Jewish rabbis or teachers of
the Torah.
❏ An authoritative collection of
rabbinic interpretations of the
sacred scriptures.
❏ Includes materials of law and moral
codes.
 SACRED 3. Pentateuch
SCRIPTURES ❏ The first five books of the Tanakh.
❏ The single most important scripture
of the Jews.
❏ Source of their inspiration and
direction.
❏ The foundation of other Jewish
writings.
 CONCEPT MAP

JUDAISM
SACRED BELIEFS & WORSHIP &
SUBDIVISIONS
SCRIPTURES DOCTRINES OBSERVANCES
BELIEFS &
DOCTRINES
 ❏ Actions are more significant than beliefs.
BELIEFS & ❏ There is one everlasting god who created
DOCTRINES the universe in its entirety and remains the
master of it.
❏ Human beings were created by God who
provided them the capacity to decide what
is right and wrong. Gave them freedom and
responsibility for their own actions.
❏ All humans are created equal.
❏ God can communicate to human through
revelations, while humans can
communicate to Him through prayers and
meditations.
 BELIEFS & THE 13 PRINCIPLES
DOCTRINES OF FAITH OF JUDAISM
1. God is the cause of existence.
2. God is one.
3. God is incorporeal or does not have a
physical body.
4. God is eternal.
5. We serve God exclusively, JEWISH PHILOSOPHER
6. God communicates through prophecy. MOSHE BEN MAIMON
AKA RAMBAm OR MOSES
MAIMONIDES
 BELIEFS & THE 13 PRINCIPLES
DOCTRINES OF FAITH OF JUDAISM
7. Moses is the ultimate prophet.
8. The Torah is of divine origin.
9. There Torah is immutable or cannot be
changed.
JEWISH PHILOSOPHER
10. God is omniscient.
MOSHE BEN MAIMON
AKA RAMBAm OR MOSES
MAIMONIDES
 BELIEFS & THE 13 PRINCIPLES
DOCTRINES OF FAITH OF JUDAISM
11. God will reward the good and punish the
wicked.
12. The Messiah will come.
13. The dead will be resurrected.
JEWISH PHILOSOPHER

MOSHE BEN MAIMON

AKA RAMBAm OR MOSES
MAIMONIDES
 CONCEPT MAP

JUDAISM
SACRED BELIEFS & Worship &
SUBDIVISIONS
SCRIPTURES DOCTRINES observances
 CONCEPT MAP

JUDAISM
Worships &
observances
 Worship &
observances
SABBATH or SHABBAT
● Jewish day of rest
● Commemorates God’s completion of the
creation of the universe and His rest after
the sixth day of toil.
 Worship &
observances
THE DAYS OF AWE
● The days of repentance
● The ten days starting with Rosh Hashanah
and ending with Yom Kippur are commonly
known as the Days of Awe (Yamim
Noraim).
 Worship &
observances HIGH HOLY DAY: ROSH HASHANAH
● “head of the year” or “first of the year,”
● The festival begins on the first day of
Tishri, the seventh month of the Hebrew
calendar, which falls during September or
October.
● Commemorates the creation of the world
and marks the beginning of the Days of
Awe.
 Worship & HIGH HOLY DAY:YOM KIPPUR
observances ● Day of atonement
● Marks the culmination of the 10 Days of
Awe, a period of introspection and
repentance that follows Rosh Hashanah.
● It is on Yom Kippur that God decides each
person’s fate, so Jews are encouraged to
make amends and ask forgiveness for sins
committed during the past year.
● Observed with a 25-hour fast and a
special religious service.
 Worship & HANUKKAH OR CHANUKAH
observances ● The eight-day Jewish celebration which is
also known as feast of the Maccabees,
feast of dedication and festival of lights.
● Commemorates the rededication during the
second century B.C. of the Second Temple
in Jerusalem, where according to legend
Jews had risen up against their
menorah Greek-Syrian oppressors in the Maccabean
Revolt.
 CONCEPT MAP

JUDAISM
SACRED BELIEFS & Worship &
SUBDIVISIONS
SCRIPTURES DOCTRINES observances
 HASIDIC addendum
SUBDIVISIONS Focus more on spiritual experiences over rational knowledge. Fasting is
not a priority, but serving God with joy.

REFORM A liberal category of the religion that

values ethical traditions over strict
Followers promote
progressive ideas and
observance of Jewish laws. adaptation.

Typically known for their strict For instance, most believe Shabbat
ORTHODOX observance shouldn’t involve working, driving or
of traditional Jewish law and rituals. handling money.

Many people consider this form of Honor the traditions of Judaism

CONSERVATIVE Judaism somewhere in between while allowing for some
Orthodox and Reform Judaism. modernization.
 THE STAR OF DAVID OFFICIAL SYMBOL
A simple geometrical figure comprised of two overlaid
equilateral triangles, positioned to create the image of a
six-pointed star.
This symbol is also known as the Shield of David or
the Magen David.
The origins of this symbol stretch into antiquity where it was used in pagan contexts. It’s believed
to have been used as a magical symbol or as decoration. It was occasionally used in Jewish
contexts, but not consistently.
From the 17th century onwards, the Star of David became associated specifically with Judaism,
with the Jewish community in Prague adopting it as their official symbol. In the 19th century, the
Star of David became a universal symbol of Judaism, much like the cross for Christians.
Jews were forced to wear yellow six-pointed stars during the Nazi occupation of Europe, which
made the symbol a representation of bravery, martyrdom, and heroism. Today, the Star of David
features in the center of the flag of Israel.
THE WAILING WALL
or THE WESTERN WALL
is one of the last remaining walls of the
Temple Mount, the elevated plaza in the Old
City of Jerusalem that was the site of both
ancient Jewish temples.
It is the holiest site in Judaism and a place
of pilgrimage and prayer.