imete s leve o

TRo buION 70 1EE (OMMB (A1o Ctoy e

eulepme
technitcqud 2ntu
u t is Telecommoun cafiD e ecovowe fevelopw dovlop ubno

hat boe cletd e ive lalo,hy f u e leun

D TeleiommDus oton seaúúj
aca 1eduslpay CoG encl
wit What eledauy
a datauee
Commd m a f qmodlovh commom
ope ea hos
clacatow TeleLOm Sycee
tlecomm Oiatting
ueto
ilele Teleca sycus eke eguy depevdect t

Tele t o m fStens
o re Mechaical
to whudh bo (omp,k2 coonu ehd
te AN
Fy
Pstingsh Defite
a a l LommoTO JV tts royhbottomr
kaplos Cach cace
kreck toadt
coTiou w.f pocple
gmh emce S Tele uomm um va (omnbuncete dal

oc«ml
ielephum,
4eleommBoto inetuocks olenC ml
Mqn dite bule delephsre
eve boe iuecnnctd a costnody std Aned

a u txtvady toglicote
co
Ltle
ch poi ou istouha
1eleomn Vi refro
g'ell fucta
Eq
Mele
celkotoe <eteme e M
tleommhis
Teleecnin otout nnert jiako up t e sevias 1ht dre o
* EXGple ot
ms (omplfotel q0iprrod I ft vedd
ootooh felb andne, telelsinhin
BanK
Fg 1daphove nctn, h ldod
Avct bonking teket
Mog au einepd hXd ouilotoY coles holeuoleamd cdeviuq hous
6CvadT Cod pwoat acstlre eud
natda) poreha dochvy
Ve snwe Ope Ecfisnayih c&fkafho
telephane h k i alle to calidn

C h o h a y kdapbyuu 1
e weld Floctnca) Commsw c t s Lehoble aud
erty teekunslegy
n odehouo y St f o k i axe ktinem Csl, commo

ncrd W t teloplwe neiek levah t tony CMs rocdiug

oRt pousi a morc katto
h oletdeom netubik 6o Xcurtu

nn
notty commd aie
* Meleçonm (Ghous sesVICAS ove au es¢uhal kg upesta ut dseusti
w po dn e k a Ce matua cteud, ttf-
deslopne G Commuidy
keq revel av lucreauy U
Aoc Kingt tu telophcne dau a tiesko
telecv n a dy ,tuleirn
G tle banh pg l povele Seevioty
olechuuc LOmhU othon qd hewpPR Imy o
plac.cd rbiu heN VMaS ) Dcwti
Reteve
OMMOKICATo Sys1EM. Koseiuo
mm o Catrd

(rac t t e

d«hef i
Muageonclode Troututo eleonvu atfonupte tine iud

Dsthiu
610 ia tt tube
h eignd a t f e u a t i i

Spcgeo
ondlou rslr
4
perot fos dust ditanes
t
ommümtobu.
to Inteplanh
kcr ullo Magdvde
Copwk eomO fo ys

1e HawatuVm
dictblko) becoue c do feer
hoatice
OSiqumt
a mesage, <od
6
phose
a
Teletyps oaoy s dat
tlevscu picvo,
daay
pot
voi
tevevno w pichr f
ele he M g3
trouseloay
lenvestrd ba o Yp
ms
bor
Sprad oof diyi hanm s40

a v o r tefiecl
ln G el echca
wsege igd
Liepe f ch«biho is calld
he bcelanel sgo z

Lmray dichfio, co b post

1he fran tes
) ( o e c t e d at he yecee y
Mdi to bat-bd qno t otfa h phae chovadea h
a Jualixed
ifh P
Hu dbeunel
plo yto tusse o
A) he chonna.
oax calle,
ecdiom Sus as ni also Cao no

ca=u a kdolnk
1e care y
wve quide, an cph Lna cisoyriou Anu tenh
ol4)

he ughal amphhoda
Go
Re ceve Svdh dist stn olko be podly tere
e he
y(plowe equulee at a
Xecoivo om he
Ra prowiCes h iq
rceiuek
h hanna by uncdoinq le qal fe
nde fe reuShuitr? -1he Sig n cuy dhcte,ted
ledtam-od alq 1e
mcdihcathu
tdals
cane
H dhannul
undesire k <gnck sheprel
unls

oupst tmucdeay Pat

1he recove cup fd ro e cutp e noKe
 Nouso Rondom un wautr cd au upredcde NR s (otnv Ooshy doeceog olo
enat
e channa
Cass
Apluf taho e ríend y l i t
Make Ur h etoLuotw ic ava. ecadc
texe hoe eluder

leerene trom qelr Hvqtmt d ou

ya gly channetc
Uchnqec
*huma made nolte arehe 1 o
ANALG AD DIG TAL MEsCAGEs
Cotact ntthrs by elechw cal equp
tnto
b onturfed from
4
M esaqe
AuoaLle iqhs rodion Pstal
humv y ymbsls.
huyecog
kg- Prinkecl lanquoqe
coneigh %leHe
Pahvral het re
paC qd ~yeval
puhthuolou
10 nombey c

