Life of Rizal: An Overview (Glimpse) free, as a farmer, agriculturist, engineer, helped

a lot of people there)

 Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso  He was accused as part of the revolutionary led
Realonda by Bonifacio
 Born on June 19, 1861 at Calamba, Laguna  He was in prison at Fort Santiago, he wrote Mi
 Parents: Francisco Mercado Rizal and Teodora Ultimo Adios means a Great Love of Country
Alonso y Quintos  After a mock trial, he was convicted of rebellion,
 Rizal has 9 sisters and 1 brother, Paciano Rizal sedition and forming illegal association and
played a vital role in molding Rizal’s mind sentence to death on December 30, 1896
against Spanish governance
 First teacher is his mother
 Sa Aking Mga Kababata-his first poem, theme:
Love of the Country
 Elementary Days, Rizal beat all his classmates
academically
 As an ordinary typical student/pupil Rizal met
different challenges such as bullying
 His family really mourned about the martyrdom
of three priests: Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora
(Gomburza)

 Ateneo Municipal – he obtained Bachelor of

Arts (excellent)
 He also enrolled Philosophy and Letters at
University of Sto. Tomas and took courses
leading to engineering and finished them until
he passed the exam
 He also enrolled medicine at UST (1878) but he
failed to win high scholastic honors because of
the unfriendly attitude of the professors
towards Filipino students (were called Indio)
 He continued his studies at the Central
Universidad de Madrid at the age of 23, he was
also conferred the degree of Licentiate in
Medicine
 At the age of 24, he finished his course in
Philosophy and Letters with a grade of
excellent.

The Secret Mission

 In the hope of securing political and social
reforms for his country ad at the same time
educate his countrymen, Rizal, the greatest
apostle of Filipino nationalism, published while
in Europe, several works with highly
nationalistic and revolutionary tendencies.
 Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo (Touch
Me Not, The Reign of the Greed)

