Kriging: Step by step

 Studying the gathered data: data analysis

 Fitting variogram models:
experimental variogram and theoretical
variogram models
 Estimating values at those locations which have
not been sampled (kriging)
e.g. ordinary kriging, simple kriging, indicator
kriging and so on
 Examining standard error which may be used to
quantify confidence levels
 Kriging interpolation
Variogram/Semivariogram
xi xj

=
44 40 42 40 39 37 36

42 43 42 39 39 41 40 38

37 37 37 35 38 37 37 33 34

35 38 35 37 36 36 35

36 35 36 35 34 33 32 29 28

38 37 35 30 29 30 32

HITUNG  (lag h, h=50 m) ?

Experimental

Model
 VARIOGRAM ARAH 0 VARIOGRAM ARAH 45

4,5 6
4
5
3,5
Gamma (h)

Gamma (h)
3 4
2,5
3
2
1,5 2
1
1
0,5
0 0
0 200 400 600 800 0 200 400 600 800
JARAK, h meter JARAK, h meter

VARIOGRAM ARAH 90 VARIOGRAM ARAH 135

5 5

4 4
Gamma (h)

Gamma (h)
3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
0 200 400 600 800 0 200 400 600 800
JARAK, h meter JARAK, h meter
00
450
240

225

270
900

300

1350

N 1300 E
 = sumbu panjang
 (homogen)
a
0 a
45 = sumbu pendek
(heterogen)

 = arah penyebaran
a
a 90
135
Searching Neightborhood
 azimuth
lag 1 lag 2 lag 3
azimuth
lag 1 lag 2 lag 3

azimuth
azimuth
lag 1 lag
lag1 2 lag
lag2 3 lag 3

azimuth
lag 1 lag 2 lag 3
azimuth
lag 1 lag 2 lag 3
   ( h)   1  h Ah 

 cos sin  
Rotation matrix: A   
  sin  cos 
 x1  x 2 
Distance vector h: h   
 y1  y 2 
 Data Bor Eksplorasi Emas

31800
31700
31600
31500
Ordinat

31400
31300
31200
31100
31000
22850 22950 23050 23150 23250 23350 23450 23550 23650 23750 23850

Absis

DIPERLUKAN : TOLERANSI SUDUT + 22,50

TOLERANSI JARAK + 0,5 h

Searching Neightborhood
Isotropy or Anisotropy
 References:

1. Geographic information Analysis by Sullivan, D.

And Unwin, D.
2. Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists by
Richard Webster and Margaret Oliver.
3. Principle of Geographical Information Systems,
Chapter 5 and 6 by Peter Burrough and Rachael
McDonnell.
4. An Introduction to Applied Geostatistics by
Edward Isaaks and Mohan Srivastava.
5. Quality Aspects in Spatial Data Mining by Alfred
Stein, Wenzhong Shi and Wietske Bijker.
6. Geostatistics: Kriging by Rangsima Sunila, D.Sc,
Email : winarnoeddy@gmail.com
Hp : 08174125876