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Unit 1 ~ Learning Guide / 63 marks

Instructions:

Show ALL work as is explained in the lessons. Do your best and ask questions if you
don’t understand something! Some questions have hints at the end of the learning
guide. Try questions on your own before using the hints

Please print out the Formula Sheet and found at the start of the course.
You will need this to do assignments and tests!

Reaction Rates:

1. What is the definition of a reaction rate? (1 mark)

2. For each of the following write i) a balanced chemical formula equation, ii) a
complete ionic equation and iii) a net ionic equation.

a) Magnesium metal is placed in a solution of hydrochloric acid and reacts

to form aqueous magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas (3 marks)

i)

ii)

iii)

b) Aqueous chlorine is added to a solution of aluminum bromide in a

single replacement reaction which forms no precipitate and bromine
liquid. (3 marks)

i)

ii)

iii)

3. For the following questions use the reaction in question 2a)

a) There are five possible rate equations that could be used to measure the reaction
rate. Write two of these possible rate equations. (1 mark)

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b) What is the spectator ion for this reaction? (1 mark)

c) If 0.0586 L of hydrogen gas is collected in 5.00 minutes, calculate the rate of the
reaction in mL of hydrogen gas per second. (1 mark)

d) Using the reaction rate you calculated above, calculate the volume of
hydrogen as produced in 23.0 minutes. (1 mark)

e) Using the reaction rate you calculated above, calculate how long in minutes
it takes to produce 1.50 L H2. (1 mark)

Use the reaction below to answer the following questions.

2 Ag(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq) Zn(s) + 2 Ag(NO3)2(aq)

a) It is found that the rate of production of Zn(s) is 10.7 g/s. Calculate the
mass of silver (in kg) reacted in 15.2 minutes. ( 1 mark)

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 b) If 14.3g of silver is used up in 5.0 minutes, what mass of zinc (in g) is formed in
45 seconds? (1 mark)

5. What is the rate of reaction at 20 seconds? You will need to draw a tangent line. It
can be tricky to draw a perfect tangent line so don't worry if your answer does
not exactly match the answer key. (1 mark)

70

60

50

40
Mass (g)
30

20

10

0
0 20 40 Time (s) 60 80 100 120

6. What are four factors that affect a reaction rate? (2 marks)

7. List five ways you can increase the reaction rate of the reaction below. (2
marks)

6 Mg(s) + 1 N2(g) 2 Mg3N(s)

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 8. Is the reaction in question 7 homogeneous or heterogeneous and how do you
know? (1 mark)

Collision Theory and Heat of Reaction:

1. What two factors determine whether or not a collision of molecules will
successfully result in a reaction? (1 mark)

2. What is the definition of activation energy (EA)? (1 mark)

3. When molecules are oriented correctly and collide with sufficient kinetic
energy what is formed? (1 mark)

4. a) What type of energy increases as two molecules approach each other? (1

mark)

b) What type of energy decreases as two molecules approach each other? (1 mark)

5. What is temperature's role in a reaction? (1 mark)

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6. Place the correct numbers for each label in the correct circle. Memorize! (2
marks)

7. The Enthalpy change (󠄀󠄀H) for an exothermic reaction will always be

(positive/negative)? (1 mark)

8. The Enthalpy change (󠄀󠄀H) for an endothermic reaction will always be

(positive/negative)? (1 mark)

9. The Activation Energy (EA) for ALL reaction will always be (positive/negative)?
(1 mark)

10. Use the graph in question 6 to answer the following questions? Show your
work! Be sure to indicate + or - correctly.

a) What is the value of EA forward? (1 mark)

b) What is the value of H ? (1 mark)

forward

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 c) What is the value of EA reverse? (1 mark)

d) What is the value of Hreverse? (1 mark)

e) What is the energy of the Activated Complex? (1 mark)

f) Will the reactants or products have the strongest bonds? Explain how
you know. (1 mark)

11. Use the following information to draw a potential energy diagram. You must
first calculate Hforward and Hreverse. Fully label your diagram similar to question
6. (2 marks)

EA Forward = + 45 kJ EA Reverse = +30 kJ Activated Complex Energy = 70 kJ

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12. What is the energy of the reactants in question 11? (1 mark)

13. What is the energy of the products question 1? (1 mark)

14. Is the reaction described in question 11 exothermic or endothermic? Explain

how you know. (1 mark)

15. There are a few definitions of Enthalpy. In this course what should we mainly
consider Enthalpy to be? (1 mark)

16. State whether each of the following reactions is exothermic or endothermic.

(2 marks)

Reaction Exo or Endo

2 C8H18 + 25 O 2 → 16 CO2 + 16 H2O + 10110 kJ

Ba(OH) + 2 NH Cl + 430 kJ → BaCl + 2 NH OH

2 4 2 4

SOCl2 + CoCl 2 6H2O → CoCl 2 + HCl + 6 SO2 H = +360 kJ

Mn + 2 HCl → MnCl +H
(s) (aq) 2( aq) 2g) H = -221 kJ

17. If you drop calcium into water do you get an exothermic or endothermic
reaction? (1 mark)

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 18. Determine which of the following reactions is faster and explain your
reasoning. (1 mark)

i. 2 Ag(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq) Zn(s) + 2 Ag(NO3)2(aq)

ii. BaCl2(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) PbCl2(s) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)

19. Determine which of the following reactions is faster and explain your
reasoning. (1 mark)

i. Cl2(g) + Br2(g) 2 BrCl(g)

ii. 3 H2(g) + N2(g) 2 NH3(g)

Kinetic Energy and Reaction Mechanisms:

1. What is the rule of thumb regarding temperature increases and their effect on
reaction rates? (1 mark)

2. If a given reaction has a rate of 10 g/s and the temperature is increased by 20

oC, what will the new reaction rate be? (1 mark)

3. What is the name given to the slowest step in a reaction mechanism? (1 mark)

4. Consider the following reaction mechanism:

Step 1: CH4(g) + Cl2(g) → CH3(g) + HCl(g) +Cl-(g)

Step 2: CH3(g) + Cl2 (g) → CH3Cl(g) + Cl-(g) (fast)

a) Write the equation for the overall reaction. (1 mark)

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 b) Identify the reaction intermediate (1 mark)

c) Which step is the rate determining step? (1 mark)

5. Consider the following reaction mechanism:

+ →
Step 1: C3H6O + H3O C3H7O + H2O (fast)

→
Step 2: C3H7O + H2O C3H5OH + H3O+ (slowest)

→
Step 3: C3H5OH + Br2 C3H5OBr + HBr (slow)

a. Write the equation for the overall reaction. (1 mark)

b. Identify the reaction intermediate(s) (1 mark)

c. Identify the catalyst (1 mark)

d. Which step is the rate determining step? (1 mark)

6. Explain the difference between an activated complex and an intermediate in

terms of their stability. (1 mark)

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7. When comparing a potential energy diagram for a catalyzed reaction to an
uncatalyzed reaction, what value will always decrease and what value will
always stay the same? (1 mark)

8. Consider the following reaction where nitrogen monoxide reacts with hydrogen
gas to create nitrogen gas and water:

2 NO + 2 H2 N2 + 2 H2O

a) The following is the proposed reaction mechanism. Determine Step 2 of the

reaction mechanism. (1 mark)

Step 1: 2 NO → N2O2 (fast)

Step 2: (very fast)

Step 3: N2O + H2 → N2 + H2O (slow)

b) Identify the reaction intermediate(s) (1 mark)

c) Which step is the rate determining step? (1 mark)

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Unit 1 Summary Questions /21

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