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    Chapter 6

    Uploaded by

    ANKIT SHARMA

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 12
    LEARNING OBJECTIVES 6.1 Leadership Qualities and Role of Leader Physkal Education : 2. Creating Leadersthrough Physical limbing,. Trekking, River Rafting, ig ‘Meaning, Objectives and Types of Adventure Sports (Rock Climbing Mountaineering, Surfing and Paragliding) 64 Safety Measures to Prevent Sports injuries hysical activities such as walking, running, climbing, gardening, gaursdalsing eroait enerteoncee eae ovide courage as well as joy to pate, Theke ny idins who take partiH auch Dhteat anbh tee ample ated that such activities are helpfil no two individuals-are, alike: There ia always a degree of n terms of quality, aptitude, skills, etc, These individual people to adopt the path of a leader ar path of fallowers, Leadership has existed from the beginning of w n of human life. This feature cain dlao be seen it e ote lower fs * upliftment of a society depends upon the quality of leadership le tot, ‘The following definitions may be helpful to know the actual meaning of leadership, According to Montgomery The capacity and wii ‘e capacity and will to rally ne Purpose is called leadership SRG ne te arama According to Lit-Pietre and Fatiow rth, % rE f Arhoworth, "Leadershin ig i he behaviour ofthe people mare than their beha our affevte ae i pee nebslete leaders In simple word aoe dership’ may be de: the various facets of life ned as the quality of Person to lead others in want Heatii’ ann Payor AL. Eoveantoy-X] jp is the ability to intentionally provide positiy ders raghers. The leaders should possess qualities A nences on the lives ate vote oadlor must initiate an activity, under the eee ee aed fy to completion. Thus, the leader is said to ‘gi oaeey bashes teak show the rigght pach, act asa model for others and infloemen none ai Se meen! and influence people to work al education, leadership ality of the profession. Itis a critical ng students now preparing for this profession. If = 'ysical education will expand and prosper. But leaders e, the profession of physical education will deteriorate or become worse. jership is the art ¢ ‘ment of professional ns ple to work together harmoniously in the: ache a qualities of Leader rae personal is rofessional qualities which are necessary forleadership j of physical education. These qualitics are mentioned below. 1, Ener -getic: To be energetic is necessary for a leader in the field of physical education. fn fact, tis the basic requirement forthis profession: Affection: Friendliness qualities for a leader in physical education pre g, Friendliness and ad affection are also the necessity < qualities are developed through ames and Olympic Games, especially during training as wellascompetit s profession, 'Th 5. Decisiveness: A leader in the field of physical education should be decisive, He means he should have the ability to take decision sporttaneously ically Skilled: A leader in the field of physical education should be technically skilled. He should be an expertin his discipline and specialisation. ;, Intelligent: A leader of physical education should have intelligence. In) fact individual to find out the possible solution of various: ne should he able to find the simple solution to complex problems, An intelligent leaderof physical education ean bea boon tothis profession: 6, Teaching Skill: A leadey is this field should have deep Iknowledge of various testhing skills. Now, physical education is taught inclassroom asa subject, So, he/she should be efficient in.various teaching methods. Along with this, he/she should be able to use ody language, gestures, expressions; etc 7. Creative: A leader in the field of physical education should be erestive: Suely leaders can produce new. techniques or ideas, which are needed in the field of Physical education. leader in the feld of physical, research work. Noprofession can be, _ } ficla ofphystoal education should have good health mi without any feeling of fatigue nd determination are vital qualitig, adetermination. He/She shoul ne ahould also be dewoted to hig Aleader in the Je for longer duratt Dedicatio Jsghe should have fir tuations. 