TYPES OF

Live Inactivate Replicating Non-Replicating DNA RNA Subunit

Attenuated d Viral Viral Vector
These vaccines use DNA plasmids These vaccines use a piece These vaccines use antigenic
These vaccines use low-pathogenic These vaccines are similar to containing a gene for SARSCoV-2 of protein
These vaccines contain These vaccines contain whole
replicating viral vector vaccines along messenger RNA (mRNA)
live virus particles that virus
viruses, which are largely except with additional genetic elements that
have been weakened particles, that have been killed
harmless, that they cannot replicate inside that They are relatively safer as there is
the no
Risk of being integrated to the genetic material and they cannot
They create a They are safer as the virus is
This creates a strong immune They are easy to develop and host replicate inside the body. They focus
response, but may not work for Improved efficacy and safety, but produce. genome is averted but, sometimes the
people There is no risk of infection but the
Some attenuated Inactivated vaccines
there is
vaccines require booster doses as the
might not be suitable immunity These vaccines require multiple
doses
for long term immunity. They
require
Spike Gene
Chemic
(Antig
H for mR

Adjuvant.....0
Ot oN r
Spike Disease-causing Low - Disease-causing Low -
protein
vi vi vi vi t
Disease-causing Disease-causing DNA Lipid Delivery
Vehicle
SARSCoV-2 antigen
and

Gene Gene mR
SARS- SARS-
anti anti
mR

Weakened Dead/Killed Viral vector encoding Viral vector encoding

virus target target

Peptid Prot Antig

Pepti
es Antig

1:
•
•1
1 Virus-

The virus replicates inside

the

Antigen is presented to
the
Antigen is presented to Antigen is presented to Antigen is presented to Antigen is presented to Antigen is presented to Antigen is presented to immune cells on Antigen
the the the the the the Presenting Cells
immune cells on immune cells on immune cells on Antigen immune cells on immune cells on immune cells on Antigen
Presenting Cells Antigen Presenting Cells
Presenting Cells

Immune Response Immune Response Immune Response Immune Response

Immune Response Immune Response
and and and

Currently used in: Currently used in: Currently used in:

MMR (Measles/mumps/rubella)
Chickenpox
COVID vaccines in the
pipeline:
Codagenix; Indian
Immunologicals Ltd
Currently used in: Currently used in: Currently used in: Currently used in:
No currently available HPV(Human Papilloma virus);
Polio Used in veterinary Ebola No currently available
human RNA vaccines Pertussis; Hepatitis B
COVID vaccines in the medicine COVID vaccines in the human
COVID vaccines in COVID vaccines in the
pipeline: COVID vaccines in the pipeline: DNA vaccines
the pipeline:
Sinovac; Sinopharma; pipeline: University of Oxford and COVID vaccines in the
pipeline: Novavax; AdaptVac
Bharat Themis Bioscience; & pipeline:
Moderna;CureVac;Pfize
Biotech

►►► ► CHID
► RESPONSE @epiCOVIDcorps Created by Nikitha Ramesh using BioRender.com
►►►► CORPS References avaialable at https://sites.bu.edu/covid-