Kehncal s tet i¢a iq eg

inack. thos a

ralahow Coutuctd tro a f So ymbols

gbla and inkaleahic

1hev ral nCI I-daks alid a dqt) heoge,

- Human peec
*1sm moto t elecos cnedoc Lcadet ic od up ro ctje voobebry
a Lanquee
Random em
Mofsa (ede 1elegop mos (oq g
a Cet
diqal reiGqe cCn slwetd tro
PcaxXievS 1 ele ctronic olevius
t sy mojlu-mno ak aud spea

prope rdve exeanel hoie b e lnosy m ooge , inpy

8-1t
V ev'n l i n a fe c
MihimZd

Cw strcd . T

ra lec on M-ary
M-smb6l

tf set mts c w e EKG Mefage

ch
OCoin md u (eTt

ho R)s dhasadekitee) dleta vhoso volue van

TLe qal-to- woue
bues ouhneus g

to nots pow
F 1 j p . sy ctmut plnc preii

s ohon datoer he tqa,Guc nC

Co nc a nge a nd a siu nmC
a ctomolatec ltnye Pat. t s et, he
g stenqth teciras nle suce letl
Veluac
Gmlach, spech uove toxm rplhcle ax
N2 hone apotuh s
has

uef vky ouea (otihous kinga

tra ted pet Ceovd t ap
2615/

b PoLle itt ee cpocch wuotu me a stvaxy cfove

nubos o [0ok)
Kit c.tr t ouly a qinwle of Ky
MODoLATI Ho
Modiirabou dt Vadou
ot"
/NR channul

Cbmmo c f o

tt rouhvol ts vale
o tvndomoLta pasae tex
trariaio
ot

Gu qu of lufokwofln bU& auen nchmel

C
d w.dt & lad t
dhann

onh
e
od otr&
ne p4 tavno
baudaid ( )1o
casie g
nC hat c a u rarm T
Kango
inusod
H xasrable tdehy m o e r o r hc
De4 A oae k a
rame7 K-
danelcan ram d oa OF t p
E 1f a

e 5 n e i d w a Oqia hose Ssdn a a mplhide jegocncu phoie

pone cepus u - q LVaMed ppcho n . bot
tr uo-u
a moximon 5o0H
tom(e)P t
channd buudicd,8
5 41 t D t I m o e l n hae

Moblaho u
n

v e
e c l n ap t e Y s

A plhiele
Hdoleb (Fu
)Tusigne Powe A
pheice Modolatheu(PM)

tomnumto h o
mta hou Umpor b
1
Tnd SJR
oketwid
hda Metag

i dtome cilq hgkly

u af l o
1uudlchej
hnno
CBlu(4SNR) Life

Kare o l n f e y m
ou romes
m't hdhelo
C- hned tate
he re
Pe Setouacl chanrl apoy
gOmeo te lpMe7KaD u eedslatin l

be pa to Lnadtad frm suj t radi

fo Fheae1 rndnatho ot elechome oyuto ogTVctetnou ot ate is astefsl

e 7 t o radionqantnna utl4 Le h cuawrel badsidtroy

bu fho orc . oA Oo t o h ox mpo Of he Aav
prblet S dse
cve tns
t
One ny

use vo b S Cudid c
e Modslafto in, e Can
hqny bastbnnel Slqls
mods|ate di{f ro.t
aat tbo a
qe to rradnal
Nqvelgt
4fenna dimen siOnS

a iqha
PAGnple, 1w pone3 T Vaxlod3casMvs Gve chcose
e vaop
N (on@tva Fd of frrquenai

Spechra msduletd

1ov to 3ooR
ulena
t64 t tcSey oit
6v-lapn
havolen ould he ceintte
1u ng oeh tov
autu.
C mprehccbly la g ne Loud pcs
At h eceveN,
eiedleto
molulote a tqv 6t h sel-d
ctrad

tLou fvonslohq
ca m ,
ca yrl 8

ve Jenci
a
vns vate
en
oud
Nauetep q MZ
mall transssiDL we ca
coca t
cayae haca wavelaro

Wi aud Me Vea

r a n t na SMo E}Covevad
Cmslta noeds

lanals.
T ce of Seve rca Kadio

tat nodeastg awcio bus chond sq

rch, sttuoul ory mdifehon (Ley
fr i t otld be ceie
 NECHtNIMÅ OF 1El¬cOMm O1CATID
Swraud
Rt MINKIO bcht
y Stenn, tuo tvanmicuo
u 4elotimwoul cohov o pl<A)
Ful Duplex (or
uLwofto may be
6

n d vch onad
i clechonol. 1elephona
-ueuyhool
Xap s
Gadrchoiro udaiOu

ut votnt
eundimchovo ysfenn

t Onc dv o o u ar co:1r e

mplan
drech onal Tvohciiou

t1 ore a e
-
1he bidiecheo st
colld
trasenit i oot diechous'o
cluplx utes
rdehs e pv eho|
can tple

ve
) kolf-dopu

Siore

Spla 6ns
d cho
l
tre
travishn

b n e e l t o t o e l o
qud7y
anple5.

