RELATIVE CLAUSES

Exercise 1: Reduce the adjective clauses to adjective phrases

1. Do you know the woman who is coming towards us?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. The children who attend that school receive a good education.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. They live in the house that was built in 1890.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. The papers that are on the table belong to Patrica.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. The man who is talking to the policeman is my uncle.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. The number of students who have been counted is quite high.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. George is the man who was chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences using relatives clauses.

1.He was sitting on a chair. It was uncomfortable.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2.The pub is opposite the Town Hall. I first met my wife there.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3.Do you know that lady? I repaired her car.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5.A man stole £10,000 from a bank. The police have caught him.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6.Romeo and Juliet were lovers. Their parents hated each other.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7.This is the story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8.A man brought in a small girl. Her hand had been cut by flying glass
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9.There’s the lady. Her dog was killed.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10.He’s the person. His car was stolen.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
11.The river is the Saigon River. It flows through Ho Chi Minh City.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
12.Mr Phong hasn’t come yet. He is supposed to be at the meeting.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
13.Our solar system is in a galaxy. The galaxy is called the Milky Way.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14.I come from a city. This city is located in the southern part of the country.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15.I’ve recently gone back to the town. I was born in the town.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16.Do you know the name of the hotel? John is staying at the hotel.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
17.We enjoy this city. It has been renewed a lot after the war.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
18.The movie was interesting. We went to it.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
19.I couldn’t understand the woman. I talked to her on the phone.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
20.I want to tell you about the party. I went to it last night.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
21.The music was gentle. We listened to it last night.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
22.Alice likes the foreign family. She is living with them.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
23.The man is over there. I told you about him.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
24.The film is fantastic. They are talking about it.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
25.She’s the nurse. We gave the flowers to her.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
26.We are speaking to the man. The man was our new history teacher.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
27.The teacher is Mr. Pike. We studied with him last year.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
28.Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
29.I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
30.The children who attend that school receive a good education.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
31.The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
32.They live in a house that was built in
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
33.We have an apartment which overlooks the park.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
34.Yuri Gagarin became the first man who flied into space.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
35.We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the building.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
36.I come from a city which is located in the southern part of the country
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
37.There are some words. They are very difficult to translate.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
38.What is the name of the man? You borrowed his car.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
39.This watch costs a lot of money. I have lost the watch.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
40.We were given a lot of information. Most of the information was useless.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

