Tutorial problem for test class 22 April 2020

Q1. Obtain the expressions for the surface charge density and the surface current density
on the conducting plates of a parallel-plate waveguide

(a) For the TMn modes

(b) For the TEn modes

Do the currents on the two plates flow in the same direction in the two modes of operation?
************************************************************
Physical Constants
Permittivity of free space, ǫ0 = 8.854 × 10−12 F m−1
Permeability of free space, µ0 = 4π × 10−7 H m−1
Rest mass of electron, mn = 9.1 × 10−31 kg
Electronic charge, q = 1.60 × 10−19 C
Boltzmann’s constant, k = 1.38 × 10−23 J K −1
Planck’s constant, h = 6.626 × 10−34 J s
Mass of proton, mP = 1.67 × 10−27 kg
Gas constant, R = 8.314 × 103 J mol−1 K −1

Cut-off frequencies for rectangular-section waveguides ( a = 2b) normalised to

c
f0 =
2a
where a and b are the dimensions of the guide on the broad and narrow sides resp. and c is
the free space speed of light.

n
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 − 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000
1 1.000 2.236 4.123 6.083 8.0623 10.05 12.042
2 2.000 2.828 4.472 6.325 8.246 10.198 12.166
m 3 3.000 3.606 5.000 6.708 8.544 10.440 12.369
4 4.000 4.472 5.657 7.211 8.944 10.770 12.649
5 5.000 5.385 6.403 7.810 9.434 11.180 13.000
6 6.000 6.325 7.211 8.485 10.000 11.662 13.416

Conversion
104 Gauss = 1 W b m−2 = 1 T
−
→ −
→
Vector identities where Ψ and Φ are scalar functions and A and B are vector fields

−
→ −
→ −
→
∇ (ΦΨ) = Ψ ∇Φ + Φ ∇Ψ
→
−
− → − → − → −
→ −→
∇ · Ψ A = A · ∇Ψ + Ψ ∇ · A

1
 →
−
− → − →
−→ − → −
→
−→ − → − →
∇· A×B = ∇×A ·B− ∇×B ·A
→
−
− →
−→  −→ −
→ − →
∇ × Ψ A = ∇Ψ × A + Ψ ∇ × A
→
−
− → −→ − →
− → −
→ − →
−
→ −→
−
→ −→ −
→
− → −
→ − →
∇× A×B = A ∇·B −B ∇·B + B·∇ A− A·∇ B
→
−
− →
−
→ − → −→ −
→
− → −
→ − → −→
−→ − → − →
−
→ −→
∇ A·B = A·∇ B+ B·∇ A+A× ∇×B +B× ∇×A
−
→ − →
∇ · ∇Φ = ∇2 Φ
→
−
− → −→
∇· ∇×A =0
−
→ − →
∇ × ∇Φ = 0
→
−
− → − → −→
−
→ − → −
→
∇ × ∇ × A = ∇ ∇ · A − ∇2 A

−
→
If A and Φ have at least piecewise continuous first derivatives in a volume V or on a surface
S or on a contour C bounding S, then

 
−
→ −
→
∇Φ dV = ΦdS
V S

 
−
→ − → −
→ −
→
∇ · A dV =  dS, where n dS = d S ⇒ Divergence theorem
A ·n
V S
 
−
→ − → −
→
∇ × A dV =  × A dS
n
V S
 
−
→ −
→
 × ∇Φ dS =
n Φd l
S C
 
−
→ − → − → → −
− →
∇ × A ·dS = A · d l , Stokes’ theorem
S C

−
→
∇ functions in cylindrical coordinates

−
→ ∂Φ φ  ∂Φ ∂Φ
∇Φ = r + + z
∂r r ∂φ ∂z
− → 1 ∂
→ − 1 ∂Aφ ∂Az
∇·A = (rAr ) + +
r ∂r r ∂φ ∂z

2
    
−
→ − → 1 ∂Az ∂Aφ  ∂Ar ∂Az
∇ × A = r − +φ −
r ∂φ ∂z ∂z ∂r
 
1 ∂ 1 ∂Aφ
+ z (rAφ ) −
r ∂r r ∂φ

2 1 ∂ ∂Φ 1 ∂ 2Φ ∂ 2Φ
∇ Φ= r + 2 2 + 2
r ∂r ∂r r ∂φ ∂z
−
→
∇ functions in spherical coordinates

−
→ ∂Φ  θ ∂Φ  ∂Φ
φ
∇Φ = r + +
∂r r ∂θ r sin θ ∂φ
−
→ −
→ 1 ∂
2  1 ∂ 1 ∂Aφ
∇·A = 2 r Ar + (sin θ Aθ ) +
r ∂r r sin θ ∂θ r sin θ ∂φ

   
−
→ −
→ r ∂ ∂Aθ θ 1 ∂Ar ∂
∇×A = (sin θ Aφ ) − + − (rAφ )
r sin θ ∂θ ∂φ r sin θ ∂φ ∂r
∂
φ ∂Ar

+ (rAθ ) −
r ∂r ∂θ
 
2 1 ∂ 2 ∂Φ 1 ∂ ∂Φ 1 ∂ 2Φ
∇ Φ= 2 r + 2 sin θ + 2 2
r ∂r ∂r r sin θ ∂θ ∂θ r sin θ ∂φ2

Maxwell’s equations for general fields

−
→
−
→ − → ∂B
∇×E =−
∂t
−
→
−
→ −→ ∂D − →
∇×H = + J
∂t
−
→ −→
∇·D =ρ
−
→ −→
∇·B =0
All symbols carry their usual meaning.