bshnot

0oICe Sborce
Destivetin

luveefio
He4 Dople n1trcd
oni

trens

ata hnia
ndio Syce
Sone
dotrs Gud
Exapk,
 RA NCMIKKION mR DIA oktocpo able
- (ows hs cevehucto rsovet opp)
Amtuuqtt cakin lurtoxwotro och wt tts oun plosho luculchon taxt
sarce tu dnsto tarie x
Md
a i Ou
e kecee ond te bthoy Ui cl bul a
grood ketegen a
he recever uxe« t e diffe row a batnJe t The
quictec
Ixe c)
quic
(wieb

T adtho
edel-p t edb on oe ves, lutee|ort a o t e)
cale
a crssttlK o y atfvc both
qe c ae unaute d
lancals
Cooal
oLle twS HImS OC
pa rallel to jtect of
Tuo se uunat qol uht tu soni
ibey- Qpfe boit wic becaos oy rc ot 4fe K° a

ocahoisS kelehué to tw hoire voòrce oy

coLle
uideed Modia
at a
keev y c g 1pcirus
*Prde a courlut o ne eevice to elaua sme aind
auetor - fu aople4uppow ee ht,thd e
Fovteel pauc. coLle
)woial calle t i te nixt twif t revoro tru
F i a ophe catle
vshnq maKes tt prilolde e t L1% anc

Aqtroveil1vq olooc u 4tee ax oqvolly

edin durctrd ated ha hee ond CxostalK s maniht

Ph Ciro 6ue ied
tha reav.y h eoloctas Ae dufexa
to-oxa) coble oc
TWdecpa y oncd betwee T t w , ttews inó unvodet
metcoPpe) ndoch a Aat ce Soreds7he unnoutd 1gl« p moffy
avd tranrpotscils for m Canued bt
eloctic tene de
TrnT abveccoda, t
- opteale eaie e t otesph on nimbe o4 T t pev u t o
tuar
 eldecl
Veesai slded Twetd Paix
cale ot-Mbpv data s l

natl smeld
Scieeloe cvee hufeel

c d vcit
poiEodpon
Plho wropot e
plosho ve
tP h Jsele
s TGiid dernoa
H- qmstal foil ox oridt
ac
part Ot lusilot.cl tetcho
Connecors
Acheg he mefeomw Op conn t i
Metl eaSin
pvs veh
RT45 qstrred tok 5 )e
alle Prveunte
Pctot woe aucd oyed 345 onnedo i 1 /
cotak
C Coaal alle onx
DisAwetaae
Buiky aud O0ax ca ies iqvek st aw k qvev
more Gpensive
t becav tetwo mwdia age estt
ctegovs ove d terid Calla otihu
w 1

Catogevies TT
ud aPtecho *NTod oevn in Cocx har a

Tndutii hsouafo aud e o tobl Ceutral ogtelvcheg colid s

tkod d vid Casuallu op-), enducel
bpe)
Detu Rate
a u lucolahuq
oth nuic
apepcatrow
-UTP ued tele ph 1eleph m an ce(ecl u ot oudochoX

KAs
-svas
iprud T 2 o o
T h a e s metsiho p a r o a
AN
0e
-

Im proe d A2 hANs eovdst ,hd onplt te uveT

1a bol% ondutu N,ooeel oe
whoe colle

Pot.d bya lekh oue

ad otside Chuct
nula
able eotto vot
A r
metcdceip
 tale efanclaxds nm able
DMhMd e Glep lndos
Ategoxzeed y 4 raoli a qovoKhneT (RG) a deuhott cevt
tae ute i o t edaev
Enck cabl detud by an RG trg *
tokloustnt
A bean q lakt moves g
adaptod fou a cpetisolracd efv-eto
deh a steqbs \ e uhl it weced
Ond clacleduq
O (ove
-pedai
t e lutertaco Loe is ou abu chreg
R- o Cable TvN d to lerr density tus altXte
RG-59 atge q e bran's mctic
fh Etavnet
t e SulteAess
-Tafep ludex Kters to
tict Eert
touhLstas to a
t Hu clhoge uel
Goakea Cable lOnneotp

- To toned tccKia c a l e 4 devios a oed

axa niueh
Aot reLonce 7one-Hejll laddiug
Lontala ne) conh be
iloi-cptio ole Lore-