REPORTED SPEECH
Exercise 1: Change these following sentences into reported speech
Question 1: They said: "We are learning English now ",
=> They said______________________________________________.
Question 2: “My friend is coming next week”, Tom said.
=> Tom said______________________________________________.
Question 3: "I’ll help my mum with housework this weekend", she said.
=> She said______________________________________________.
Question 4: "You will have to finish all these exercises before next week", the teacher said to his
students.
=> The teacher said to his students__________________________________.
Question 5: "I came back here early yesterday", she said.
=> She said______________________________________________________.
Question 6: Johnny said to his mother: "I don’t know how to do this exercise."
=> Johnny said to his mother________________________________________.
Question 7: "We are waiting for the school bus", said the children.
=> The children said________________________________________________.
Question 8: Mary said: "I cannot go to the movies with you, John".
=> Mary said_____________________________________________________
Question 9: The man declared: "I shall be doing exactly the same work next Monday as I am doing
today".
=> The man declared______________________________________________.
Question 10: The woman said: "I was born in 1954 and I have been living in this small town since I
was small".
=> The woman said______________________________________________.
Question 11: "My teacher wants to have a talk with you tomorrow morning", Tom said.
=> Tom said_______________________________________________________.
Question 12: Our teacher said: "The Second World War broke out in 1939".
=> Our teacher said_________________________________________________.
Question 13: Linh said: "If my father repairs the bike now, I will ride the bike to school this
afternoon."
=> Linh said_______________________________________________________.
Question 14: "I would have passed the exam if I had tried my best", Binh said.
=> Binh said______________________________________________________.
Question 15: The young man said to her: "If you didn’t agree with me now, I wouldn’t meet you
anymore."
=> The young man said to her___________________________________________.
Question 16: "If you aren’t doing homework, what will you do next?", I said to the boy.
=> I said to the boy___________________________________________________.
Question 17: Quynh said to An: "If your father weren’t a billionaire, you could save your money".
=> Quynh said to An _________________________________________________.
Question 18: We said to Xuan: "We won’t go camping if your family doesn’t join with us."
=> We said to Xuan____________________________________________________.
Question 19: "If my parents hadn’t given birth to me fifteen years ago, I wouldn’t have seen the
Earth", Hoang said.
=> Hoang said______________________________________________________.
Question 20: "If a stranger appeared, what would you do?", he said to his brother.
=> He said to his brother______________________________________________.
Question 21: Van said: "If I hadn’t missed the bus last morning, I couldn’t have been late at school".
=> Van said_________________________________________________________.
Question 22: Khanh said to Thao: "If you had had breakfast, you couldn’t be hungry now".
=> Khanh said to Thao______________________________________________.
Question 23: "Leave your address with the secretary", the assistant said to me.
=> The assistant asked______________________________________________.
Question 24: "Phone to me for an answer tomorrow", the manager said to the client.
=> The manager told the client________________________________________.
Question 25: "Don't leave these books on the table, put them back on the shelf, the librarian said to the
student.
=> The librarian reminded the student_____________________________________.
Question 26: "Be a good girl and sit quietly for five minutes", the nurse said to the child.
=> The nurse told the child______________________________________________.
Question 27: "Leave your things here", my companion said to me.
=> My companion advised______________________________________________.
Question 28: "Don’t forget to send your parents my regards", she said to me.
=> She reminded______________________________________________.
Question 29: "You should join the football team, Eric", said the teacher.
=> The teacher encouraged____________________________________________
Question 30: "Remember to lock the door before you go to school", my sister said.
=> My sister reminded______________________________________________.
Question 31: "Be careful of strangers and don’t go out at night", he said to us.
=> He warned___________________________________________________
Question 32: "Come and see me whenever you want", she said to him.
=> She invited__________________________________________________
Question 33: "Leave here immediately!", I said to him.
=> I ordered__________________________________________________
Question 34: "We will shut the door if you go on getting out", said the parents to children.
=> The parents threatened___________________________________________
Question 35: "Please, please let me come in", he said.
=> He begged___________________________________________________
Question 36: "Have you travelled abroad much?", he asked me.
=> He asked me___________________________________________________
Question 37: "Who has written this note?", the boss asked the secretary.
=> The boss asked_________________________________________________
Question 38: "Why didn’t I remember meeting her 2 days ago?", he wondered.
=> He wondered___________________________________________________
Question 39: "Did you really see this happen with your own eyes?", the policeman asked the boy.
=> The policeman asked the boy______________________________________
Question 40: "Did you watch the detective film on TV yesterday?", he asked her.
=> He asked her______________________________________________.
Question 41: Tom said to the girl: "When did you have this picture taken?"
=> Tom asked ______________________________________________.
Question 42: "Shall we go somewhere for a cup of coffee after class?", Tom said.
=> Tom suggested ______________________________________________.
Question 43: "Would you like another cup of tea?", the landlady said to the guest.
=> The landlady invited______________________________________________.
Question 44: My sister said to me: "What about going to see Aunt Mary on Sunday?"
=> My sister suggested__________________________________________
Question 45: She asked me: "Have you ever seen a flying saucer?"
=> She asked______________________________________________.
Question 46: James said: "Do you want me to type this letter for you?"
=> James asked______________________________________________.
Question 47: He asked me: "Why didn’t you come to class yesterday?"
=> He asked______________________________________________.
Question 48: My friend said: "Are you going to leave tomorrow?"
=> My friend asked______________________________________________.
Question 49: I asked Bill: "What time did you go to bed last night?"
=> I asked Bill______________________________________________.
Question 50: "Why don’t we organize an English competition for our students?", said Ms. Lien.
=> Ms. Lien suggested___________________________________________

