ST. JOSEPH’S INSTITUTE, INC.

Technology and Livelihood Education

Candon City, Ilocos Sur GRADE 7
School Year 2021 – 2022 HANDOUT # 3

IMPORTANCE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROCEDURES

What is health and safety procedure?

- Health and Safety procedures are a set of standardized actions that detail every step needed to  conduct
a job safely, with the aim of minimizing health and safety risk to people and the workplace

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

- is a large regulatory agency of the United States Department of Labor that originally had federal visitorial
powers to inspect and examine workplaces.

HAZARDS AND RISKS

Hazards
- is something that can cause harm, ex. electricity, chemicals, working up a ladder, noise, a keyboard, a
bully at work, stress, etc.
Risks
- is the chance, high or low, that any hazard will cause somebody harm.

Types of hazards and its effect

There are a lot of ways to get hurt on the job and no workplace is ever completely and totally free of hazards. Even
if you work in a seemingly safe environment like an office, it’s still entirely possible to encounter at least one type of hazard
at work.

1. Physical hazards
 are environmental factors that can harm an employee without necessarily touching them, including
heights, noise, radiation, and pressure.
2.  Biological hazards
 include viruses, bacteria, insects, animals, etc., that can cause adverse health impacts. For example,
mould, blood and other bodily fluids, harmful plants, sewage, dust, and vermin.
 These health impacts can range from skin and respiratory system irritation to the transmission of
infections.
3.  Chemical hazards
 are hazardous substances that can cause harm. These hazards can result in both health and physical
impacts, such as skin irritation, respiratory system irritation, blindness, corrosion and explosions.

4. Ergonomic hazards
 are a result of physical factors that can result in musculoskeletal injuries.
 Musculoskeletal injuries are those that affect the musculoskeletal system, including damage to
muscles, tendons, bones, joints, ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels
 they can be found in every workplace and, if not managed correctly, can have significant long- and
short-term impacts on your employee’s health and wellbeing
 For example, a poor workstation setup in an office, poor posture and manual handling.

5. Psychosocial hazards
 include those that can have an adverse effect on an employee’s mental health or wellbeing. For
example, sexual harassment, victimisation, stress and workplace violence.

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ST. JOSEPH’S INSTITUTE, INC. Technology and Livelihood Education
Candon City, Ilocos Sur GRADE 7
School Year 2021 – 2022 HANDOUT # 3
Kitchen hazards and some suggestions how to prevent them

1. Rinsing Raw Meat and Poultry

- Sometimes you may buy a chicken, and it has salmonella. If you cook it thoroughly, it will kill it
- Washing it might spread the salmonella around

2. A Greasy Range Hood and Filter

- grease that has accumulated under your range hood and on the filter is ―just the kind of thing that can start a
grease fire.
- Keep the underside of your hood clean and follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for changing the filter regularly.
3. Mold.
- mold exposure can cause allergies, asthma, and other respiratory problems.
- Mold grows in areas where moisture accumulates, such as near leaky plumbing (check under your kitchen
sink).
4. Overloaded Circuits
- in urban areas, faulty wiring accounts for 33 percent of residential fires
- many avoidable electrical fires are caused by overloaded circuits.
5. Bad Storage Habits in the Refrigerator
- The fridge is one place we ought to be paying attention
- placing raw meat, seafood, and poultry in sealed containers or plastic bags to prevent their juices from
contaminating other foods.
6. Stove and Oven Hazards
- Whether your stove is gas or electric, it can pose a safety risk for every member of the household.
- Many people have burned their hands on a hot stove or as a result of reaching into an oven without a proper
oven mitt.
- The risk of burns, however, is not the only reason that stoves can be dangerous
7. Garbage Disposals
- These are common in many homes, and using them improperly can result in injury
8. Knives
- These are among the most common kitchen hazards, particularly if they are not stored properly.
- Store your sharpest knives separate from the utensil drawer, either in a knife block or case.
- Keep the knife block out of reach of children and put it in a safe place where it won't get knocked over.
- When storing knives in blocks, be sure that the handles are positioned so that they can be gripped easily.
- Knife cases should be firmly sealed so there's no risk of knives accidentally being exposed.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE’s) in the Kitchen