- Aaas et pusto tvons tfio9 q o s iu e

Motimue Gte pwdor

) Molt mode mde udex

Propoqehou modor

gl Mde -1Le nrd

Kotvoctrou

ctep 'd dox eracho i velated o dontth

tudax qoa One t

avacod
HGvocsel lueos
Va chi-c
cuvw ecnology tue mle
Soppots

u rtimeda e e mode) jo propgoe ao ecxote grdull

To o t u

talegphes chkarul ah vqoe att eelg

bey ita olifeve Phutice okadrate lpact k
-Fiqp.e belo sbiov
u Hi odeG Vansble clmity out popgeto lhga
iu ltple beam fr aa oorce
T e r t tove i dfxrt pa1t
Tose beam ov it calLle eladd
 hale mode cade coposifio
USu e p luda fbo aud o egy
7ypi cal f bo ophe tqble copoiTic ce
10(Dteel oora o gkt e t ltr ea
ea Oot D Upond Kevhx

Gma( Kanq angler all clo«o h t

Dpo hest
foy s t h o g t

J
eleclel
hoze-tl
1he tco ute Ploch glare o pleshe
Krqle ode to |F tenocdecl o c H a f

Coke
r hne e
qmo c

MultTmase sbeaoucd t subetaholy

orve d (1dx fochiu). buto acket mocde t -tto vfNo o

-

la domare deusty oita actical tHo

orge tue dore enogh o 0 maKe too
s i e e acket ore.Kovle Skauels f
Popcgcto beum -Imad houot-|
ctg t eaLle
Hu cavo propRetou of diffet " beam
almu idehto ancl delou« eve ne4grbl Belov kvlat, au pl choj
Af te boce avve t e lertinoopa

q e t v ane au bo kecooiecd hifu d t t

Asoehio to 1 ha clacded9 amc Cega

Lle connsetoKs
Le-op
aolclg
y pes o bex optiesoble connocto
Sulasenbos donn g ) cekn
bsd p cable
claddda cT stauttE)tonecto
caule to
Use dtoY tnnchuq
natiq denas
helky oho f to dia wer t1ois uLd a
Leyond lokiu syste-
texe
t e diumer of teiy claddm sliale Auan sa
w icrome fti) 1-RI Conect
Mod

12 S M I oda graeled
Advast g o b.x opho colar o
-50125
mtn lic Cobletistacd poio coox ial
62 3G motimoe gadacO Higlov bandhicht.
- 625/t25 e ophe «Lle qu Soppes chaiohot l
m&Ih0de vodocl sgg "badtaclta u (add hone eeto rotac )
- 1o s/126

r g l e mgde
fa etos tauted-por toxial soile
1 -coe udtdn vota and badi dth uhlzotiou
7/125 ouob ophee colbl a lmtd hot bytt
 ONalGyle
m dis4 de noud or audwidf4
s1qne] Atfewatou hg tou Hw e o bpheol fbes cu
Juthfeel rleS
sou cdetant
fiL-opho tre s

Wve less
Unguidecd Mecta
Sq cauy elethvooqnehe
gaded wca
Muda traupy f
Dot unqpide vih hricel tondsctoi

Sok ftaou qox|

A Squol cow &un for
Gfeu
reaeerho he hegd * pecte t evwn
SLqnelits ure sf iomwmocohou
tsCoxio o thtrof -pax colde ete rd ba
o l eoe
omoinuccto

qhs ake mornlh nadtos uric

nunts to elechomeqrutha utestkena ovcllelLa
fo

epGU aud ths ore

Elechooqmatie noue cau1 tfee1
anyon 1uo has g deviw (opoLlt
eallo
bphe
Cenv
(Rorctana t aros ehnatemo

matals o (o pp Source te dshuoho

odprogoto

( Ky pr Pgoti
ALeR-he
ev oppo& eaolas.
Ppegcti
(6Gretex mnaouh ppq Tnsxplove
mono T
Tonrphoo
FL -upnc collec ake o r e

Cpr-t tost
CoPpey ccalr eote auttnng t c s
tt2asily tppd Kqwevc Lo piopagPts
Cvunc
(doveSout
Du advatages e l te e
q ophea (Lalo HH) (a-o MHz
he 8
(ouvod propoertio
OTctalaho ovd wotehanee trou thugh a
ont
Rad io wave

bey-ophe calle f acbvely teeaudlo t

t s tttl|aho aud maiTg-aLce roqore
p utvoy ta aophoe hegqq tth ra

ote Ao onote lv a'

epoatise tuot st yet avculode aejut e ad
c h s dro te vasim ttn oten
und echonal Ligkt propgotau ollow u twotuvc o f t a plcwet
Pons
pgeo iatt udirchane, If PIstce depevd c avod qreotr4
he needbidvcchte) Lombaicohn ,twv Sqve- arot g Au pow

a s oe noecded
) K propagete Lkyneve peeh
Te ctlble oud tho luteaas sKe rrichuely
 SUSCo p °
ovepayneer eKt o ous) he e yae Onlc hha

auotlo

c Pe ra umicio dlo d/ amot k

defrn@-t t lose olp pova" bd o l

Rrodo havepashcilody tore u
n e i q d (Loc) Propagertiou Mo diom Tqveui c a pa.ero te Ns