Exercise 2: Change these following sentences into reported speech

Question 51: "I’m sorry I’m late", said Mr. Thanh.
=> Mr. Thanh apologized ______________________________________.
Question 52: "Me? No, I didn’t take Sue’s calculator”, said Bob.
=> Bob denied ______________________________________.
Question 53: "You were cheating", said David to Henry.
=> David accused ______________________________________.
Question 54: "I must see the manager.", he cried.
=> He insisted ______________________________________.
Question 55: "If you wanted to take my bike, you should have asked me first", said Mike to his
brother.
=> Mike criticized ______________________________________.
Question 56: "You won the scholarship. Congratulations!", Mary told me.
=> Mary congratulated ______________________________________.
Question 57: "It was kind of you to help me with my homework", Lan said to Hoa.
=> Lan thanked ______________________________________.
Question 58: "It’s true. I broke your favorite glass", said Peter.
=> Peter admitted ______________________________________.
Question 59: "You stole the jewels", the inspector said to him.
=>The inspector blamed ______________________________________.
Question 60: "I only borrowed your car for some hours", the man said.
=> The man said ______________________________________.
Question 61: Alfred said to John: "I didn't use your cassette player! Someone else did, not me."
=> Alfred denied ______________________________________.
Question 62: "If you don’t pay the ransom, we’ll kill the boy", said the kidnapper.
=> The kidnapper threatened ______________________________________.
Question 63: Father said: "I was the superintendent while this school was being built."
=> Father said ______________________________________.
Question 64: "These old buildings might have already disappeared by the time I am back next year?"
he said
=> He said ______________________________________.
Question 65: Rose said: "I was just leaving the office when I came face to face with a stranger."
=> Rose said ______________________________________.
Question 66: The inspector said to the woman: "What were you doing at 7 o'clock yesterday evening?"
=> The inspector asked ______________________________________.
Question 67: The passenger said to the taxi-driver: "Hurry up!" and he added "I must be at the station
on time."
=> The passenger urged ______________________________________.
Question 68: Father said: "The taxi is coming now. Is everyone ready?"
=> Father said ______________________________________.
Question 69: Helen said: "I think I'll have to find a better job. I can't make both ends meet."
=> Helen said ______________________________________.
Question 70: He said to her: "Why are you so late? I've been waiting for half an hour already.
=> He asked ______________________________________.
Question 71: She said to him: "Don't let them down. I'll be very embarrassed if you go back on your
words."
=> She asked ______________________________________.
Question 72: She said to her husband: "You'd better not drink too much. You may lose control of the
car and have a bad accident".
=> She advised ______________________________________
Question 73: The boy said to his mother: "When shall we have lunch? I'm very hungry."
=> The boy asked ______________________________________.
Question 74: He said: "I don't understand why she has refused to join us on the trip. She has promised
to join with us."
=> He said ______________________________________.
Question 75: She said to him: "I'm glad you've come. Sit down, please."
=> She said ______________________________________.
Question 76: Mr. Brown said to his wife: "I don't feel like going out this evening. Let's ask the Browns
to come over for a chat."
=> Mr. Brown said ______________________________________.
Question 77: "It's raining too hard to go out. We'd better stay home tonight and watch TV instead",
John said.
=> John suggested ______________________________________.
Question 78: "Could you ring up the station and find out when the train comes in?", said Tom to me.
=> Tom asked ______________________________________.
Question 79: "Be careful. Don't go too near the edge of the cliff', she said to the boys.
=> She warned ______________________________________.
Question 80: "Please, please come to help me with the assignment. I can’t do it by myself', my friend
said to me.
=> My friend begged ______________________________________.
Question 81: "I wouldn't buy that sort of raincoat if I were you", my friend said to me.
=> My friend advised ______________________________________.
Question 82: "Would you mind moving your bicycle?" said the janitor "It's in the way."
=> The janitor asked ______________________________________________
Question 83: "I have finished reading this book. Could I take out another book? ," she said to the
librarian.
=> She told ________________________________________________.
Question 84: "Remember to leave the window open when you're using the gas stove", my mother said
to me.
=> My mother reminded ______________________________________.
Question 85: "Wear your school badge or they won't let you into the classroom", my teacher said to
me.
=> My teacher asked ______________________________________.
Question 86: "Would you like to come over to my house for a small party? Your presence is my
honor", my friend said to me.
=> My friend invited ______________________________________.
Question 87: "You have sped along at over 100 kilometers per hour. Show me your driver's license,
will you?" the policeman said to the drunken driver.
=> The policeman ______________________________________.
Question 88: "Do come again next weekend", the hosts said to the visitor, “we will miss you so
much.”
=> The hosts invited ______________________________________.
Question 89: "I'll live in town till my husband returns from the expedition and when he returns, we'll
go to the seaside together", she said.
=> She said ______________________________________.
Question 90: "This story happened long ago", he said, "and few people remember anything about it."
=> He told us ______________________________________.
Question 91: “I haven't read so interesting a book since I was 15", she said.
=> She said ______________________________________.

“IF” CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Exercise 1: Complete each of the following sentences so that it means the same as the sentence
before
1. She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there
→ She’d ……………………………………………………………….
2. I can’t live in the country because I can’t find a job there
→ I’d ………………………………………………………………..
3. I don’t have a spare ticket. I can’t take you to the concert
→ If I …………………………………………………………………
4. The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow.
→ If the children ………………………………………………………..
5. They don’t understand the problem. They won’t find a solution
→ If they …………………………………………………………….
6. He sits around too much. He isn’t fit.
→ If he ………………………………………………………………
7. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying.
→ If Carol ……………………………………………………
8. Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.
→ If Rita ………………………………………………………
9. She’s very thin; perhaps that’s why she feels cold so much.
→ If she …………………………………………………….
10. He never polishes his shoes, so he never looks smart
→ If he ……………………………………………………..
11. He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car
→ If he ……………………………………………………..
12. My house is guarded by two big dogs. That’s the only reason it isn’t broken into every night
→ If my house …………………………………………………………
13. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.
→ If the flats …..………………………………………………………..
14. I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you
→ If I …………………………………………………………………….
15. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children
→ If she ………………………………………………………………….
16. I don’t want them to be upset, so I’ve decided not to tell them what happened.
→ They ……………………………………………………………..
17. I am not tall enough to join the basketball team
→ If I ……………………………………………………………………
18. He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car
→ If he ………………………………………………………………….
19. Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well
→ If Peter ………………………………………………………………
20. Mary doesn’t have enough money. She can’t buy a new car.
→ If Mary ………………………………………………………………
21. Go right now or you’ll be late for the train.
→ If you………………………………………………………………….
22. He doesn’t apply for the job because he doesn’t have enough qualifications.
→ If he ………………………………………………………………….
23. Hurry up, or we will be late for the exam.
→ If we …………………………………………………………………
24. They do not understand you because you do not often talk to them.
→ If you …………………………………………………………………
25. Because you speak English unnaturally, they do not understand you.
→ If you …………………………………………………………………

