TOPIC: SPECTROSCOPY AND ELECTRON TRANSITIONS

VARIABLES
Independent Moles of copper (II) Will be manipulated by
chloride. the creation of the
solution.

Dependent Time of colorful Will be according to the

combustion. independent variable.

Controlled - Airflow The two volumes will be

- Volume of gas controlled by my own
delivered and the airflow will be
- Volume of water according to the room.

CONTEXT OF THE INVESTIGATION

● The subject of electron transitions in an atom and likewise the spectroscopy that they
produce, is an impressive item from my point of view. From a simple street light
illuminated by sodium to fascinating Aurora Borealis it demonstrates the different
implications that this process has in each atom and its consequent effect. But, what is the
reason which makes the chemists introduce this study? Well, most of the time it is
specifically to identify the different forms of electromagnetic radiation and how they
interact with atoms and molecules.

Despite all the discoveries that are accompanied by this magnificent process, I wanted to
focus on one in particular. As we already know, the different metals when related to fire
have different colors according to their properties, however, I have had doubts as to how
long their combustion lasts when in contact with fire. I am very intrigued to know how
the different portions and amounts applied to the solution of a metal salt can be varied
as long as their color lasts. With the answer that I will generate from this question, I will
be able to identify the advantages of a higher concentration in the solution of the metal
with which I will be working.

It should be emphasized that being thermal energy, and being tested in a laboratory,
environmental considerations are not harmful to it, however, safety precautions must be
taken into account since you will be working with fire.

RESEARCH QUESTION

● Depending on the moles in the solution of the copper (II) chloride, for how long does the
colorful combustion be maintained?
HYPOTHESIS

● As the amount of moles of each metal salt is added to the conical flask and mixed with
the dry spill, a colorful combustion reaction will occur, even though the time of the
reaction will not be longer in dependence of the metal. So the time in which copper lasts
will increase proportionally in relation to their own composition.

MATERIALS

● 0.1 M copper(II) chloride

○ 400ml of Hydrochloric acid HCl (can be bought as muriatic acid for etching
concrete dilute to 15%)
○ 200ml of Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 (Can be bought online and as pool shock.
○ Dilute to 15%)
○ 20g of Pure copper metal. (Pure Copper wire)
● 10 dry spills
● 10 matches

EQUIPMENT

● 2 Conical flask (250cm3)

● Bunsen burner or adjustable commercial blow torch.
● 600ml small beaker
● 2 medium beaker of 800ml
● Dropper
● Funnel
● Hot plate
● Stir rod
● 6 Petri dishes

PROCEDURE

● 1 mole of copper (II) chloride solution preparation

1. Add the 400ml of Hydrochloric acid to a Conical Flask
2. Add the 200ml of Hydrogen peroxide in the smaller beaker
3. Add the 20g of pure copper metal in the medium beaker
4. Add the Hydrochloric acid to the 20g of pure copper metal until it covers it.
5. With the dropper add slowly drops of Hydrogen peroxide into the 20g of pure
copper metal, keep adding until it stops bubbling.(Solution of CuCl2 and water)
6. Keep adding Hydrogen peroxide until the copper dissolves.
7. With another 600ml beaker with a funnel, filter the solution to remove any
pieces of undissolved copper.
 8. Place the beaker with the filter solution in a hot plate to boil the solution while
stirring it with a stir rod to prevent bumping. (reach the point where the solution
has a crystal appareance)
9. Put the crystals on petri dishes and leave them in the sun to dry.
10. Grind the crystals in a mortar and pestle and then put them back in the petri
dishes.
11. Finally, let them dry for one week for them to have a bluish color and then grind
them until no lumps remain.

● Combustion Procedure
1. Put a dry spill into the copper (II) chloride solution in conical flasks and leave it .
2. Use a dry spill to light the Bunsen.
3. Take the spill from the conical flasks containing the copper (II) sulfate solution.
4. Wave your spill over the Bunsen flame and observe its color and how it lasts.
5. Then extinguish the used spill and dispose of it.
6. Record the copper (II) chloride solution and how much the flame color lasts.

DATA TABLE

Volume of the Moles of copper (II) chloride Time of

solution solution combustion
+- 0.5 ml +- 0.5 mol +- 0.01 s

1 1 -

2 2 -

3 3 -

4 4 -

5 5 -

SOURCES

● Academy, K. (2012). Espectroscopía: La Interacción de la Luz y la materia (artículo). Khan

Academy. Retrieved April 5, 2022, from
https://es.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry/electronic-structure-of-atoms-ap/b
ohr-model-hydrogen-ap/a/spectroscopy-interaction-of-light-and-matter
● Emilsson, C. (2021). Kognity. App. Retrieved April 5, 2022, from
https://app.kognity.com/study/app/2023-ibdp-chemistry-sl/sid-65-cid-145831/book/
the-big-picture-id-5077/
● T, E. (2015, August 13). Flame tests using metal salts. RSC Education. Retrieved April 5,
2022, from https://edu.rsc.org/resources/flame-tests-using-metal-salts/1875.article
● College, L. (2011, August). 22-concentration of solutions - laney college. Experiment 22 -
Concentration of Solutions. Retrieved April 5, 2022, from
https://laney.edu/cheli-fossum/wp-content/uploads/sites/210/2011/08/22-Concentr
ation-of-solutions.pdf
● Chemicals, 99. (2011). How to make Copper II chloride dihydrate PCB etchant ... How to
Make Copper II Chloride. Retrieved April 6, 2022, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8O_vPPGuG4