GLOSSARY

ADJACENT ANGLES: Supplementary angles that have a common side.

COMPLETE ANGLES: Two angles for which the sum of their measures is equal to 180º.

SUPPLEMENTARY ANGLES: Two angles for which the sum of their measures is equal to 180º.

B.

BICONDITIONAL: The biconditional, or double implication is the proposition composed of two

simple statements linked by the logical connective "if and only if".

BISECTRIX OF AN ANGLE: Ray that starts from the vertex and divides an angle into two angles of
equal measure.

C.

COMPLEMENT OF A SET: The complement of a set A is another set formed by the elements of the
universal set U that do not belong to the set A. It is symbolized U-A.

DISJOINT SETS: Two sets A and B are disjoint if they have no common elements.

INTERSECTING SETS: Two sets A and B are interesting if they have common elements.

SQUARE: Quadrilateral whose four internal angles measure 90º and whose angles have the same
measure.

QUADRILATERAL: Region limited by four segments, among which there are not three collinear.

QUANTIFIER: Mathematical symbol that indicates the number of elements of a set that meet a
certain condition.

D.

DATA: Quantities or measures obtained from observations, comparisons and application of

surveys.

EXACT DECIMAL: Decimal representation of a rational number whose decimal part is infinite.

PERIODIC DECIMAL: Decimal representation of a rational number whose decimal part is made up
of a number or finite set of numbers that are repeated indefinitely. The repeating period is noted
by writing a segment on top of said tokens.

PROOF: Logical reasoning that is carried out to conclude the thesis of a theorem.

FACTOR DECOMPOSITION: Any expression that relates numbers by means of the symbols < AND >.
SET DIFFERENCE: The difference between two sets A and B is the set formed by the elements that
belong to A and that do not belong to B.

SYMMETRICAL DIFFERENCE: Set of elements that belong to A U B and do not belong to A n B.

DIVISOR: A number a is a divisor of a number b when the division of b by a is exact.

AND

EQUATION: Equality between two algebraic expressions. Which is valid only for certain values of
the variables.

AXIS OF SYMMETRY OF A FIGURE: Line that divides it into two parts that coincide exactly.

SCALE: Reason that indicates the relationship between the real dimensions and those of a drawing
representing reality.

STATISTICS: Science responsible for the collection, organization, analysis, representation and
interpretation of data from which it draws conclusions.

SYMMETRICAL FIGURES: Two figures are symmetric about an axis L, if all the corresponding pairs
of points in said figures are equidistant from the axis L.

DECIMAL FRACTION: Fraction whose denominator is a power of 10.

IMPROPER FRACTION: A fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator.

PROPER FRACTION: Fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator.

EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS: Fractions that express the same quantity. In them the product of their
diagonal terms is equal.

ADSOLUTE FREQUENCY: Number of times a certain value of the statistical variable being studied is
repeated.

ACCUMULATED FREQUENCY: Number of events that have occurred or individuals that present a
characteristic of the variable up to the moment considered.

RELATIVE FREQUENCY: Ratio between the absolute frequency and the number of individuals in the
population in a statistical study.

Yo

IMPLICATION OR CONDITIONAL: Preposition composed of two simple prepositions linked by the

logical connective "then".
INFORMATION: Result of data processing.

INTERSECTION: The intersection between two sets A and B is the set formed by the common
elements of A n B.

POLYGONAL LINE: Union of continuous segments.

GREATEST COMMON DIVISOR: The gcf of two or more numbers is equal to the product of their
common prime factors with their smallest exponent.

MIDITRIX OF A SEGMENT: Perpendicular line that passes through the midpoint of a segment.

LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE: The lcm of two or more numbers is the product of all the prime
factors.

No.

NUMERAL: Symbol that represents a fixed quantity.

NUMBER: Idea associated one by one to each numeral.

COMPOSITE NUMBERS: Those that can be expressed as the product of two or more prime
numbers.

PRIME NUMBERS: Numbers that have only two divisors: one and the number itself.

ORDERED PAIR: Pair formed by two elements in which the order is decisive.

COINCIDENT PLANES: Two planes that have non-collinear common points.

PARALLEL PLANES: Two planes that have no point in common.

SECANT PLANES: Two planes that intersect to determine a common line.

POPULATION: Set of individuals, objects or phenomena which it is desired to study one or several
characteristics.

CONCAVE POLYGON: Polygon that has an interior angle greater than 180º.

COVEX POLYGON: Polygon that has an angle less than 180º.

REGULAR POLYGON: Polygon in which the measure of all its sides is the same and the opening of
its interior angles is the same.
PERCENTAGE: Result of applying the percentage to a given amount.

POWER: Expression used to indicate the multiplication of a factor by itself a certain number of
times.

RELATIVE PRIME: Numbers whose only common divisor is 1.

R.

NTH ROOT: The nth root of a number P is B, if B raised to n is equal to P.

DECIMAL REPRESENTATION OF A RATIONAL NUMBER: Numerical expression formed by an integer

part and a decimal part separated by means of a comma or decimal point.

ADJASENT SEGMENTS: Two segments that are on opposite rays and have a common origin on it.

CONTIGUOUS SYSTEM: Two segments that have a common endpoint, but are not contained in the
same line.

NUMBERING SYSTEM: Set of symbols with well-defined rules of combination. These symbols are
used to represent quantities and perform operations with them.

Subset: A set A is a subset of B if all the elements of A are in B.

OR

UNION: The union between two sets A AND B is the set formed by the elements that belong to
one or the other set counted only once, it is written A U B.