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences:

1. He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam.
=> If…………………………………………………..
2. She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam.
=> If…………………………………………………………
3. He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.
=> If…………………………………………………………….
4. He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.
=> If……………………………………………………………..
5. She is very shy, so she doesn’t enjoy the party.
=> If……………………………………………………………..
6. I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month.
=> If……………………………………………………………..
7. He doesn’t take any exercises. He is so unhealthy
=> If……………………………………………………………….
8. We can’t get the ticket because I don’t have the right change.
=> If………………………………………………………………..
9. Study hard or you won’t pass the exam.
=> If…………………………………………………………………..
10. Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes.
=> If……………………………………………………………………..
11. I didn’t eat lunch, I feel hungry now.
=> If I…………..………………………………….
12. I only come if they invite me.
=> unless……………………………………………….
13. He didn’t revise all his lessons, he failed the exam.
=> If he………………………………………………………..
14. The park is over there, only 5 minutes’ walk.
=> If you walk……………………………………………….
15. Leave me alone or I’ll call the police.
=>Unless……………………………………………………………………………………
16. If you arrive at the office earlier than I do, please turn on the air-conditioner.
=> Should……………………………………………………………………………….
17. The children don’t go to school in the snowy weather.
=> If it ………………………………………………………………………………
18. He died so young; otherwise, he would be a famous musician by now.
=>Had ………………………………………………………………………………
19. You must tell me the whole truth or I won’t help you.
=> Unless………………………………………………………………………
20. The car breaks down so often because you don’t take good care of it.
=> Were I………………………………………………………………………
21. He is very bad-tempered, that’s why his wife left him soon after marriage.
=> If he………………………………………………………………………
22. Don’t tell lies to your boss or you’ll be fired at once.
=> If……………………………………………………………………………
23. She got married at such an early age: otherwise, she would be at university now.
=> Had ………………………………………………………………………
 PASSIVE SENTENCES
EXERCISE 1: CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.
1. They told me that you were the best architect in this city.

2. She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.

3. Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.

4. That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week.

5. He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.

6. They promise that the performance will start on time.

7. He recommends that we should stay at the city center.

8. We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.

9. The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this month.

10. They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium

11. They have decided that the company will go to the beach together at the weekend.

12. People think that Maradona is the best football player in the 20th century.

13. They find that the job is not suitable for a girl like her.

14. The teacher explained that this powerful engine pulled the train.

15. He told me that his football team had played well last season.

16. I won’t hang these old pictures in the living room.

17. The German didn’t build this factory during the Second World War.

18. The Greens are going to paint this house and these cars for Christmas Day.
19. Ann had fed the cats before she went to the cinema.

20. The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week.

21. Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum?

22. Some people will interview the new president on TV.

23. How many languages do they speak in Canada?

EXERCISE 2: CHUYỂN CÁC CÂU SAU SANG BỊ ĐỘNG.

1. I had my nephew paint the gate last week.

2. She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow.

3. They have her tell the story again.

4. John gets his sister to clean his shirt.

5. Anne had had a friend type her composition.

6. Rick will have a barber cut his hair.

7. I will get the dressmaker to make a new dress.

8. He had a mechanic repair his car.

9. She often gets the technician to maintain the heater.

10. They had the police arrest the shoplifter.

11. Are you going to have the shoemaker repair your shoes?

12. I must have the dentist check my teeth.

13. She will have a veterinary surgeon examine her dog.

14. We had a man take this photograph when we were on holiday last summer.
15. The Greens had a carpet cleaner clean their carpet.

CLEFT SENTENCES
Exercise 1: Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning and using the cleft sentences with
underlined word
1. My father usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.
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2. I used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.
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3. My neighbors always make noise at night.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
4. We often complain about the noise at night.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
5. You gave her a bunch of rose last week.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Exercise 2: Viết lại những câu sau dưới dạng câu chẻ bị động
1. The pedestrian asked the policeman a lot of questions.
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2. The dog barked at the stranger.
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3. My mom is making some cakes for our dinner.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. We all saw her husband outside the theater last night.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Mr. Hao repaired the roof yesterday morning.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------