Personal protective equipment, also known as PPE, is used in a wide array of industries in order to keep employees and the
public safe.
1. Apron
 a protective or decorative garment worn over the front of one's clothes and tied at the back.
 Use to protect cloths from hot liquids and spills
2. Oven Gloves
 These protect the hands of the employees who need to move hot plates and pots and pans around the
kitchen
3. Footwear: 
 These are non-slip shoes that should be worn at all times, no matter the environment, to
prevent slips and falls
4. Disposable Vinyl Gloves: 
 These protect hands from hot foods, such as chilies and peppers during preparation that can irritate the
skin and eyes

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ST. JOSEPH’S INSTITUTE, INC. Technology and Livelihood Education
Candon City, Ilocos Sur GRADE 7
School Year 2021 – 2022 HANDOUT # 3

Control hazards and Risks

 Use caution when working around hot oil.

 Get trained in the proper use and maintenance of your deep fryer.
 Observe all safety procedures and wear all protective equipment provided for your use while preparing
hot items
 Use gloves and scrapers and other cleaning tools with handles provided by your employer.
 Use the correct grease level and cooking temperatures for your deep fryer
 Keep stove surfaces clean to prevent grease flare-ups.
 Avoid reaching over or climbing on top of fryers and other hot surfaces. Clean vents when oil is cool
 Keep floor surfaces clean and dry to prevent slipping or falling onto hot surfaces. Wear slip-resistant
shoes. Floors should be cleaned often with grease-cutting solutions.
 Do not work closely to hot fryers when the floor is wet
 Do not spill water or ice into oil. Do not store employee drinks by deep fryers. They could be easily
bumped into the hot oil and cause a flare-up.
 Do not overfill or pour excessive amounts of frozen fries into deep fryer at one time. Overfilling causes
excessive splashing and bubbling over of hot oil.
 Do not pour excess ice from fry packages into the fryer.
 Do not overheat the oil; use only manufacturers recommended cooking temperatures
 Do not move or strain hot oil containers; wait until the oil is cool!
 Do not store oil on floors by grill area. Someone could slip and fall into the oil.
 Extinguish hot oil/grease fires by using a class K fire extinguisher.

The Importance of Health and Safety in the Workplace

In the workplace, health and safety regulations are paramount to the wellbeing of the employees and the employer. Many
hazards are present in today's work environments, and it's the employer's job to keep their employees safe from these hazards

1. Prevent Illness and Injury

- Health and safety procedures in the workplace reduce the employee illnesses and injuries greatly.
- Training is important and effective, as it will educate your employees on proper workplace procedures,
practices, and behavior to prevent possible injuries and illness or contamination from improper hygiene.

2. Reduces Health and Safety Hazards

- Potential hazards are rampant in almost every workplace environment.
- Health hazards can range from contamination of food due to unsafe handling or preparation practices to an
infectious disease outbreak caused by improper hygiene and personal care.
- If you work with certain dangerous chemicals or gases, there's always the risk of improper handling,
maintenance, or storage, which could lead to dangerous exposure for you and your workers

3. Avoid Serious Consequences

- These mean you, must follow their guidelines when creating your health and safety procedures.
- If your work environment isn't safe for your employees, then you may receive a fine or have your business
temporarily or permanently shut down, depending on the magnitude of your violation.

REFERENCES

Book:
Fulido, R. (2016). Cookery. Solaire Publishing

Learning Module
Department of Education. (2004). Commercial Cooking. Technology and Livelihood Education – Cookery 7 Learning
Module Quarter 1.

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ST. JOSEPH’S INSTITUTE, INC. Technology and Livelihood Education
Candon City, Ilocos Sur GRADE 7
School Year 2021 – 2022 HANDOUT # 3