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Safety Health and Welfare Regulation

Question

a) Give definition of confined spaces and list down 4 examples of confined spaces ?
Berikan definisi ruangan terhad dan senarai turun 4 contoh bilik tertutup?
( 4 marks)

b) What is the four main dangers in confined spaces ?


Berapakah empat bahaya utama dalam bilik tertutup?
(4 marks)

c) There are two main causes of oxygen deficiency. List them out ?
Ada dua punca utama dari kekurangan oksigen. Senarai mereka?
( 4 marks)

d) Testing of atmosphere at all areas( top, middle, bottom ) is important. Give


explanation ?
Ujian atmosfera pada semua kawasan (atas, tengah, bawah) adalah penting.
Berikan penjelasan?
(4 marks)

e) List down 4 common toxic gases can be found in confined spaces ?


Senarai turun 4 gas beracun umum dapat ditemui di ruangan terhad?

( 4 marks )
Answer

a) An enclosed area/space which is not designed or intended for human


occupancy except for performing work : has limited access and egress, has
poor natural ventilation, may be an airborne contaminants exist, may be an
oxygen deficiency.
Suatu kawasan tertutup / ruangan yang tidak dirancang atau bertujuan untuk
hunian manusia kecuali untuk pekerjaan melakukan: mempunyai akses terhad
dan egress, mempunyai pengudaraan semulajadi miskin, mungkin merupakan
pencemar udara ada, mungkin kekurangan oksigen.

b) oxygen deficiency and enrichment, fire or explosion, toxic substances, drowning


in liquids or free-flowing solids
kekurangan oksigen dan pengayaan, kebakaran atau letupan, zat beracun,
tenggelam dalam cecair atau pepejal yang mengalir bebas
Example : Manholes, fuel tanks, sewers, storage tank, process vessel, silos, bins,
trenches
Contoh: Manholes, bahan bakar tank, got, tangki simpanan, proses kapal, silo,
tempat sampah, parit

c) -Oxygen is displaced by gases such as nitrogen( inert gas )


-Oxygen is used up by other activities such as hot work
-Oksigen dipindahkan oleh gas seperti nitrogen (gas inert)
-Oksigen digunakan oleh kegiatan lain seperti kerja panas
( 1 point carry 2 mark )
d) -Some gases are heavier than air and will settle to the bottom of a confined space.
-Some gases are lighter than air and will be found around the top of the confined
space
-Beberapa gas lebih berat daripada udara dan akan mengendap di dasar ruang
tertutup.
-Setiap gas lebih ringan dari udara dan akan ditemui di sekitar bahagian atas
ruang terhad
( 1 point carry 2 mark)

e) Hydrogen Sulphide( H2 S), Methane ( CH4), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon


Monoxide (CO)
( 1 point carry 1 mark )

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