5.1.

Introduction

As was previously stated for the project, this will be an antenna with a microstrip patch. The type
of substrate, its length and width, the length and width of the antenna patch, the antenna patch
feedline, the frequency, and other aspects should all be taken into consideration while making an
antenna. Together, these factors created an antenna that, in order to be classified as an antenna,
must have a minimum S11 value. Antennas are arranged on a single surface in a microstrip
patch. The input impedance is the same for all of them. They all function concurrently in their
respective frequency bands. They consequently influence each other's radiation pattern. Another
working antenna close by can absorb energy that is radiated from one. As a result, the antenna
efficiency decreases and the return loss increases.

5.2 DESIGN IN CST MWS:

The project work has been done virtually by the simulation software CST STUDIO. For antenna
designing substrate was selected PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) and for the patch material
Graphene and rGO selected. But in the CST STUDIO there was no graphene or rGO. That’s why
from some research determined graphene and rGO material in the CST STUDIO.
5.2.1 Design and parameters.
Design A:
The Antenna design was implemented on PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) substrate. The
substrate is flexible and transparent. The size of the substrate was taken as 20*15mm. And
substrate thickness was taken 1. 2mm. For the patch design we did circular shape and cut in the
middle three point. Then transmission line created with the patch. The impendence of the
feedline was taken 50ohm. After that port coefficient calculated and created waveguide port for
the power connection. After the port has created the simulation was done from 2-10 GHz
frequency range.
Table 5.1 : Parameter value for antenna designing
Parameter Dimension (mm)
Gt 0.2
Ppt 0.2
Trp 0.2
Tr 1
St 1.2
Pw3 5
Pl3 5
Rp 6
Trl 10
Gw 15
Sw 15
gl 20
Sl 20

Figure: Front view Figure: Back view Figure: Bottom View

Table 5.2 : Parameter value for antenna designing

Parameter Dimension(mm)
Gt 0.1
Pt 0.2
St 1.2
Pw 12
Pl 14
Gw 15
Sw 15
Gl 20
Sl 20
Figure: Front view Figure: Back view Figure: Bottom View

Design B:

The design was implemented on textile materials substrate.The substrate s low cost material and
flexiable.The size of the substrate was taken 20*15 mm. The thikness of the substrate was taken
1.2mm and the ground thikness was taken 0.1 mm and the patch thikness was taken 0.2 mm . For
the ideal result in the patch two circle of portion removed and one corner is bended and other
corner was cut form the patch. After that transmission line created.In the transmission line port
cofficienct was calculated for the waveguide port.At the end of the created port design simulation
done cst studio from 2-12 GHz range. For the better performance different type of textile
material (cotton,silk,polyester,pec) used and checked one by one for the best perforce.

5.3. Summary:
The design method with parameters was covered in this chapter and every single value is given
also. Not only parameter and values but also the detailing procedure how the project was carried
out using simulation software.