Name : Juliet kanana

Biology:

Plant Cell Animal cell

Cell organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions. These
organelles are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, but eukaryotic cells typically have
a greater variety of organelles.
Here are some of the most important organelles found in eukaryotic cells:
1. Nucleus: The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It contains the cell's DNA, which
carries genetic information that is passed down from one generation to the next.
2. Mitochondria: Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the cell. They
convert the energy stored in food molecules into ATP, which is used by the cell for
various processes.
3. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): The ER is a network of membranes that is involved in the
synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids. There are two types of ER: rough ER,
which has ribosomes attached to its surface, and smooth ER, which does not.
4. Golgi apparatus: The Golgi apparatus is involved in the processing and packaging of
proteins and lipids for transport to other parts of the cell or for secretion outside the
cell.
5. Lysosomes: Lysosomes are involved in the breakdown of various materials within the
cell. They contain enzymes that can break down proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.
6. Peroxisomes: Peroxisomes are similar to lysosomes, but they specialize in breaking down
fatty acids and other toxins.
 7. Cytoskeleton: The cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that provides structure and
support for the cell. It is also involved in various cellular processes, such as cell division
and movement.
8. Chloroplasts: Chloroplasts are found in plant cells and are responsible for
photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.
9. Vacuoles: Vacuoles are storage organelles that can store various substances, such as
water, nutrients, and waste products.

Differences between plant cell and Animal cell

Animal cells and plant cells are both types of eukaryotic cells and share some similarities in
terms of organelles and basic structures, but there are also some important differences
between the two:
1. Cell Wall: Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose, while animal cells do not have a
cell wall.
2. Shape: Animal cells tend to be round or irregular in shape, while plant cells tend to be
rectangular or square-shaped.
3. Chloroplasts: Plant cells have chloroplasts which are responsible for photosynthesis,
while animal cells do not have chloroplasts.
4. Vacuoles: Plant cells have one or more large central vacuoles, which help to maintain the
cell's shape and store nutrients and waste products, while animal cells have smaller and
less prominent vacuoles.
5. Centrioles: Animal cells have centrioles, which are involved in cell division, while plant
cells do not have centrioles.
6. Plasmodesmata: Plant cells are connected by plasmodesmata, which are small channels
that allow for communication and transport of materials between neighboring cells,
while animal cells are not connected in this way.
7. Mitosis: The process of mitosis is different in animal and plant cells. In animal cells, the
cell membrane pinches inward to form a cleavage furrow, while in plant cells, a cell plate
forms between the two daughter cells.