a.

) Solution: 1+0=1
0.8 + 0.2 = 1
Stochastic
Reason: All of its entries are nonnegative, and the entries of each column sum to 1.

b.) Solution: 0.4 + 0.6 = 1

0.3 + 0.7 = 1
0.2 + 0.8 = 1
Stochastic
Reason: All of its entries are nonnegative, and the entries of each column sum to 1.

c.) Solution: 1/6 + 1/2 + 1/3 = 1

5/12 + 1/4 + 1/3 =1
0 + 0.5 + 0.5 = 1
Stochastic
Reason: All of its entries are nonnegative, and the entries of each column sum to 1.
 A B C
A 1/3 2/9 1/3
B 1/3 4/9 1/6
C 1/3 1/3 1/2
 0 0.2 0.5 Yes it is a regular stochastic matrix because when raised to the 2nd power, all entries are positive.
0.5 0 0.5
0.5 0.8 0

1 0.4 0 Yes this is an absorbing stochastic matrix because an object in state 1 cannot transfer to state 2 and 3 because it has 0 probability while the probability of remaining in state 1 is 1.
0 0.2 0.1
0 0.4 0.9