9, Good Health Suchaleadercan wor 10. Dedication and Determine fora leader in this profession He! fa determined to face even Wore ave 7 hk Motor Capacity: leade of physical edueation misst have high motor fitness 11, High Motor Capac’ sould develop alll the components of physical fitres such 4 cyapdinnative abilities, For this purpos® he/she 8} ; asotrength, speed, endurance, floxibility and ey in this profession should respect other people, ny 2. spect for Other People: A Jeade 12, Rey he does not respect others he/she will not be respect uld be social, He/She aust have to, cooperation, toleranee, helping 18. Social: Ale der in the field if pb: leducation ake brotherhood, symP2 ¥ a ‘a leader is just like an engine social qualiti Without these qualities, profession vari nature, patienc without petrol Decision-maker: Hes honesty, ete ication should be able to discuss A leader of physical edi d decision-maker at right time, hould also be a goo justice’. alty are significant qualities of a leader ould be loyal t his followers. He/She ty: Morality and Je ion. He/She any situation. 15. Morality and Loyal in the field of physical educat his/her morality in should ial and integral to positive ‘a leader should be a good her views in a better way: It Comniunication is esse of physical educatto communis hit sje in teaching and coaching process Communicator So, in the 16. Goa jeadership. communicator. A xt plaveavery effect RoleofaLeader A leader has to perform are described below arious functions and roles in the field of physical education which 1. Structuring the Situation The leader's foremost function 1s to structure the situation for the group membe: he interprets the actual situation by clarifying ambiguities and by emphasizing certain aspects. Then, he/she focuses on the goal. In dai f st constantly strive for objectivity, or he/she may deny important facts and distort the data. If group. members accept hisfher interpretation, ee co-operative behaviour of group is possible. The leader of physical education ee situation minutely. In tournaments or competitions, he/she interprets he complete situation to memt iS i De conics embers ofa team. He/She clarifies doubts and sets go"! 2. Contr ¢ Group Behaviour: i jchaviour: The ; acaitoll minimise certain types of individual be ethers ee ba aR ea ee care: cutoree: isa ak aie the best inte | the group using rewards and punishments, San ORE Eu 3 pun ee Fe aatccemoneecstiaeliay Heenan shee or performg@ili and proves himselffherself an ae ae _____ er forn ge the team. In this way, t i in he ane tale i cei ee g this, hel for the Group: The leader plays a Be mtg pune yng the group's feelings into both words and actions ssi sara for the Group: The leader devices the w a plans all achieve its ends. This comprises both san oa ere ‘ip w the leader to determine what part of the plan would Tlaseatites ne would confide to a select few or to none. Due to this role as ng that successfisl leader can solve all ing f ‘A leader what part hs the followers develop a fe a planner, ae problems ¢ ciently. A leader has every aspect in his/her mind while making a plan poliey. It need a thorough and vivid knowledge to lay out a plan. In the field ysical edticaatio the leader makes both types of plans, i.¢., short-term as well erm pli of Plans: T execute various plans, which he/she constructs velit ofhivher followers. Execution is an important factor in achieving the Jpjectives of the group. It is said that ‘well begun is half done’. So, if plans: uted well, the Js yeapontsibility that the objectives of the group are put well intoall the affairs, inexeeution Helshe does not poke his/her nose, but if he/she does, he she becomes a ‘bottle able plans become zero if those are hot executed well: Se, succens on the way you execute it. A leader executes & plan 5. bxeontl fort and ol sre can be good achievements later on. A leads 8 upe ndles it with great care Leader is the sole representative of the group. In the ice for the whole team, Ifthe team faces any problem, 1 with authorities. He/she fights for the members of thetoam, He/she forward to talk for the team. 1 Controller of Internal Relationship: All matters pertaining to + team like rewards, warnings or, arbitration aire all in The internal differences are settled by the leader. He/she standard of the team. He/she takes decisions disciplinary measures against a iriailure of « plan deper most efficiently. He/she §. Leader as Representative: vader sper s the proble the main person who goes field of sports, the 1 Leader as 6 cipline of the group 0 hands of the leader kes every effort to raise the moral thor his/her own or with the help of others takes mber who is at fault ader as an Exemplar: by his/her quotable examples. He Jer inspires the members of his/her group or team, he sets top norms of conduct, character and idealiam, He/she has all the qualities within himself/herself that he/she would like: among other members of his/her team. The group unity is alsoe forms his/her work whole-heartedly- toincw Treanor be said that the future of physical education is ¥eey bright. In fact, the future of ys education depends on the quality of leadership. So, the leaders who are working, than Profession need to think about these qualities. ‘The leadersof the fubnre