Lars van den Broek, s1067122

1. The p-value of the income-effect on satisfaction with democracy is calculated by

dividing the regression coefficient by the standard error of the model. This results in a
t-value which corresponds with a p-value. This corresponding p-value can be found in
a t-distribution table.
The p-value shows us the probability of finding the analysed sample if the null-
hypothesis is true which states that there is no relation between people’s income and
satisfaction with democracy in their country. If the p-value is smaller than the alpha
used the null-hypothesis is rejected.
By looking at the output in SPSS we can see that the income-effect on satisfaction on
democracy is a positive relation with a coefficient of 0,117 and this effect is
statistically significant as it has a p-value of <0,001.
2. We can calculate the predicted and residual value by hand using the regression
coefficient and constant, the income of the person with identification number 25 and
the actual value of satisfaction with democracy for this person. By multiplying the
value of hinctna with the regression coefficient and adding the constant to this number
we get the model’s predicted value of stfdem. If we then subtract the predicted value
from the actual value of stfdem we are left with the residual value for the first case
with idno = 25.
PRE_1 = 0,117 * 7 + 5,693 = 6,512
RES_1 = 7 – 6,512 = 0,488
3. The estimated age-effect is represented by a coefficient of -0,009 with a p-value of
<0,001. The coefficient represents the estimated amount of change in the satisfaction
with democracy by moving one unit on the age variable in our linear regression model.
The p-value is the statistical significance of the relation. It shows the likeliness of this
dataset occurring if the null-hypothesis is correct.
We can interpret the age effect by using this coefficient and its significance. With
significance level of either α = 0,05 or α = 0,01 we can conclude that the effect is
statistically significant, and the null-hypothesis is rejected.
4.
* Encoding: UTF-8.
get file = 'C:\Users\lvdbr\Desktop\PSRM II\Data\ESS9NL.sav'.

frequencies stfdem.

DESCRIPTIVES stfdem.

graph
/HISTOGRAM(NORMAL)=stfdem.

frequencies
stfdem gndr agea hinctnta.

descriptives
stfdem gndr agea hinctnta.

correlations
/variables=stfdem gndr agea hinctnta
 Lars van den Broek, s1067122

/missing=listwise.

********************
Assignment 2
********************.

*Running regression on income relation to democracy satisfaction.

regression
/dependent stfdem
/method=enter hinctnta.

*sorting cases by identification number.

sort cases by idno.

*Saving predicted values and residuals as new variables.

regression
/dependent stfdem
/method=enter hinctnta
/save=pred resid.

*listing variables PRE_1 and RES_1 from case 1.

list variables= idno stfdem PRE_1 RES_1 hinctnta

/cases=1.

*Running regression on age relation to democracy satisfaction.

regression
/dependent stfdem
/method=enter agea.