SESSION

Structure
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 Critical value Critical value

Rejection Non-rejection Rejection

region α/2 region region α/2
(1 − α) %

Z = - zα / 2 Z=0 Z = zα / 2
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£ >
% Critical value

Non-rejection Rejection
region region α
(1 − α)

Z=0 Z = zα

-z a % Critical
value

Rejection Non-rejection
region α region
(1 − α)

Z = - zα Z=0

2P éë Z ³ Zcal ùû
P [ Z ³ Zcal ]
P [ Z £ Z cal ]

%
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X= å Xi
n i=

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Rejection Non-rejection Rejection
region 0.025 region region 0.025

Z = - 1.96 Z=0 Z = 1.96

Zcal = - 1.7691 %

P éëZ £ Z cal ùû

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 Critical value Critical value

Rejection Non-rejection Rejection

region α/2 region region α/2
(1 − α) %
t = - t ( ν ), α / 2 t=0 t = t ( ν ), α / 2

Critical value
£ >
Non-rejection Rejection
region region α t (n), a %
(1 − α)

t=0 t = t ( ν ), α
t cal < t (ν),α ,

Critical value

Rejection Non-rejection - t (n), a %

region α region
(1 − α)

t = - t ( ν ), α t=0 t cal > - t (ν),α ,

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p - value = P [ t ³ t cal ] [for right-tailed test]

p - value = P [ t £ t cal ] [for left-tailed test]

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 Rejection
region 0.025
Non-rejection
region

t = - 2.0687 t=0 t = 2.0687

t cal = 4.3710

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Non-rejection Rejection
region region 0.01

Z=0 Z = 2.3263
% %
Zcal = 0.75
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Critical value

Non-rejection Rejection
region region α/2
(1 − α)
2
c = c2 =
 %
Critical value
Rejection
Non-rejection region α
region
(1 − α)

c2 =

Critical value
%
Rejection
region α
Non-rejection
region
(1 − α)

2
c =

s2

H 0 : s2 ³ 4.0 and H 1 : s2 < 4.0 (claim) left-tailedtest

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 ENTER

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Rejection
region 0.05
Non-rejection
region

c 2 = 10.1170
c 2cal = 18.3997
%

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%
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