must have a qualities. The present-day leaders will have to inculcate appropriate qualities: on jin the lens who are entering in this profession. They should not concentrate on traditional tha: The time is changing fast, so we should use it optimally. The present-day leaders Physical education should adopt the right path. In fact, time is ripe to change themselves eae etriey leaders will also followin the same lines, We should not forget that thu, lute observation powers. They will gean the same dawntrodden path. ‘The leaders in the field of physical education have both types of qualities, Le,, innaj. ‘qualities and acquired qualities, Through the programmes of physical education the acquires qualities can be created and developed successfully. So, leadership can be created ang developed through phyaical education programmes up to a large extent, Regarding creating leaders in the field of physical education, ample opportunities are available ina numbey ofuniversities, institutes, colleges and schools. For creating or making effective and efficient education, stress must be Laid on the following points, tilemdersti patel 1. The foremost point for worl in this area is to analyse which leadership stalls arg already well Sal among the students and which needs pathee lordlonisie So, try to know their current status with the help of various questions such as: Do they vate instructions clearly and encourage haveclear plan of activities? Do they communicate it ° those they lead? Are the students that they are leading motivated, concentrating well) and making progress? 2. After that hou the students of group of students whose leadership skills: you want to improve the most. Decide whether you want to have more students actively’ involved in leadership activities or you want to give the chance to young leaders to further improve their leadership skills, After that observe the signs of improvement) of their leadership skills in organising various sportscompetitions. 8. For improving leadership skills some of the approaches mentioned below can be used: properly (a) Offer studonts a range of leadership roles such as supervising and managing sports activities. They may be appointed captains of different sports teams, Give various responsibilities stich as membership of various committees, off cial duties and ground preparation duties, supporting other students in their! play, organising festivals and assisting toachers and coaches in ranning clubs and teams. leaders in the field of phy (b) Provide them some leadership courses. Make sure that any course you run leads) to an application of the knowledge, skill and understanding ina valuable context. ©) Give them opporttnities to continue developing their skills. Provide a range leadership opportunities that show progression in challenge and complexity, It this way they can progress (d) Recognise the leaders by giving them a force of motivation for other students, 4, It is also necessary to have faith and confidence in students, Show them that youl believe that they can improve theirleadership skills, : p; top or other uniform. This will bey Give them some rewards for showing improve) i sponsibiliti me successful students. 7 So oe ‘The last but not the least ste ve ip ski y n ist step to improve leadership skills throu; ‘sical education 1810 start again. Make proper analysis of successes and Gane areas where there are scope for further improvement, Because it is a well known fact that ther is always room for improvement, Saraswat Heavra ann Prysicas Ebvearion-XI Adventure Sports also popularly lenown porte’. A cre are usually outdoor sports intense and sometim og actions, which create an enim mosphere. Individuals, who ports, compete nieve rather than competing against nie dual. Adventure sport ire related to unlimited thrill wjved in: adventure nment and adventure Pennant, entert : F iis take part in such sports for passion ee i sinment and due to strong urge a illand adventure. By talsing adventure sports one can learn about oneself, ‘and inhibitions and have a sense of achievement or success, ‘These sports + for fan but they have a number of benefits too. Indeed, adventurous sports nse of exhilaration, motivation and confidence. These sports help participants, hence develop the cotitage to free or way. They are motivated 4 Definitions of Adventure Sports Javentirous sports are those sports that involve extraordinary speed, scaling heights, phssical exertion and death-defying stunts. These sports mclude rock climbing, vtaineering, rafting, scuba diving, trekking, base jumping, skiing, hang gliding, d surfing, sky diving, kayaking, ete. The following definitions may be cut meaning of adventure sports. ports can be defined as outdoor sports or activities in which