V g que tyqle o-trautm tteol h dho Yocf.exndhe ran b botoctateeje

kt uvss divedts Dm atenng
aud a cle acbotage
atn ua exanape
loe c U.f
- Anenq s t drdo-o,t ods Con
ele a bo,ldiic
CAM rocdio receweSiaols

tgrtt tbe frcfedPu tto cuvouv 1+aelisodintoce

colc G (tmm oucatou
propqa hou mck, La caust radis
CCnnst
lLltol ot
Omn evrchove At
Guones
K d eua Us omn diveehous
NIelsi haumTIO can be dvdd ude onc lirehou
&erd bt
tre ovocl adege nes
Apph ca hous

) Mcova he onn dieehov cho rcichgfteof wed1

es qKe
it ho
e)Rad. Waucc lu Hic Mer oho Sercde8

-Aectroaqnho rainq l qvera Ce io i

3ktz- 1 GHz Eg Au ond FH rocdrs

Redro a u s are omni dlrrechona
Releue 6its Exaples
aiherdi s Molt cetj
h e aut aute n a r a u m ro oliD
(ovdss phoe

inouoTey propgofe 1 al diecho

A s en u t ta Seetiuqa
*P
Yeceiv andenna do nt éu to be Mo'wau
Aets0maqnenc wev havia qvenee
olged otw 1GHZ qnd 3p0 H
A Yodugaten c d s hove t e t
Twye unm oleotona
ca reeivd ky a trinmts
tnna . en G qutenna tanim+tt e rue

waug twy en b naulu oosedTue

X omni divechona propesh e hes G
Man uet ha
AsadYavtage Gntonna nd a
Cci VI
avraclo NGves rmf yoa cutura heed h k
alicv
 dnch drcl Dpe thy hcs ou obvod

2 u GHiz to foa Gtlz

recqUeuu rang
t 7tonm
oulengt ot m
poil of
alcoc Ghtannols
cheveche nuhc
CDena pgoPeopo Tuand have nave a vo-Cu
onCe oau nsf pantrea o
uiCrwave
s odvahgres cho ro ctensh c
p R
vetwseu ycfe w Gd
nee h e
o be Guto ACh <) -vavqe commiii cch L
toc tuet ek toa opst hed

oon no7 Pe o socto-

he
z&t ac vil G
The cova h e of T e
U SUre ee rente
Aexblbcku oLctods do Fol c e

ths ufe
es th y
(hoi tnesto (omo ete l Couha e do n

ua imcrovauo
ecded toy lor
Kepecto y are
otT odvantzqau s

Ts eosoch isho íc d
Commd c d u
lommsicolho ,

lO n auc
micoda e CGnnSi
Tey
Ardcd thwve we cann us ltreve e
Peinetrcte nallr ha
oe o0c q bolu esave
Tue clokatroth Can bu
dcndvt
Commdui cansh

e micnwae band elanuel icle

almos 29a r z . Tretuie ico y b
prlica ho of a d
Padcan be a tiqhe d aud q
Lellt
Po reblee 400Tz hoi a
e travrcl Do ve, omt
d schove nna
exaullof1 pothe t det aurnidD

Se oon 1q One vecT

Applicctos
heroua e t foiy idivrchore Pops
usefs| H uiced (ont On
(s n bewee ta erco G-d
reCelue
ph onsS

l a satullc
 RANS MIION cfehos
1 t hos heod odtot petha
esevh odheutagr ot lie hur (4 TLot
lubuvd moLle

poteh
(E) Partt lo iucuolly modsT icontwoyk Cn be Guicey
ommo
ge Cnorqy dohallqcth
oLonnaond ow
atea omols o
ad
aud t pecec betre difte ted GC tdoocd x ktm buecd.
Sl aysvo tunel q t
Syste $Xadid ake
edkgle The peinpl duadkavrtngys
Path clatoctr chcsey afeathov ad Rath a qon ll due to e tency
cLle ad o1 t e vanmttrd lghe
dutotiou q oauoly
t Cm peuvote fog8 pre ad ot, mokt ervrat etfechve
xlehvely tory
Unlinufrd t bovduilt mi e ece qtenna
(OOpotH
ean ala be xeoec g ausft» makoc
1he preoduo enorqy
ine
deesce vetee ditfecef te
duodvantg l poteuhc Cetoos problem'
N

cousehochua ca pathy agiu localh

oyiq coular i t gd ov
cannst Le
cince badnidt
avos geerY2rpens inntad
Oueyend
eu a
tewve ayleaeS Gd plann choxedahies attenuatio u ae
may needd fo8 andaeqn d coLdes(Pat
1
dgtohotd to vH te,Oft
an predretalle noy, mKi ali(aho
ondalshkqos o pyic Hae rrat ad limtidielsLh ad
cCnhcho ta towpl ex ntwoc
avalabtu
e hohnel
nof ee 1he h vai ret
( u b l omnomceho sevuios
can
S)
anoolods pp
to locaps well outkde t
F Detnehs onncteosls bo
edelod e to Gand
suLccd fromy 6g otlaru e c~tigod hotma VOe 1ate may
e t v e nce bthen hidely pec«d
RADIO TRANSMI SSI O

