NSTP REVIEWER
Helps teachers have mastery of learning
MODULE 6: TOOLS IN
COMMUNITY/LITERACY SERVICE
- The Department of Education
recognizes that instructional planning
is essential to successful teaching and
learning (Enclosure to DepEd Order
No. 42, s2016).
- The legal basis of which is Article IV,
Section 2 of the Code of Ethics for
Professional Teachers adopted in 1997
through Board Resolution No. 435 by
the Board of Professional Teachers
stating that, “Every teacher the highest
standards of quality education, shall
make the best preparations for the
career of teaching, and shall be at his
best at all times in the practice of his
profession.”
INSTRUCTIONAL PLANNING
- Process of determining what learning
opportunities students in school will
have by:
1. Planning the content of instruction
2. Selecting teaching materials
3. Designing the learning activities and
grouping methods; and
4. Deciding on the pacing and allocation of
instructional time.
BENEFITS OF INSTRUCTIONAL PLANNING:
1. Increases teacher’s chance of carrying out
of a lesson successfully;
2. Allows teachers to be more confident
before starting a lesson;
3. Inculcates reflective practice as it allows
teachers to think about their teaching;
4. Facilitates learning and responds to
learner’s needs inside the classroom;
5.
and responds to learner’s needs inside
classroom;
6. Helps teachers relearn what they need to
teach;
7. Helps teachers know their learners, teach
what students need to learn – ensures
curriculum coverages, and;
8. Helps teachers identify expectations for
learners, choose the materials, and organize
the sequential activities.
LESSON PLANNING
The following is a detailed discussion of
lesson planning as indicated in enclosure to
DepEd No. 42, s. 2016.
- is one way of planning instruction.
- a way of visualizing a lesson before it is
taught.
- Lesson planning helps teachers set
learning targets.
- It also helps teachers guarantee that
learners reach those targets.
- By planning lessons, teachers are able
to see to it that daily activities inside
the classroom lead to learner progress
and achievement or the attainment of
learning outcomes.
Scrivener (2005), a planning a Lesson entails
“prediction, anticipation, sequencing, and
simplifying.” Lesson planning is a critical part
of the teaching and learning process.
LESSON PLANNING
A. What should be taught? - The teacher
must have a deep understanding of the
curriculum and strive to teach its
content.
B. How should it be taught? - With a
lesson plan, teachers can predict which
part ofthe lesson learners will have
difficulty understanding.
 C. How should learning be assessed? -
Effective teachers do not only prepare
lessons plans,they also prepare an
assessment or specifically a formative
assessment plan.
TEACHING STRATEGIES
- An instructional strategy is what a
teacher uses in the classroom to
achieve the objectives of a lesson.
- A teacher can use a strategy or a
combination of strategies.
EVALUATION TOOLS
- are necessary to assist teachers,
specially NSTP students, assess
engagement practices and evaluate the
progress of the children being taught.
- Ron Spreeuwenberg (August 25,
2015), listed a number of education
assessment tools that can be used to
better assess the progress of the
children.
EMERGENT LITERACY
- Considering that most of the children being
taught in partner communities are a street
child and/ or those who have not attended a
formal school yet, it is important to
understand the concept of emergent literacy,
which is an appropriate approach in the
conduct of Literacy Training Services.
WHAT IS EMERGENT LITERACY?
- Defined as the developmental steps a
young child takes prior to actually
reading text, including interacting with
a book, responding text and
pretending at reading or writing before
actually being able to do so.
A number of skills and abilities define a
student’s acquisition of emergent literacy. To
successfully achieve this, a student should
manifest:
1. PRINT MOTIVATION - the first step of
emergent literacy. Through this step,
children become interested in print
materials because this step occurs the
child can actually read or write.
2. VOCABULARY - significant predictor to
a child’s overall academic achievement.
Vocabulary can be measured or seen
as a child’s ability to know to read or
write.
3. PRINT AWARENESS - the step in which
children learn how to handle a book
and begin to recognize the differences
between letters and words.
4. NARATIVE SKILLS - refer to the literacy
step when children develop the ability
to tell a story or describe a sequence of
events.
5. LETTER AWARENESS - occurs when
children understand that letters are
unique from each other and begin to
recognize different letters and their
sounds.
6. PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS - the
process by which children begin to
understand that words are made up of
different sounds or phonemes, and
that stringing these sounds together
creates words and results in meaning.
NUMERACY TRAINING SERVICE
- development of numeracy skills
involves the act of teaching children
the concepts and skills in ways that
relationships and connections are
formed and apply them meaningfully
in their daily experiences.
NUMERACY IN THE EARLY YEARS can figure out how to break words into parts
when trying to sound them out.