the participant inanatural environment more against himself/herself than. against others, es in which there is 2 high degree of risk to ie participant, In fact, the definition of adventure sports is embedded in its name. ‘These thrilingand adventurous, death-defying feats achieved with a sporting mindset. of these sports require more athletic ability than others but it is @ fact that all need.a strongmental makeup- Objectives of Adventure Sports ae spor -reoften very challenging and up to some exten ave dbjesaves Salas erent rom other types of sports, These sports have thefollawing Obje=s ves |. To Develop Self G 2Teis sn objectives of adventure sports. velop Self Confidence: It is one of the main obj In fact, individuals who enga “iventure aports compete with themselves ; ge in adventure spo : vement when they reach their goal, and therefore have a great sense of achie tialp Thay cversonve fear seed exparioncs Hail /nronacaianaaatied sparse att Ze develop self-confidence, me paragliding, helpful to know Adve compete he cl Adventure sports are defined as activiti an adventure sp Tobuild shat eetaE SS CHGS ee gully an individual yoy 2. To Build Concentration: vii Fl ET eal abits ofextended attention, adve case By va jyrg a tat a series of absorbing ex f BE In this way, he enhances his ability tocone Ee ie eee re Bantitie wte scone ample onpertinitioniow perience nature activities which give participants ample opportuni ee nai fear some closer to nature. They ‘The participants com result of constant exposure tg H th nature ie thus a result 1 ond f nature. This bondi natural environment aa Steaationm:advetoes’enoee nist inst Odd Situations: face challenges f ng traits that prepare the pacar seca opportunities for ine rata peepee toe REE cepabitige to deal withauch tleuations withcourage and GetiGiSinRHGR! ittations with sone s providle participants a posit nergy: Adventure sports pr 5 . dead, fe Gaull real chanelsation far ret abundant energy and eagtveldaa a co Ga RL nergy and enthusiasm in such a. way is bene 1° said that the use of abund energy a holistic development of parti To Face Challenge capabilities to deal with s \ nent and Excitement: Itisalsoa vital objective Ae on a eee se i aration, amusement, excitement, reeréation and to participantsin adventure sp: v To encourage creativity in participants ia another Cadi niGeRpR Ghee allow and encourage creativity the innovative development of new manoew and in the stylish execution of rochniqnes. Develop Me and Physical Fitness; To develop mental and physical fitness is also an importuntobjective of adventure sports. Such spartsinvalve extreme fitness skills. For example, climbing mountuins requires thé use of groups as well as mental sharp all the major muscle 7 Improve Social Relations. T is another objective trekking ample improve social relations among the patticipants the sports such as hiking and rock climbing provide ing the participation in the cori, o™ Sympathy, helping tendancy, Sincerity, pationce, fraternity and tolerana dventure Sports. Most of ping, mountaineering, river rafting CpPortunities to forge social relations. Dung above-mentioned iNalities lik adjustment, group cohesion, unity are developed Types of Adventure § ana Rock Climbing, "Trekking, River Re ing, Mountaineering, Surfing and Paragliding m a The different types of adveti eSports described below 1. Rock Climbing Rock climbing ‘itrong mental ¢ is one which requires ¢ coordinative abilities such In fact, itis anv activity On artificial rock wall of the most ntrol, agility, flexibili as balance Coordination, rea which participants climh he goal is toreach at the AUgerOUS sports activities ty, endurance and varidiié ction, ability, rhythm, ett on natural rock formations of apex or summit of a formatio® inaswant Heaurit ax Ppysyaas Enveatoy—Xy of 0 predetermined falling, To successfully t must petitions nised in, rock climbing titions huve objectives 5 the pre-fixed roiite minimum time or to attain the ip frost point on diffietlt routes, Thor fant terent types of climbing such as iimbing, Free clim Trad ue ‘A i qraditional cl Sport. climbing, op rope lim sloing: ard Rack climbing adventure k to do | it needs a lot of fidence a with we. A trek is a long especially in the mountains. 1 ki refers to making fe long eult journey on the mountains for pleasure or sport Trekking is a part of adventure travel and expedition, The duration of ekking can be as less a8 @ day to over a month. It depends on the particular a personal interest and physical fitness of participants, It is better to make trekking (tips in groups with appropriate planning, Trekking is v beneficial adventurous activity for every individual. Kt helps in bu

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