1e
(6Poi a ond po smoa TeiT frqveu
tevlshily clesp ou qoick h 1 e r a l l Vegoind h
Im plenout cosa t
Jdn (cord iuof
Syleaves dind planno Pim«slou a Ke Pi oka{o Supv
otfe oduy heede to«ts *iith dyfce t c v e proheusivel sust
 taqe o RI (©mmoni catio, (1) Roohv!en
Soahuhy OCd
zelallo COnruatroua
prrvorved y vsiuq clet
RODOhg Prvary
s
e
NA ma tfi obriun (Y) sooro
foay d au clof
vide
3 Fay qmeith wVoice,
Hook&tetvs, addrsetg,prrks 10 Data

may bt
tvakkaidt ia "><fo
dytz
dor h
AVote au data feoetou ( ysfe
,
t repet
poK ko eucupton ovd P se
Va y aceOwilcf f r o
CompeksiD) ( be me,
phdaoL Colata clat h
dteched
t a sye Peomano wDuhx i Euo thdou
ala Kg
bLe Ke Ceireelq e
he be coyrchd
y Ghu be
v
-Ay p e p e n a (oc d mO e f t o

Disccdvates g * momet

andardizotoa df qols,8Kospecthue oH
S
e igy emo te coppo
hann maie v
He
b e

4tfampthow Get
a

Gynchyon/zofion eqoe
SUmmo
Dus tostrou come
Neis teavteel
to on
ateqahaa
hoodg
tal hetvovkesDN)

1Eseluth hic baduietpoue

M)and hne qu o tradrol off uocd-4
ase lunel
'

T ove
kootas
/neveaS»d cole ludec vao
d elakh
Soph chcatvo
decveoad
ombiud
pre& ds
cost.

pcy o dhomnt?ods A
NRODOCtLON To S INALU. - A systo y be moela up P<l a|

LOp vts als olect, w ehoni eel by

SiNAH
tor itlo oXolta
hydvaolio systonshocdware ealizotio
1elephvone G1q ateleViuo o ba n qlqovetan fhef (-pot
may
dncotp to de lpsf qe
gno ake chos elepefouf sqtnove ooastru) v-lth
va nale ime

Slqnal CiZE OF A GI& NAL

ndepecle Yamalde F: hn D w ne
an eletYi col hatqe 1e estbotel due&

deate deu 4 fv cho

Spc XCtte mo

Diclo
S7sTEM
pLle
proútdhtet ydoms 90 aa
acopt htDuy
ch y o Axot becaate RK
ad elt ena luto Ymotts o em
apwhiele,bst oko t dlpatio
e
moa Ore beco o

k Anati axcxH gvioperehy

1 tz
Knon the tutue lcah o be hxge
a
sa 1D Ceuld
(odld cana|
heshke ongtux4t,a
Xeus
a
PosTve a u e qoinve

tracbo vaolo

ie rada sqnal Gize

Kmo omdrd by
-Ts oli oity ca
Ze as fu ax1q
past loaho ucdvaloef

he tog- ncd+ t), wweh is alayG po«rtive

Prpdy prts Li wn.tgvdta

Fcoloqna put)e
tveteHto
pprox retel

rd
i Yolks sq
i
a s q uyctam tutly theet
qn
inhro Can
be gonovclzA
to|
pasas a set ot 6lqvelepos)pEts)Lctplex Da
ld aont t oloed
otsehes g
 V2
gdt
-V
Wetc qtvotlze Lus

. e abovo oey
aore hovev,
marlo mta
onplx qo t
hove tracalle
hoOly
LarD mo hvauinqfol

ery het con be tvact-d -V

Y sq JeveC
tbiowe t g poy
m h overocpe bmic-) t
tut
Th

qqvo e y he plthdle cqvosed,

eaninatol m easUve g
n b mea sayovd Ycl
deed suo ve kocl dta is
A neaSon(onelnou

Value
Gtputuele Dou4

Yngial ott ftee Twmeas Gn RuuhhY evg

ave
tu
approa dai u t e exsts+
hay
a b t ool t e
v a l u e

an itde euy t
aiti prnodit or
Macnel
e
APDne dstahew xquley t
K n sahn
sucn 4 condhou

