Activity 3: Metals and Corrosion

A. Materials
• 5 clear plastic bottles with cover (empty mineral water containers will do)
• 10 metal nails (avoid galvanized ones, use identical nails)
• Water (room temperature)
• Saltwater
• Cooking Oil
• Vinegar
• Gloves/ tongs

B.

Table 1. General Observations

Time General Discerption of observe Picture of set up

Interval Changes
Day 0
No changes happen to all of the
bottles.

Day 1 For the first (Air), second (Oil & Air)

and third bottles (Vinegar & Air) have
(After 24 no changes occurred. For the fourth
hours) bottle (Water & Air) the nails rusted
and the color of the water changed.
And for the last bottle (Saltwater & Air)
the nails started to become rusty and
the saltwater have a slightly rust color.
Day 2 For the first bottle (Air) the nails rusted
a little bit. In both second (Oil & Air),
(After 48 and third bottles (Vinegar & Air) no
hours) changes occur. For the fourth bottle
(Water & Air) the nails become rustier
and the color of the water changes.
And for the last bottle (Saltwater & Air)
the nails also become rusty.
Day 3 For the first bottle (Air) the nails rusted
a little bit. In both second (Oil & Air),
(After 72 and third bottles (Vinegar & Air) have
hours) no changes happen. For the fourth
bottle (Water & Air) the nails become
more rustier and for the last bottle
(Vinegar & Air) the nails become
rustier.
Day 4
After the 96th hour, we remove the
(After 96 nails from the bottle. The nails in the
hours) first bottle (Air) have a little bit rust.
For the second bottle (Oil & Air) have
no changes occurs while the third
bottle (Vinegar & Air) the nails rusted
when we removed it from the bottle.
For the fourth bottle (Water & Air) the
nails totally rusted and for the last
bottle (Saltwater & Air) the nails rusted
but not totally.
C. Observation, Analysis & Discussions:

1. Based on your table of observations, which setup showed rusting first? Which
setup showed rusting last? (__/3)

Based on our observation of all nails that soaked on the bottles, the nails
in the bottled filled with water are the first to rust among them all while the
nails in the oil are the last to rust.

2. At the end of the activity, which nails rusted the most? (___/3)

Based on our observation, the nail that have been soaked in the water
rusted the most among the rest. And the next are the nails that soaked in
vinegar and salt water

3. Based on your answer in number one and two, which of the setups exhibited
the fastest rusting rate? Explain why. (___/5)

Based in our observation, the setup that exhibited the fastest rusting rate
is the setup that contains water and air. Because of the exposure in water and
air, the iron reacts faster than the other setups that contains different
compound. Because water contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 atom of oxygen,
the corrosion forms in the metal.

4. During corrosion, is iron oxidized or reduced? Explain the phenomena using

the concept of oxidation- reduction reactions. (__/)

During metal corrosion, when one is combined with a stronger element, as

a result of the nail experiment being soaked in water, the iron or nail rusts.
We can also say that a strong element breaks down an iron like water that
composes hydrogen.
5. How can corrosion of metals be prevented? Give at least 2 remedies. (___/ 5)

To avoid corrosion on metals, it is suggested that the metals have to be

coated with paint or a type of paint called "primer". It can be the base coating
of the metal to avoid exposure to elements that causes rusting for long period.

Or other types of metal can be coated with aluminum alloy to prevent

corrosion. Alloy is a type of combined elements such as zinc, silicon, copper,
etc. It can enhance the metal's durability and mechanical properties than the
regular metals. And in addition, alloyed steels are much more expensive than
the regular steels. And when an alloyed steel is cracked or broken, it is
difficult to restore to its original form.

Attachments (Screen shots): (__/5)

Day 0 Day 1
Day 2 Day 3

Day 4 Results
 Leader:
Pundavela, Angelica F.
Members:
Perez, Carlos Miguel N.
Pingol, Jullia Rica F.
CEAT-09-101E
Mr. Exedy C. Lampara
CHEM01L