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Positive & Negative Effects of Tourism

Positive Economic Effects of Tourism
Job creation is paramount to any discussion about tourism's positive economic effects. The 2017
Economic Impact Report by the World Travel & Tourism Council indicates / suggests / reveals that
the industry generates one out of 10 jobs worldwide, growing at a pace/rate that outperforms
employment in the global economy for the sixth consecutive year / in six consecutive years. The
report also indicates that among new jobs, the sector accounts for one in five.

Negative Economic Effects of Tourism

Foreseen / unforeseen

Unexpected and unforeseeable events such as terrorism, political upheaval, impactful/adverse

weather conditions and natural disasters can wreak havoc/ cause large damages on a region,
negatively affecting inbound tourism for considerable periods of time. The more dependent a
destination is on tourism, the more the impact will be felt and the longer recovery will take.

The more the merrier.

More money, more happiness.

The more money, the more happiness I have.

Positive Environmental Effects of Tourism

Education about the reasons for sustainable tourism places a spotlight on responsible planning. As
more consumers become aware of the lasting benefits of "take only pictures, leave only footprints,"
we can better respect nature and minimize the impact on any habitat we visit.

Urban planning / quy hoạch đô thị

Negative Environmental Effects of Tourism

Too many tourists can have a negative impact on the quality of life. Known as overtourism, this
phenomenon/development/trend is creating a burden in such destinations as rural Patagonia, Chile,
and urban Barcelona, Spain. The slopes of Mount Everest are littered and, in Iceland, tourists far
outnumber the resident population. In the U.S. where the top 10 parks saw more than 44 million
visitors in 2016, the National Park Service is looking for ways to protect natural treasures in light of
year-on-year increases in visitor numbers.

See / observe / experience / witness

Positive Effects of Mega Events
A rotating mega event, such as the Olympics, the World Cup or even a pop-up happening such as a
high profile/popular royal wedding, will benefit a host destination by attracting global attention. Large
numbers of spectators visit, injecting significant cash into the local economy. International sporting
events also serve as catalysts for longer term improvements in stadiums, facilities, transportation
and infrastructures. For Athens, Greece, in 2004 and for Pyeongchang, South Korea, in 2018, this
even meant new airport terminals.

 Celebrate (verb)
 Celebrity / Celebrities = famous people

Negative Effects of Mega Events

Those rows of empty arena seats at the London 2012 Olympics have been attributed to the toxic
fear of crowds, disruption and ultra high prices that served to block intentions of locals and travelers.
We've all observed that the legacy left by hosting a major event can hurt a local economy more than
it benefits. In years following the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, venues went unused although the
city chalked up a $15 billion price tag. Four years later, the same thing happened at the far more
costly Beijing Olympics. During the 2013 America's Cup, "equal amounts of civic pride and political
controversy" were generated, reported the San Francisco Chronicle, which also reported the unpaid
tab for the host city was $11.5 million.

Positive Social Effects of Tourism

Tourism has long been cited by world leaders as a driver of peace and security through
understanding. In the 21st century, tourism is closely linked to development, embracing a growing
number of new destinations – hence new jobs. Tourism can create civic pride by encouraging
cultivation and sharing of local customs, food, traditions and festivals. Personal exchanges between
hosts and guests goes a long way toward fostering better cultural understanding. Tour operators are
focusing on the experiential travel trend, providing more authentic/genuine/real/real-life and
immersive experiences for their guests. Open spaces and national parks in countries around the
world are good for replenishing both body and soul, but traffic jams are not a good look.

Traffic jams

Heavy traffic

Traffic congestion

Negative Social Effects of Tourism

While tourism can help preserve cultures, it can also water them down via commercialization and
cookie-cutter approaches. Airbnb's advertising has attacked the sameness of hotels, suggesting real
people's homes in real neighborhoods as an alternative. There is nothing authentic about a hotel's
nightly staging of an indoor Hawaiian luau featuring acrobatic fire dancers or the "Venetian" gondola
that plies a fake canal on the Vegas strip in the shadow of the "Eiffel Tower." Such features have
none of the social benefits that a truly genuine travel experience can produce.
https://www.tourismeconomics.com/economic-impact/visitor-economy/

Visitor Economy
Understand the full economic value of visitors to your destination, including impacts on
jobs, wages, GDP, and taxes. Tourism Economics has worked with hundreds of
national, state, and city tourism offices to provide a foundational analysis of the
importance of the visitor economy.

The economic importance of tourism to a destination is commonly under-appreciated

and extends well beyond core hospitality and transportation sectors.

Tourism Economics offers a solution to destination marketing organizations (DMOs) and

to industry associations that marries rigorous methodology and compelling
communication to raise the profile of tourism as an economic engine.

Our approach combines visitor survey and industry data to provide maximum credibility
and to ensure no component of tourism activity is overlooked.

Tourism Economics' impact models also capture the critical secondary benefits to the
tourism supply chain and the economic gains through the local spending of tourism
wages.

This provides a comprehensive view of tourism-generated sales, production,

employment, wages, and taxes. But the best research is only as good as its
communication. Our clients enjoy a presentation style of clear and compelling narrative,
charts, tables, and maps. In this way, the message of tourism's importance is clearly
conveyed and our clients' objectives are realized.