His Exile and Death

 The Exile in Dapitan: a fruitful stay for 4 years
and 13 days (productive, built relationships with
locals of Dapitan, served as an eye doctor for
A TRIBUTE TO OUR NATIONAL HERO, DR. JOSE P.
RIZAL
 Childhood
 Education
 Exile
 Death and Martyrdom
Rizal’s Childhood….
 In Calamba, Laguna 19 June 1861, Jose Rizal, the
seventh child of Francisco Mercado Rizal and
Teodora Alonso y Quintos, was born in
Calamba, Laguna. 22 June 1861.
 He was baptized JOSE RIZAL MERCADO at the
Catholic of Calamba by the parish priest Rev.
Rufino Collantes with Rev. Pedro Casañas as the
sponsor.
 The parochial church of Calamba and the
canonical books, including the book in which
Rizal’s baptismal records were entered, were
burned. (September 28, 1862)
 Barely three years old, on 1864, Rizal learned
the alphabet from his mother, who served as
his first teacher. His father hired a classmate by
the name of Leon Monroy who, for five months
until his (Monroy) death, taught Rizal the
rudiments of Latin.
 On 1865, his sister Conception, the eight child in
the Rizal family, died at the age of three. It was
on this occasion that Rizal remembered having
shed real tears for the first time.
 He advised Rizal: "Work hard and perform every
task very carefully; learn to be swift as well as
thorough; be independent in thinking and make
visual pictures of everything."
 At about this time two of his mother’s cousin
frequented Calamba. Uncle Manuel Alberto,
seeing Rizal frail in body, concerned himself
with the physical development of his young
nephew and taught the latter love for the Open
air and developed in him a great admiration for
the Beauty of nature, while Uncle Gregorio, a
scholar, instilled into the mind of the boy love
for education.
 In 1869 at the age of eight, Rizal wrote his first
poem Entitled “Sa Aking Mga Kabata.“ The
poem was written in Tagalog and had for its
theme “Love of One’s Language."
First School…..
 One Sunday afternoon in June, 1869, Jose and
his brother Paciano left Calamba for Binan. The
next morning (Monday) Paciano brought Jose to
the school of Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz.
 In the afternoon of his first day in school, Jose
met the bully, Pedro. He was angry at this bully
for making fun of him during his conversation
with the teacher. Jose challenged Pedro to a
fight. Jose, having learned the art of wrestling
from his athletic Tio Manuel, defeated the
bigger boy.
 After the class, a classmate named Andres
Salandanan challenged him to an arm-wrestling
match. Jose, having the weaker arm, lost and
nearly cracked his head on the sidewalk.
 Near the school was the house of an old
painter, called Juancho. Jose spent hours at the
painter’s studio. Juancho freely gave him
lessons in drawing and painting. Jose and his
classmate, Jose Guevarra, who also loved
painting, became apprentices of the old painter.
 In academic studies, Jose beat all Binan boys.
He surpassed them all in Spanish, Latin, and
other subjects. They were all jealous of his
intellectual superiority.
 Before the Christmas season in 1870, Jose
received a letter from his sister Saturnina,
informing him of the arrival of the steamer
Talim which would take him from Binan to
Calamba. He left Binan on Saturday afternoon,
December 17, 1870.
 The Gomburza’s martyrdom was deeply
mourned by the Rizal family especially Paciano
and many other patriotic families in the
Philippines. (Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora),
despite the archbishop’s plea for clemency
because of their innocence, were executed at
sunrise, February 17, 1872, by the order of
Governor General Izquierdo.
Ateneo Municipal
 In 1877, at the age of 16, he obtained his
Bachelor of Arts degree with an average of
"excellent" from the Ateneo Municipal de
Manila. In the same year, he enrolled in
Philosophy and Letters at the University of
Santo Tomas, while at the same time took
 courses leading to the degree of surveyor and
expert assessor at the Ateneo.
 In the same year, he enrolled in Philosophy and
Letters at the University of Santo Tomas, while
at the same time took courses leading to the
degree of surveyor and expert assessor at the
Ateneo.
 He finished the latter course on March 21, 1877
and passed the Surveyor’s examination on May
21, 1878; but because of his age, 17, he was not
granted license to practice the profession until
December 30, 1881.
 In 1878, he enrolled in medicine at the
University of Santo Tomas. Because of the
unfriendly attitude of his professors towards
Filipino students, Rizal failed to win high
scholastic honors.
Rizal’s Decision to Study Abroad
 On May 3, 1882, he sailed for Spain where he
continued his studies at the Central Universidad
de Madrid. On June 21, 1884, at the age of 23,
he was conferred the degree of Licentiate in
Medicine and on June 19,1885, at the age of 24,
he finished his course in Philosophy and Letters
with a grade of "excellent.
Central Unibersidad de Madrid..
 Where Rizal continued his studies abroad..
The Secret Mission
 In the hope of securing political and social
reforms for his country and at the same time
educate his countrymen, Rizal, the greatest
apostle of Filipino nationalism, published, while
in Europe, several works with highly
nationalistic and revolutionary tendencies.
 Having traveled extensively in Europe, America
and Asia, he mastered 22 languages. These
include Arabic, Catalan, Chinese, English,
French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Italian,
Japanese, Latin, Malayan, Portuguese, Russian,
Sanskrit, Spanish, Tagalog, and other native
dialects.
 In March 1887, his daring book, NOLI ME
TANGERE, a satirical novel exposing the
arrogance and despotism of the Spanish clergy,
was published in Berlin;
 In 1890 he reprinted in Paris, Morga’s
SUCCESSOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS with his
annotations to prove that the Filipinos had a
civilization worthy to be proud of even long
before the Spaniards set foot on Philippine soil;
on September 18, 1891, EL FILIBUSTERISMO, his
second novel and a sequel to the NOLI and
more revolutionary and tragic than the latter,
was printed in Ghent.
 As a consequence, he and those who had
contacts with him, were shadowed; the
authorities were not only finding faults but even
fabricating charges to pin him down.
 Thus, he was imprisoned in Fort Santiago from
July 6, 1892 to July 15, 1892 on a charge that
anti -friar pamphlets were found in the luggage
of his sister Lucia who arrive with him from
Hong Kong.
The Exile….
 Rizal was exiled in Dapitan. During this time,
Rizal won a Lottery. He used his winning to
purchase a land which made him he engaged in
agriculture, fishing and business; he maintained
and operated a hospital; he conducted classes-
taught his pupils the English and Spanish
languages, the arts.
Houses built for Rizal in Dapitan which served as
his Home,.
 This house was intended to be a house where
Rizal would stay with his sisters during their
regular visit.
 A house for Rizal’s students to learn
 The sciences, vocational courses including
agriculture, surveying, sculpturing, and painting,
as well as the art of self defense; he did some
researches and collected specimens; he entered
into correspondence with renowned men of
letters and sciences abroad; and with the help
 of his pupils, he constructed water dam and a
relief map of Mindanao - both considered
remarkable engineering feats.
 When the Philippine Revolution started on
August 26, 1896, his enemies lost no time in
pressing him down. They were able to enlist
witnesses that linked him with the revolt and
these were never allowed to be confronted by
him.
 A versatile genius, he was an architect, artists,
businessman, cartoonist, educator, economist,
ethnologist, scientific farmer, historian,
inventor, journalist, linguist, musician,
mythologist, nationalist, naturalist, novelist,
opthalmic surgeon, poet, propagandist,
psychologist, scientist, sculptor, sociologist, and
theologian.

Martyrdom….

 On November 3, Rizal came back to the

Philippines via Colon steamship, And the
Preliminary Investigation for Rizal started.
Evidences were presented both testimonial and
documentary. With his defender, Don Luis
Taviel de Andrade, Rizal was given the right to
create his own defense council.

 In his prison cell (Fort Santiago), he wrote an

untitled poem, now known as "Ultimo Adios"
which is considered a masterpiece and a living
document expressing not only the hero’s great
love of country but also that of all Filipinos.
 After a mock trial, he was convicted of rebellion,
sedition and of forming illegal association.
 On December 28, 1896, Gov. Polavieja
approved the decision of the court martial and
ordered at Bagumbayan field (now Luneta).

 In the cold morning of December 30, 1896,

Rizal, a man whose 35 years of life had been
packed with varied activities which proved that
the Filipino has capacity to equal if not excel
even those who treat him as a slave, was shot at
Bagumbayan Field.

“I die just when I see the dawn break, Through the

gloom of night, to herald the day; And if color is
lacking my blood thou shalt take, Pour’d out at need
for thy dear sake, To dye with its crimson the waking
ray.”

--Rizal(3rd stanza of Rizal’s farewell poem) Mi Ultimo

Adios

Attributes to Rizal..