- Children’s thinking in the early years is
naturally dominated by their
perception or what their senses tell
them. To help them in the learning and
development of various abstract
numeracy concepts, teachers must
provide them with opportunities to:
• explore with objects
• hear the sounds of the words
representing the objects
• look at pictures of the objects
• recognize written words or symbols in
their daily play experiences
• talk about their solutions when solving
problems
COMPUTER-BASED LITERACY
- a comprehensive series of training
courses that teaches the essential
computer concepts and skills needed
in today’s digital world.
Some of the topics in the computer literacy
training course are the following:
a. basic computer skills
b. surfing the internet
c. email
d. Microsoft office
SUGGESTED COMMUNITY OUTREACH
PROGRAM
- Talking, singing, playing sound and
word games, reading, writing, and
drawing with children are great ways to
set a good literacy foundation.
PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS – HEAR AND
KNOW SOUNDS ON WORDS
When children recognize rhymes, syllables
and beginning sounds in words, they
MODULE 7: PROGRAM MONITORING AND
EVALUATION
TYPES OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION
• MONITORING - the systematic and
routine collection of data during
project implementation for the
purpose of establishing whether an
intervention is moving towards the set
objectives or project goals. In this case,
data is collected throughout the life
cycle of the project.
• PROCESS MONITORING/PHYSICAL
PROGRESS MONITORING - routine
data is collected and analyzed in order
to establish whether the project tasks
and activities are leading towards the
intended project results. It
authenticates the progress of the
project towards the intended results.
• TECHNICAL MONITORING - involves
assessing the strategy that is being
used in project implementation to
establish whether it is achieving the
required results. It involves the
technical aspects of the project such as
the activities to be conducted.
• ASSUMPTION MONITORING - Any
project has its working assumptions
which have to be clearly outlined in the
project log frame. Assumption
monitoring involves measuring these
factors which are external to the
project.
• FINANCIAL MONITORING - Just like the
name suggests, financial monitoring
simply refers to monitoring project/
program expenditure and comparing
them with the budgets prepared at the
planning stage.
• IMPACT MONITORING - a type of
monitoring which continually assesses
the impact of project activities to the
target population.
TYPES OF EVALUATION
• PARTICIPATORY - Evaluation in which
representatives of agencies and
stakeholders work together in
designing, carrying out and
interpreting an evaluation.
• PROCESS BASED - an evaluation of the
internal dynamics of a project, its
policy instruments, its service delivery
mechanisms, its management
practices, and the linkages among
these.
• OUTCOME BASED EVALUATION - it
facilitates the asking if the organization
is doing right activities to bring about
the expected outcomes.
10 STEPS TO DESIGN A MONITORING AND
EVALUATION (M&E) SYSTEM
STEP 1: DEFINE THE SCOPE AND PURPOSE -
This step involves identifying the evaluation
audience and the purpose of the M&E
system. M&E purposes include supporting
management and decision-making, learning,
accountability and stakeholder engagement.
STEP 2: DEFINE THE EVALUATION QUESTIONS
- Evaluation questions should be developed
up-front and in collaboration with the primary
audience(s) and other stakeholders who you
intend to report to. Evaluation questions go
beyond measurements to ask the higher
order questions such as whether the
intervention is worth it or if it could have
been achieved in another way.
STEP 3: IDENTIFY THE MONITORING
QUESTIONS - The monitoring questions will
ideally be answered through the collection of
quantitative and qualitative data. It is
important to not start collecting data without
thinking about the evaluation and monitoring
questions. This may lead to collecting data
just for the sake of collecting data (that
provides no relevant information to the
programme). organisational indicators, developing
protocols or methodologies for service-user
STEP 4: IDENTIFY THE INDICATORS AND DATA
participation, designing report templates,
SOURCES - In this step you identify what
developing protocols for when and how
information is needed to answer your
evaluations and impact assessments are
monitoring questions and where this
carried out, developing learning mechanisms,
information will come from (data sources). It
designing databases and the list goes on
is important to consider data collection in
Simister, 2009.
terms of the type of data and any types of
research design. STEP 8: USE THE INFORMATION DERIVED
FROM STEP 1-7 ABOVE TO FILL IN THE ‘M&E
STEP 5 IDENTIFY WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
SYSTEM ‘TEMPLATE - You can choose from
DATA COLLECTION, DATA STORAGE,
any of the templates presented in this article
REPORTING, BUDGET AND TIMELINES -
to capture the information. Remember, they
Collection of monitoring data may occur
are templates, not cast in stone. Feel free to
regularly over short intervals, or less regularly,
add extra columns or categories as you see fit.
such as half-yearly or annually. Likewise the
timing of evaluations (internal and external) STEP 9 INTEGRATE THE M&E SYSTEM
should be noted. It is advisable to assign HORIZONTALLY AND VERTICALLY – SIMISTER
responsibility for the data collection and (2009) - Where possible, integrate the M&E
reporting so that everyone is clear of their system horizontally (with other organizational
roles and responsibilities. systems and processes) and vertically (with
the needs and requirements of other
- LogAlto is a user-friendly cloud-based
agencies).
