Me: Hello and good morning class, my name is Ryan Paul

Gomez and I am your teacher for today’s lesson, which

talk about THE LEARNER CENTERED
PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES
Me: But before we proceed to our discussion, DO YOU
AGREE THAT THE LEARNER IS THE CENTER OF
INSTRUCTION? Yes, of course, because the world of
instruction revolves around the learner.
Me: Okay, lets now proceed to our lesson which is “The
Learner Centered Psychological Principles”
Me: What is The Learner Centered Psychological
Principles?
Me: First and foremost, it talks about the 14 psychological
principles.
Me: These 14 principles have the following aspects:
 (First), they focus on psychological factors that are
primarily internal (to the learner or within the learner)
and under the control of the learners.
 It also attempts to acknowledge external environment
or contextual factors that interact with these internal
factors.
 These principles (also) are intended to deal
holistically with learners in the context of real-world
learning situations.
  (These 14 principles are) Divided into 4 categories.
(Later on, I will discuss what are those 4 categories
and what are those fourteen psychological principles).
 (Finally) These principles are intended to apply to all
learners. (From children, to teachers, to
administrators, to parents, and to community
members involved in our educational system.)
Me: Okay, we have here the 14-learner centered
psychological principles. As you can see, they are divided
in 4 categories. The first category is the Cognitive and
metacognitive factors, under on it has 6 principles. The
second category is the Motivational and Affective factors,
it has 3 principles under on it. The third one, is the
Developmental and Social Factors, under on it has 2
principles. And lastly the Individual differences factors
which has 3 principles under on it.
Me: So now, we will start on the first category which is the
Cognitive and Metacognitive Factors.
Me: The first Principle is the Nature of the Learning
Process, and it states here that “The learning of complex
subject matter is most effective when it is an intentional
process of constructing meaning from information and
experience.”
Me: The best example for this learning process is learning
in school where it emphasizes the use of intentional
process. Why? Because the teacher or the instructor
already knows what he/she will be going to teach, in order
for the students to construct meaning from information,
experiences, and their own thoughts and beliefs.
Me: Now, lets us find out what are the characteristics of a
Successful Learner?
Me: A successful learner is:
 Active;
 Goal Directive;
 Self-regulating and;
 Assume Personal Responsibility for contributing to
their own learning.
Me: The second principle (under the cognitive &
metacognitive factors) is Goals of learning process. It
states here that “the successful learner, overtime and with
support and instructional guidance, can create meaningful,
coherent representations of knowledge.”
Me: The strategic nature of these learning process
requires student to be goal-directed.
Me: So, the primary role of an educator here must assist
learners in creating meaningful learning goals that are
consistent with both personal and educational aspirations
and interests.
Me: And that’s the second principle, now, we will move on
to the next principle of learning process which is the
Construction of Knowledge. It states here that “the
successful learner can link new information with existing
knowledge in meaningful ways.”
Me: Knowledge widens and deepens as students continue
to build links between new information and experiences
and their existing knowledge base. The nature of these
principle can take a variety of forms, such as adding,
modifying, or recognizing existing knowledge or skills.
These links are made or developed may vary in different
subject areas, and among students with varying talents,
interests and abilities. However, unless new knowledge
and understanding, this new knowledge remains isolated,
or cannot be used most effectively in new task, and does
not transfer readily to new situations.
Me: So, the role of educators here in this principle must
assist learners in acquiring and integrating knowledge by a
number of strategies that have been shown to be effective
with learners of varying abilities, such as concept mapping
and thematic organization or categorizing.
Me: And that is the third principle is all about.
Me: We will proceed to fourth principle which is the
Strategic Thinking. It states here that “The successful
learner can create and use a repertoire of thinking and
reasoning strategies to achieve complex learning goals.”
Me: Therefore, successful learners use strategic thinking
in their approach to learning, reasoning, problem solving
and concept learning. They understand and can use a
variety of strategies to help them reach learning and
performance goals, and to apply their knowledge in novel
situations (novel situation means a scenario that’s is
unique or unexpected).
Me: So, main role of an educator here is to enhance the
learning outcomes, by assisting learners in developing,
applying and assessing their strategic learning skills.
Me: The fifth principle of learning process is Thinking
about thinking. It states here that “Higher order
strategies for selecting and monitoring mental operations
facilitate creative and critical thinking”
Me: It means that a successful learners can reflect on how
they think and learn, set reasonable learning or
performance goals, select potentially appropriate learning
strategies or methods, and monitor their progress toward
these goals.
Me: In addition, successful learners know what to do if a
problem occurs or if they are not making sufficient or
timely progress toward a goal.
Me: So, the main role of an educator here is to provide
and Instructional methods of teaching, that focus on
helping learners develop their higher order thinking
strategies, to enhance student learning and personal
responsibility for learning.
Me: Uhm, class I think I am running out of time, so, the
next instructor will continue this lesson about the 14-
learner centered psychological principles. Thank you for
listening class, always remember “The capacity to learn is
a gift; the ability to learn is a skill; the willingness to learn
is a choice.” Have a great day, good bye!