PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY

The National Center for Teacher Education

College of Teacher Development
Faculty of Education Sciences
Taft Ave. cor Ayala Blvd., Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines

2PROFED02 PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNERS

Name: Year & Course: 1_NLEC-3
Topic/s: Cognitive Theory and Sociocultural Theory Due date of submission: Friday, 16 December 2022 11:59 PM

Experiential Episodes

Instructions:
Based on the Theories of Piaget and Vygotsky, identify at least ten (10) classroom activities that can
enhance cognitive development. Five (5) for Piaget and five (5) for Vygotsky. Fill in the table with your
answers. Maximum of two (2) sentences only in each number.

Piaget’s Cognitive Theory

1.Experimenting - students must establish an experimentally grounded concept and contrast their
findings with those of earlier scientists. Before starting the experiment, have students create a
hypothesis, or a prediction of what will happen. Then, have them carry out several tests, be sure to have
them record their results. Finally, have them write a lab report that includes their hypothesis, their
method of experimentation, their findings, and any inferences they made because of those findings.

2.Writing and publishing - requires students to apply tangible operations once more, particularly in
terms of language. To cover all the facets of creating a newspaper, the teacher can appoint editors,
writers, graphics artists, and printing experts.

3. Assembling - a class project that makes use of students' cognitive design talents is building
something, like a hamlet out of interconnecting bricks. Give the groups the tasks of designing their
segment in drawings, determining the kinds and quantities of blocks that will be required, and, lastly,
putting their buildings together.

4. Playing, running, or buying in a store - children may learn about different procedures involved in
managing a small business by opening a store in the classroom. One type of inventory that kids might
sell to their fellow students is school supplies. It is up to the students in the class to decide who
operates the business on any day. Teachers may give students tasks that are like running, placing orders
for goods for a small business, keeping track of inventories, and balancing money collected with goods
sold.
 5. Use resources and concepts that are meaningful to the pupils rather than facts or precise details. For
instance, the class may participate in a conversation about other topics that have divided our nation if
you were teaching lessons about the Civil War.

Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory

1. Planning and organizing classroom instruction and lessons. For example, the teacher might organize
the class into groups where less-skilled children are paired with students who have a higher skill level.

2. Creating a collaborative learning environment. This might involve pairing students with others of
higher skill levels, or it could be by learning as a group versus having students learn on their own.

3. Differentiation. Knowing what your students are capable of can help you challenge them in ways
that advance their learning. Children will be able to increase their knowledge when given tasks that are
within their zone of proximal development rather than when given projects that are too challenging and
leave them with no room to learn.

4. Playing make-believe. In this play, kids use their imaginations to assume different roles and make
choices based on how the characters in these roles behave. Children act out how they would in the
actual world when playing these games, which can only come from what they have observed through
the deeds and roles of their social and cultural influencers.

5.Speaking or Reciting. This is like how kids use self-talk to direct their behavior. This was considered
crucial since it demonstrated how children were acting in ways other than instinctively and how these
actions changed as they became older. Private speaking begins out loud but eventually transforms into
the internal talks that are far more like how grownups make decisions.

References
Include all citations here (please use 7th APA format)
 Kendra Cherry (2022). What is Sociocultural Theory? https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-sociocultural-theory-
2795088

Rubric

3 2 1
5 4
Nearly Barely able Unable to
Exceeds Meets Scor
Areas meets to meet meet
Expectation Expectation e
expectation expectation expectation
s s
s s s
Content Application
 Application of
concepts
correctly
Quality of Output
 Shows careful
thought,
organization,
cohesiveness
and creativity
Length of output
 Consists of 500
words, two
sentences each
cell, or other
related
directions
indicated
Focus of Insight
 Provided
answers
relevant to the
topic.
Timeliness
 The output is
submitted on or
before the set
due date.
Total Score