Language1 Language2

Remember this idiomatic expression from the Now put the expressions from the exercise
article,meaningthat somethingis very expensive: opposite into the sentencesbelow:
It'll cost )tou Ltndrm dnd a leg! 1 . I h a dt o t h i n k .... before
Lots of expressions in English have the word 'and' I decidedto becomc an organ donor.
in the middle.For example:sa/f and pepper.There
2. lt's amazingthat this is still a controversial
are two things to know about these expressions:
issuein this . .
|. The order neverchanges- you neversay 'cost
3. It's a complicatedissue.Therc'sno simple
rr leg ar-rcl
an arm.'
'and' answer.It's not
2. Thc words beforear-rdafter are almost
rtlwrrvsthe sanreword class- 'arm' and 'leg' 4. Maybe some day peoplewill changetheir
are both nouns. attitude towards organ donation - we'll just
Match the words below. The first one has been have to
done for you as an example. 5.In somecountriespeoplewho are willing to
l. sick donatetheir organsare
a. and age
wait b. and hard 6. Theseare . . ethicalquestions,not
medicalquestions.
black c. and far between
leaps 7. Finding an organ donor usedto be more
d. and bounds
difficult, but the situation has improved by
in this clay e. and white
few f. and foremost
8 . Peopleare . . of being
fi rst g. and tired
oushed around bv debt collectors.
think krng h. and see

Discussion
Answer these questions in pairs or small
groups:
l. Do you think one day doctors will be
shoppingfor organson the internet?
Is there rrnythir-rg
wrong with selling
organs?
2. Would yor-rmind having your body cur up
for thc sakeof scienceafter you die?
Woulcl vou plrt a limit on what they can
take?
.1.What woulcl vou tell a personwho is
"This
consideringl'recorningan organ donor? is the wctrstpart of the job - hauing
What wor-rldyou say to encollrageor to clear up dfter a Rugby International!"
cliscourage
her/him?
4. How do ,voufeel abor-rtusing animal organsin human beings?How about r-rsing
a monkey'sheart?
Wotrlclyou like the eyesof a pig?
.5.N'lanypeopledon't have the time or just can't be botheredto get an organ donor card. Some
countrieswant a new systemwhere doctors automaticallyhave permissionto take your organs
urrlcssvou havc il card which saysthat you are not an organ donor. A systemlike this one could
simplify:rnd speedthings up at hospitalsand savelives.'Wouldyou be in favour of a systemlike
this?

Taboosand /ssues The sale of human organs 18

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Discussion A
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Work in pairs. Answer the questions below: I
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How much do you know about HIV? I
1. HtV infectioncanbe passed
on by which I
2. Mark the following true (T) or false (F): I
of the followingmeans:
a. heterosexualsexual intercourse
a . A I D S a n d H I V a r e t h e s a m et h i n e . I
b.
c.
homosexualsexualintercourse
kissing
b . A n H I V t e s lw i l l s h o w i m m e d i a r e l yi f
someoneis infectedwith HlV. I
c . C u r r e n tt r e a t m e n ct a n e l i m i n a t et h e H I V
d. u s i n gi n f e c t e di n j e c t i o ne q u i p m e n t
infectionin some people.

Find out the correct answers from your

Note: Although you mdy still hear the
teacher.
term AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency
longer ttsed widely by doctors. Tbey prefey
effectiue treatments, someone with FiIv
syndrome) it is nr.t
tcttalk'of uir-rroge' or,aduanced Hlv infection,.
Before
I
almost cert;inty-drlrrtoprd.AlDs. This is no
longer the case.

Reading
Answer these questions with a partner.
Then read the information below to find the
answers:
1. Which area of the world is mosr affected
by HIV?
2. Is there a cure for HIV?

I
3. Are more men or more women affected
by HIV?
4. Which age group is mosr affected bv
HIV?

1. HIV in the world

There were 33.4 million people
i n f e c t e dw i t h H I V a r o u n d t h e w o r l d
r n 1 9 9 9 :2 2 . 5 m i l l i o n i n s u b _ S a h a r a n
Afric:i,6.7 million in South and
S o u t h - e a sAt s i a , i . 4 m i l l i o n i n L a t i n
A m e r i c aa n d 0 . 2 m i l l i o n i n t h e U S A .
T h e r ea r e a b o u t 9 , 0 0 0 n e w i n f e c t i o n s
each day - 90"k of these in
d e v e l o p i n g c o u n t r i e s .M o r e t h a n l 4
million people have alreadydied of
t h e d i s e a s e i,n c l u d i n g2 . 5 m i l l i o n i n
19 9 8 .
2. Treatment
Although there is no actual cure,
drugs are now available which
suppress thc progress ol
HIV
i n f e c t i o na n d m a n y s u f f e r e r sc a n l i v e
r e l a t i v e l yl o n g a n d h e a l t h y l i v e s . F o r
most people with HlV, however,
recent advances in treatment will
h a v e l i t t l e i n r p a c t .T h e h i g h c o s t
of
d e v e l o p i n ga n d p r o d u c i n g n e w d r u g s
a n d t h e l a c k o f a v a i l a b l em o n e y f o r
h e a l t h c a r ei n m a n y c o u n t r i e sm a k e i t
u n l i k e l yt h a tn e w t r e a t m e n twsi l l e v e r 5. Obstacles
b e w i d e l ya v a i l a b l ei n t h ed e v e l o p i n gS o m e t i m e s ,f o r r e l i g i o u s ,c u l t u r a l o r
world. e c o n o m t c r e a s o n s /i t c a n b e d i f f i c u l t
3. Who is most affected? for people to use concJoms and
T h r o u g h o ut th e w o r l d ,r o u g h l ye q u a l protect themselvesand their partners.
n u m b e r so f m e n a n d w o m e n a r e A woman who is economically
infected. But HIV mostly affects oependent on a man may find it
y o u n g a d u l t sa n d p e o p l e i n e a r l y impossible to ask for slter ser.
m i d d l e a g e . T h e s ea r e t h e p e o p l e Women are most commonly infected
w h o r a i s et h e c h i l d r e n ,s u p p o r t h e through unprotected sex with their
elderly and build a country,s husbands or long
term partners.
economy.The loss of such people Some governmentsdo not accept that
h a s h a d a n d w i l l c o n t i n u et o h a v ea HIV is a problem for them at all. A
seriouseffect on the economiesof few national leaders even rleny that
s o m ec o u n t r i e sp, a r t i c u l a r l iyn s o m e s o m e b e h a v i o u rh a p p e n s ,s u c n a s s e x
areasof Africa. b e t w e e n m e n o r d r u g i n j e c t i n g .T h i s
4. Stoppingthe epidemic c a n m a k e i t p a r t i c u l a r l yd i f f i c u l t f o r
We could slow down the worlcjwide people in those countries to be aware
HIV epidemicif everyonehad good of and avoid the risks. We must
information about preventing continue to fight prejudice
and
i n f e c t i o n ,a l o n g w i t h s u p p o r tf r o m increase understanding.Together we
s o c i e t yt o h e l p t h e m a c t o n t h i s can make a difference.
information.Furthermore,
each new Adapted fron ,lJnderstanc!ing HtV
generationof gay men needsto be
infection and AtDS,, Terrence
madeawareof the risksof HlV. Higgins Trust

19 AIDS
Taboosand /ssues