A Tovevace may not e

:g ,
fox l a n
a
kp t
lndletndely a
-

I 1lo Omplhde, t D elonr ho gtD-t erraras

Lo envg
OLdne1do
t
Pov en-st qox
noy
lch rte

-A
SIze

avovaae
Gple
Detox mino e o fle hoa suve f
balo Thaqa l

t Hbwee t pemoelC ae
POveK

Eq (3to letexmr

Pove

tplty t e proucloye o

by socenn ht
be $tdio Slqvol
c
P o
3
f q e l puctu eecl p
4oOuel tuo e

Overegug gD ouy ak lutly loo

1 ukevval idatial to avevq t our

e potlo

-0

cl

fox Poaocto Slqeils

t s gn e agy
t a t
6 u e Pextcd T

eat:
e
Sct= 4 d |

L
ot m valoe . o r e t oke, he ng vlue ot
 One uc

ksq s Diqe iqnals

Cau tke a t e nonbv

aloaolae Hf a dg
tanalk oy bk
CLASSIF AToN oF GIGSALS. (ompote ate dg
be ca ose

se aw everel cuGuot q"ls

ts
vglus
Sigs)
Cly
dawto t-
( Cin utd-he qu asse
Gmpnhde
A dig) qa an
M valar ian
Alg nd Pig 9
ch binauy 4noM:2) e a epuias
3) fetio aud Apexrahe qol
4nd diyefe
mex ghak
y ad
civ fme 9vauty fh va hr a q o )
min'che ancd pbmbbsho Scala
()t e /ho nzoui
a lbn a

a ud Dql sighe
aTLe tom & halq
Cot neds-he aud Diuckete tme Anature
6 soy hac, q uolity
qna l a b e l e De tsewets
/v»shco

tale a r e

na th u powhed b i every lue

DICeEto hme
t
1pethed oulyt dckeo volve Th
Ansha tohna
Nahne prdect (eip
Favoxely gnx

-stack mathet liay

dscete Hne
Anly ad Sigruls
ore phhud
Anog ignals- Aq
Valv i» ecni nous
Cav 1 Ke om qny

Yqhg geouchnsss ti
weang h] Cn aslog qia
m phhude Ch uke o an ltunto
nim oVau
alog, dlreiete 4 t
 Le 4 P&ioc Kigrel mo
maus
t p
- beau
tax at
t-o
stests ot soe tmle lrtact, ay
Saqme gtt T6) s
t n e -dhutted
(4Dcxete , dheciete ti a u d t T ) Putd
hest(al 1
cleor Hhot ne
1t i Andleg N

hime and elqta

nuska ty Cowhno
dsCxete h sgo, dehh
nee dhe1 be 1uret se,oi 4. potiodie
(ouh-ue ev
fo
A u analta sqn co b conegted
dq A[b covvau) Hhroyq
ahzshiuRod H)
PoRiecdio and. Apenedio ghekNon peeio
Peioeio 'nals
vbphecdo i
gt dad
9hagna
Pohe Conitanj o
-T- t
t
iqnosfted
shc peadic
smaldt valueo To h Obsoxve ha a

couelhio (Eq) the lateqa| mu Itiplk To

pe1odi aty y
Onchangee
be cousiclr6 -c
1H a y
ToeoKe Sqna prtod lo
e ocio

ove any

dofmho t ettod t e
Hoeve, b peilocd ch
lutesval thet sa Sh e
Cmallt
To e
.fLecefpore
Cenetiov
Pe &1oc
peioc 2
D-thoir
kpekiucdiu g l go complatrd a patlogn
1 S st pend hme tra e ra ll-d
A po ocdie heGsovabe
- A sqnal
peelodio
ldenticol Pe xtocls

67ele
n toll a Hsn
he omplehou
t
 P o d oud nqv
A-poclio qmal /No ptoclio
Che yC
clhn itout lno he q e L eels topletHe
pattesn
byclo f deaqhe

PKRI ODIo XNALO L

*claotHheed o

PeXlel heneite of fqvetcf a

) tnple ped Ag g i
l o theloq ghols Pevoc
COmpbete p

XA inple penedio analoq stgnals 4 -

lrt
nelo qnals
Perisclio,

S
A tonpoe
i Ctopo0
ad Anlg iog
io

Ma
Kiloo
tex
(MHA)

H
=10 AAAAAAAAAAA
ionou telo o} a petibel0
Mlisetod (s) 0 , 2H
a olog g** Hicseod s ) 10
A Volue

JAnetond (

tAAAAA
T
P:oc T 6Hx
Pa mete<s qua x
Payaet« ime
Tht d tesbe
y T e Hova m rane anplhee
pha bol f c l queca
(A) Peak Amphbide
Alcclote valve o t t wed eny ec rmall Prsd
tscodr

