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1. Styles of Arts

Art Styles Overview

Styles of Arts
There are many different styles of art, ranging from ancient to contemporary, and
encompassing a wide range of techniques, themes, and aesthetics. Here are some of the
most notable styles of art:

Realism: This style aims to depict the world as it is, with a focus on accuracy and detail.

Impressionism: This style emerged in the late 19th century and is characterized by loose
brushwork, an emphasis on light and color, and an interest in capturing the fleeting
moments of everyday life.

Cubism: Developed by artists such as Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque in the early 20 th
century, this style breaks down objects into geometric shapes and angles, offering multiple
perspectives at once.

Surrealism: This style emerged in the 1920s and is characterized by dreamlike, often bizarre
imagery that challenges conventional notions of reality.

Abstract expressionism: Developed in the United States in the 1940s and 1950s, this style is
marked by large, gestural brushstrokes and an emphasis on the physical act of painting.

Pop art: This style emerged in the 1950s and is characterized by the use of images and icons
from popular culture, such as advertisements and comic books.
 Minimalism: This style emerged in the 1960s and is characterized by a pared-down,
geometric aesthetic that emphasizes simplicity and clarity.

Conceptual art: This style emerged in the 1960s and is characterized by an emphasis on
ideas and concepts over the visual aesthetic of the artwork.

Postmodernism: This style emerged in the late 20th century and is characterized by a
rejection of the idea of a single, objective truth, as well as a mixing of styles and media.

Street art: This style encompasses a range of urban art forms, such as graffiti, murals, and
installations, often created without official permission and with a focus on social and
political commentary.

2. Methods of presenting the art subject

There are several methods of presenting the art subject, including:

Lectures: Lectures are a common way of presenting art subjects. They can be given in a
classroom setting or as part of an online course. Lectures are typically delivered by an art
historian or art expert and can cover a wide range of topics, from art history to contemporary
art.

Gallery tours: Gallery tours are another way of presenting art subjects. These tours are usually
led by a curator or art expert and take place in an art gallery or museum. The tour guide will
discuss the artworks on display, providing context and insight into the artist’s work.

Artist talks: Artist talks are presentations given by the artist themselves. They can take place in
a variety of settings, including galleries, museums, and academic institutions. Artist talks
provide an opportunity for the artist to discuss their work, their creative process, and their
inspiration.
Workshops: Workshops are hands-on learning experiences where participants create their own
artwork. Workshops can focus on a specific medium, such as painting or sculpture, or they can
be more general, covering a range of artistic techniques.

Online courses: Online courses are becoming increasingly popular for presenting art subjects.
These courses are typically self-paced and can cover a wide range of topics, from art history to
specific artistic techniques. Online courses can be a great option for people who want to learn
about art but cannot attend in-person classes or workshops.

Exhibitions: Art exhibitions are another way of presenting art subjects. They can be curated
around a specific theme or artist and are usually held in galleries or museums. Exhibitions
provide an opportunity for people to view and appreciate artwork in person.

2. Art as a product of imagination, imagination as a product of art

Art and imagination are closely intertwined. Art is often considered a product of
imagination because it involves the creation of something new and original that originates
from the artist’s mind. Imagination, in turn, is often stimulated by art. When we look at a
work of art, it can inspire us to think creatively and imagine new possibilities.

Artists use their imagination to create their work, whether it’s a painting, sculpture, or
performance. They draw on their own experiences, emotions, and perceptions to produce
something unique and original. Through their art, they can express their innermost thoughts
and feelings, and share them with others.
PAINTING
a. History of painting
The history of painting dates back to ancient times, with some of the earliest examples
found in prehistoric cave paintings. These paintings were created using natural pigments
such as charcoal, ochre, and clay and were used to depict hunting scenes, animals, and
other aspects of daily life

b. Famous Foreign Painters

There have been many famous foreign painters throughout history, and here are just a few
examples:
 Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) – An Italian Renaissance artist known for his iconic works
such as the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.

Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890) – A Dutch Post-Impressionist painter known for his bold use
of color and expressive brushstrokes. Some of his famous works include Starry Night and
Sunflowers.

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) – A Spanish painter and sculptor who is widely considered one of
the most important artists of the 20th century. His works include Les Demoiselles d’Avignon
and Guernica.

Claude Monet (1840-1926) – A French Impressionist painter known for his use of light and
color in works such as Water Lilies and Haystacks.

Salvador Dali (1904-1989) – A Spanish Surrealist painter known for his surreal and dreamlike
imagery in works such as The Persistence of Memory.

Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669) – A Dutch painter known for his portraits and landscapes,
as well as his use of light and shadow. Some of his famous works include The Night Watch
and The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp.

Michelangelo (1475-1564) – An Italian artist known for his contributions to painting,

sculpture, and architecture. His works include the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and the
sculpture David.

Edvard Munch (1863-1944) – A Norwegian painter and printmaker known for his expressive
and emotionally charged works, including The Scream.
c. Historical Background of Painting in the Philippines
The history of painting in the Philippines can be traced back to pre-colonial times, with
indigenous peoples creating art on various surfaces such as bark cloth, tree bark, and animal
hides. These early works of art often featured abstract patterns and designs and were created
using natural pigments such as charcoal, clay, and plant juices.

d. Great Filipino Painters

There have been many great Filipino painters throughout history, and here are just a few
examples:

Juan Luna (1857-1899) – One of the most prominent painters in Philippine history, Luna was
known for his romantic and historical paintings. His most famous work is the Spoliarium, which
won a gold medal at the 1884 Madrid Exposition.

Fernando Amorsolo (1892-1972) – A prominent figure in Philippine art, Amorsolo was known
for his idyllic and colorful paintings of rural life in the Philippines. He was also the first Filipino
artist to be honored with the title National Artist of the Philippines.

Vicente Manansala (1910-1981) – A cubist painter, Manansala was known for his colorful
depictions of Philippine life and culture. His works are characterized by their intricate patterns
and vibrant colors.

Carlos “Botong” Francisco (1912-1969) – A muralist and painter, Francisco is known for his
large-scale murals depicting Philippine history and folklore. He is considered one of the most
important Filipino artists of the 20th century.

Jose Joya (1931-1995) – An abstract painter, Joya was known for his bold use of color and form.
His works are characterized by their abstract and expressive qualities.

Benedicto Cabrera, or BenCab (born 1942) – A contemporary artist, BenCab is known for his
expressionist paintings and prints. He has won numerous awards and is widely regarded as one
of the most important Filipino artists of his generation.
e. Types of Painting
There are many types of painting, each with its own unique characteristics, styles, and
techniques. Here are some of the most common types of painting:
Oil Painting – This is one of the most popular types of painting, where pigments are mixed with
oil to create a range of colors and textures. Oil paint is slow drying, allowing for the blending
and layering of colors.

Acrylic Painting – Acrylic paint is made from a plastic polymer and is water-soluble. It dries
quickly, making it a popular choice for artists who work quickly or like to build up layers of
paint.

Watercolor Painting – Watercolor is a painting technique where pigments are mixed with water
to create translucent colors. This type of painting requires a light hand and a mastery of water
control.

Pastel Painting – Pastel painting uses soft, chalky sticks of pigment to create rich and vibrant
colors. Pastel paintings can have a range of textures, from smooth and blended to rough and
scratchy.

Encaustic Painting – Encaustic painting uses heated beeswax mixed with pigments to create a
range of colors and textures. This type of painting allows for a lot of depth and texture in the
finished work.

Fresco Painting – Fresco is a painting technique where pigments are applied to a wet plaster
surface. The pigments mix with the wet plaster to create a long-lasting and durable painting.

Spray Painting – Spray painting is a technique where paint is sprayed onto a surface using a
canister or spray gun. This type of painting is often used for graffiti or street art.
f.Elements of Painting
The elements of painting are the fundamental components that artists use to create a work of
art. These elements include:
Line – Lines are the most basic element of painting, created by the movement of a pen, brush,
or other tool. They can be used to create a range of effects, from bold and heavy to light and
delicate.

Shape – Shapes are created by lines and can be either geometric (e.g., squares, circles) or
organic (e.g., shapes found in nature). Shapes can create a sense of depth and perspective in a
painting.

Color – Color is one of the most important elements of painting, and can evoke a range of
emotions and moods. Colors can be mixed to create a range of hues and shades, and can be
used to create a sense of balance and harmony in a painting.

Texture – Texture is the surface quality of a painting, created by the use of different materials,
brushstrokes, and techniques. Texture can add depth and interest to a painting, and can create
a sense of movement and energy.

Value – Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. It can be used to create contrast
and depth in a painting, and can help to create a sense of form and volume.

Space – Space refers to the area around, between, and within objects in a painting. It can be
used to create a sense of depth and perspective, and can create a sense of atmosphere and
mood.

Form – Form refers to the three-dimensional quality of an object in a painting. It can be created
through the use of light and shadow, and can help to create a sense of volume and weight.