Laboratory shaker machine

Introduction

Laboratory mixers and shakers are instruments that help to form a homogenous mixture from
more than one ingredient. It shakes the mixtures that are placed on them through Plates vibrate
back and forth or circularly to mix the components.

Basic feature of market analysis

There are many things that vary in different laboratory shakers. The most magnificent thing is,
look at the vibration speed, how adjustable the speed is, and if the plate tilts as well as vibrates.

Most common parameters kept under considerations

 Vibration speed
 How adjustable the speed is
 Motor power
 Simplicity of maintenance
 Simplicity of user interface
 Noise free operation

Among customers need the most important parameter of shaker is what types of motor should be
used.

List of technical specification of market industries

Lab electric blood shaker

 Motor types- dc motor

 Speed range 10-70rpm
 Tilt angle 0-90 degree

LED digital orbital shaker

 Motor input power -16W

 Motor output power 10W
 Motor type – Dc motor

IKA kS 130 shaker

 Torque range 0-800rpm

 Power input 45W
 Output power 10W
 Motor type
  Rotation type - orbital

Fiber Orbital Shaker

 Motor type- brushless DC motor
 Motor speed- 50rpm~300rpm
 Power consumption 50W

Electrical components specification

1. Motor:-

As I tried to investigate, there must be basic specification of motor to satisfy desire performance
of the machine. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to compare and contrast basic
characteristics of motors.

Among them the common types of motors are AC and DC motor

There are many differences between AC and DC motors. The most obvious difference is the type
of current each motor turns into energy, alternating current in the case of AC motors, and direct
current in the case of DC motors.

Ac motor

AC motors are known for their increased power output and efficiency. AC motors are efficient,
durable, quiet and flexible

DC motor

The energy used by a DC motor comes from batteries or another generated power source that
offers constant voltage. DC motors are made up of several parts, the most notable of which
include bearings, shafts and a gearbox or gears.
The two types of DC motors include:

 Brushed: brushed motors are internally commutated electric motors powered by direct
current. Brushed motors are constructed of a rotor, brushes, an axle and charge and polarity
of the brushes control the direction and speed of the motor.
 Brushless: are constructed in the same fashion as brushed motors, minus, of course, the
brushes. Brushless motors also include specialized circuitry to control speed and direction.
In brushless motors, magnets are mounted around the rotor, a configuration that improves
efficiency.

DC motors have the advantage of higher starting torque, quick starting and stopping, reversing,
variable speeds with voltage input and they are easier and cheaper to control than AC. DC
motors offer better speed variation and control and produce more torque than AC motors.

According to the technical specification I used to list above brushless DC motor can satisfy
customers need.

Brushless DC motor

 Better speed variation

 Wide range of speed and direction control
 Can produce high torque
 Simple for maintenance
 Quite noise free operation

Brushless DC motors are available in the market with 12 /24V.

In our design we need one geared powerful DC motor with to drive the left three rotating legs.
And also the input power of dc motor needs from 24-48W.

Mathematically, P=VI, V=24V and I=2A, while we need power supply can generate desire
voltage.
 Potentiometer

It is used in the project to increase or decrease the speed of the motor.

Push button

It is used for user interface adjusting time and speed while necessary.
 LCD display

It used to display parameters like time and rpm to the user.

Mosfet

It is used to produce very low-resistance silicon regions with advanced processing techniques
and high switching speed of the motor from microcontroller.

Diode

Diode is used in order to avoid back flow of current from motor power source to microcontroller.
 Atmega328p

Features:

 Processors are simpler to use, with the usage of 8bit and 16bit instead of 32/64bit which are more
complex
 Readily usable without additional computing components with 32k bytes of onboard self-
programmable flash program memory as well as 23 programmable I/O lines
 Code Efficient, all 31 registers are directly connected to the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), making
it 10 times faster than conventional Complex and Reduced Instruction Set Computer
microcontrollers
 Programming is simple and commercially available from Ethiopia.
 Resistor

8-segment display

Eight-segment display is a type of display based on eight segments that can be turned on or off
according to the graphic pattern to be produced.
LED Indicator

Buzzer

Ceramic capacitor
 Crystal oscillator

It delivers only required amount of voltage to the input of the atmega328p and controls the DC
power supply utilized by the microcontroller and other peripheral devices. With the help of
crystal oscillator the microcontroller is able to calculate the time.

Wire