Propouo to te ewy itcaskes

fs elchac qhol paqK awplthle fqry i yde p econd

ho1waT
He), heb
GMphhilo sqmpla
hoca tq
- f e a k

Powe t e thoe

Gte Te pufrgime
te
pr&iel t n i s
Wae osm
1G.66 67ns
1 ert 0 )CL&

phase
 ne wave
Tao hose

looXi*S
odcg the oHh

A( weve D

,Ph otghie
oHz cek
ae
( 10 degyee -Asm
l KHz AmphhcletPeo
h 6, h
utcy 0-oINlz

8 tque D tte ot ckog

A y o alc n 1hg

ctange ch po cbauqo tn oveX Cgnal dosndelly

gh mequ |dw

log pa

pPhase posfo
N
T
syhel 6t y e.4fpl

phoe derck bes The Keel debsrasiv

. t&m to o N Me

Wavetoi
kelo hve
the lanro
ampwtuele

hee
Slne . huns 174
sotug
Wavoa
Thunk i
clted bchaxd ad oarc o tdffoxed phases
Cav e
f, here
fhe h e aRS EAple .
alqrg
oyele xt te
drb to ve ofeet
phere i deqne a sadigs
indi a t r
Pharn
hE cele oy koelia
meaSurei dig 1ycle
C Op l - t - r l 3 6 °

3 6 0 ° - 2 R e e

Heua pha re g e

Tadav
Pre t
aT

c 26 (owtpo nds to
A phas S t
C ple 7cl.
x3T rad
t o m p r els
Suftot 1&0
phere

1 0 onped h s
phae
of
 Vole5 fque-
Bnes pAplhd

ped t ect din Pvolvey

Navelonah i t distau a p e
4
hrove On e 1
tH
ae h= popgaho pa ecX pest 2 y dongis

pin lu SV tquevC
Pro paga b

peoeo hugt) egveoy aucd pia phtid ox

eanlp

Gompasito PMoclicAelig signolr

Go hoUer
Macle ony gtmpb
C:porc lat V (onmmnicatoL
Krpllahsur in &

wne and quen Doain

Acotcing JeanBophe tpoxe
A Copotd ghal achvally
hme- Poma in plot
Comhatio imple ne waws
shw henaee g aphbel An
wst hme e Aplvel Versus hne pl freqwhces aphvde
Gnd phacer
Pomca pSt
A tomp to o l Ca bs perdi
<howr e lahov dip a mplhicte
Apeicchie (do penidio)

be
PoaK VGlye
A peniocl o Compoufe Sidnol ca
decen p05dto a dele
- chevas O a h p o e t o e petlo aves diertefrer
veC tegvaloes)
Aayhd
ooK volue A hon poiloclis com ponte Sqr CCi loe

decO posed 1to a Conavatto

Slno Waud

A h te
mie
wave
dowqi peak voluel hev ra lva
 e A Compasit BandHidt lomposife qgrei
hqvwy)
Rors
Compose iga
Ctutzd

FAM
TAUUF ostee

C6 p igrio

Tme

is elecowpusd Lh
pe vntdi 1g
L qvondes
nnats ta
3o0, Sos, Jos
ove 10o
t

Pqud cHu Dranv h peehvw aUmiua

Meconpathe ylds tolfvwiq O PownP
hee maX\m

phele Apltrde phtude

Sl
Reury 31 jootHz )
a r c H t -t 1osHz -
foego3L ie
AA
.
'

Spectrom
Awplhiele
m doma
Constelque
AAwphhede
Baendhu potlz

1 Pore v1go:

vequenty dow
roy g
doecpott t mte
COM Peste

pequuoy 61 e hal deu poie D

Poe ga
fttePone
Avel t
pm tnut tunelaeut|
eporto

Hhw tauopo ord o s hovd, rqmel

 oTHR CIAL CASCIfI ATON
9:0t AND kRM DEPINTiode

hu
1 mfeand CAOL SIGAL
fay, a iqna
Kexo tux alwnof
Ko to p o ha-n sq dore Vtlue)
qral hat au

PHey qna
uthev words Giqnc 1 Poe
wm
ww
t
6 it gof at <
T a )KoN AUAL tL
wich hovc Zoxo
ALe lqnel
B observe tot pow y N hhe hre nraoe
volues , bafs paa1fve qud O
noyvay Sno me aw vaa Ov

n lAey laige ufrvo u

o-v ael a

Sg-ol it poe, ha nhe

Gn ensY aud ponreY a

6uHa ohe ael, ore

are
qho
uet a ta e ne o powe no
ANTi-CAusAL GratLSs

ave eD Valuoi aat po hve

qud Kqndom nqólt
(5) Deteymnsho e NGluas 41 te waahve
w qnd da
Deto tmnsho qalS
4 ie i
ncte plyyacal donsd pho
1gino M

Randor 9mk
1qia
Krnon y
kd O
dveh a moan Valu* EvERlENAL
pub Lhy desctipo
fvio asbun y-a(0da tvet
w Symme
mafvohat/ cararop, col
3 Coplete
eenphro