M&E software that stores all
information related to the programme STEP 10: PILOT AND THEN ROLL-OUT THE
such as the entire log frame (showing SYSTEM - Once everything is in place, the M&
the inputs, activities, outputs, E system may be first rolled out on a small
outcomes) as well as the quantitative scale, perhaps just at the Country Office level.
and qualitative indicators with This will give the opportunity for feedback
baseline, target and milestone values. and for the ‘kinks to be ironed out’ before a
full scale launch. This could include guides,
STEP 6: IDENTIFY WHO WILL EVALUATE THE
training manuals, mentoring approaches, staff
DATA HOW IT WILL BE REPORTED - In most
exchanges, interactive media, training days or
programmes there will be an internal and an
workshops.
independent evaluation (conducted by an
external consultant). For an evaluation to be
used (and therefore useful) it is important to
present the findings in a format that is
appropriate to the audience.
STEP 7: DECIDE ON STRANDARD FORMS AND
PROCEDURES - Once the M&E system is
designed there will be a need for planning
templates, designing or adapting information
collection and analysis tools, developing
MODULE 8: ACCOMPLISHMENT AND
NARRATIVE REPORT PREPARARTION
HOW TO FORMAT AN ACCOMPLISHMENT
REPORT – Instead of writing several pages of
dense paragraphs, which can be difficult to
absorb, it’s best to vary the formatting of your
report. It can be done in a tabular format. You
can include photographs of your activities and
those who helped accomplish your goals.
EXAMPLE:
I. Project Title:
II. Duration:
III. Proponent/S:
IV. Budget/ Source of Fund:
V. Project Summary:
VI. Accomplished Activities:
So here are the steps that will help you make
a proper accomplishment report summary:
1. OPEN WITH A SUMMARY PARAGRAPH
- At the very top of your
accomplishment report, you’re going
to have to provide a summary of the
report’s entire overview. This will
basically give the reader a short
rundown of the things that you’ve
managed to accomplish.
2. PROVIDE DETAILS THAT WILL BACKUP
THE POINTS IN YOUR SUMMARY
- Since you’ve already provided your
points, the next step is to back them
up. This would mean you’re going to
have to point out specifics further
down in the report. Use outline form.
3. MAKE USE OF PROFESSIONAL
FORMATTING
- You don’t want your report to look like
a jumbled mess or something that you
just decided to cook up last minute.
You want the document to look
organized, in a professional font, and
on paper that will make it look even
better.
4. KEEP TRACK OF TIME PERIOD WHERE
YOU HAVE TO WRITE DOWN ALL
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
- It’s best that you have a journal in
which you can write down all of the
details regarding how certain goals
have been accomplished.
5. PROVIDE VISUALS
- Include a few charts or graphs if you
think they will help the reader visualize
all of the data you want to present in
the report.
6. FOCUS ON THE CHALLENGE, ACTIONS,
AND RESULT
- This is one of the best techniques that
will help you document and organize
your accomplishments and it’s
recommended that you do this.
7. FOCUS ON YOUR ACCOMPLISHMENTS
- This is the main reason for your entire
report. While you’re picking out all of
the school – related accomplishments
that you want to present in the report,
you have to think about the ones that
are relevant to the objectives and
those that you are particularly proud
of.
8. EXPLAIN YOUR VALUE
- Don’t just point out the results of what
you’ve worked hard for, you also want
to point out just how valuable these
accomplishments are to you.
9. PROOFREAD THE REPORT BEFORE
SUBMISSION
- Remember to treat this as a
formal document as the information
in here is what you’re going to present
to your professor and classmates if
ever.
DISCUSSING NARRATIVE REPORT to know about how to write an
accomplishment and narrative report
- Narrative Report Writing is the process
for a project.
of writing a report in a story-like
manner. It narrates events in a
sequential manner that has a
beginning, body, and conclusion.
THE DETAILS OF NARRATIVE REPORT
- When making a narrative report, you
need to stick to the details that should
be known by the readers. Since this
report focuses on what happened, you
need to spice it with journalistic
elements.
THE STRUCTURE OF A NARRATIVE REPORT
• THE INTRODUCTION - You should
ensure that this section of your report
gives the reader the topic you are
going to discuss. Let it grab the
attention of your reader.
• THE BODY - This section of your report
will have all the details that strengthen
what you introduced in the first
paragraph.
• THE CONCLUSION - This section of
your narrative report should
summarize your ideas as you
presented them in the body. Ensure
that your conclusion interweaves
everything in a single theme.
1. Proofing and editing your report -
You have to proofread the report to
spot and remove any grammar
errors. You should also check it to
ensure that it flows as per the
instructions and whether you have
written everything within your
topic.
This lesson has provided you with a
comprehensive coverage of what you
need