Throwing Events
By: Shelie Rovel
CONTENTS
1.Prologue
2.Shot Put
3.Discus Throw
4.Javelin Throw
5.Precautions taken to prevent accidents in a
throwing event.
6.Conculsion
PROLOGUE
Athletics, also called track-and-field sports or track and field, a variety of competitions
in running, walking, jumping, and throwing events. Under these four categories of
competitions we will be learning more on the topic Throwing Events.
Throwing events are field events that include the throwing of the discus, javelin,
hammer, and other projectiles and also the shot put for distance. All involve in the use
of implements of various weights and shapes that are hurled for distance.
Types of throws include overhand throws, underhand throws and using both hands.
Overhand Throwing-Overhand throws are thrown predominantly above the shoulder
Underhand Throwing-performed with the hand below the level of the elbow or the
arm below the level of the shoulder.
SHOT PUT
Shot put is a track and field event involving "putting" (pushing rather than throwing), a
heavy spherical ball—the shot—as far as possible. The shot put competition for men
has been a part of the modern Olympics since their revival in 1896, and women's
competition began in 1948. Scottish Highland Games historians believe the shot put
originated from the ancient Celtic tradition of "putting the stone" which, according to
Scottish folklore, was used by Clan chieftains to help them identify their strongest
men for battle purposes. The earliest documented evidence of the tradition can be
found in an Irish book titled the "Book of Leinster," which was written in the 12th
century and describes the events of the Tailteann Games held in County Meath.
Holding the Shot Put
1. The shot needs to be held on all four fingers.
2. The bridge of the palm should support the implement.
3. The thumb should provide a brace point to hold the shot in position.
4. Have tension applied from the shoulder and elbow joint into the hand forming a
45 degrees angle.
Throwing the Shot Put
1. Hold the shot put accurately.
2. Feet apart to shoulder width.
3. Slightly bend the knees and turn your upper body clockwise.
4. Release the shot while turning upper body towards front while straightening
legs.
Best Players in the field of Shot put
Ryan Crouser Chase Ealey
Discus Throw
Discus throw, sport in athletics (track and field) in which a disk-shaped object, known
as a discus, is thrown for distance. The discus was introduced as part of the pentathlon
in the Ancient Olympics of 708BC (the first Olympics were held in 776BC. Notable
discus throwers include American Al Oerter, who first broke the 200-foot mark;
American Mac Wilkins, who was first to break officially the 70-metre (230-foot)
mark; German Jürgen Schult, who broke the world’s record for discus throw in 1986
with a 74.08-metre (243.04-foot) throw; German Lisel Westermann, the first woman
to break the 200-foot mark; and Russian Faina Melnik, who broke the 70-metre mark
in women’s competition.
Holding the Discus
Put your non-throwing hand beneath the discus for support. Your throwing hand
(including the thumb) is on top of the discus with your fingers evenly spread.
The top knuckle of your four fingers (not the thumb) should touch the rim, with
your fingertips over the sides.
Throwing the Discus
Stand in the back of the ring with your feet wider than shoulder-width apart and
your knees and waist slightly bent. Hold the discus high in front of your left
shoulder. Swing the discus back toward your right shoulder.
Rotate your torso clockwise, bringing the discus as far back as you can, holding
it in your throwing hand. Your non-throwing arm should be pointed in the
opposite direction as your throwing arm. Keep your throwing hand as far from
your body as possible throughout the throw. Your weight is on your right foot.
Your left heel is off the ground.
Rotate your shoulders in the direction of the throw as you shift your weight to
your left foot, then pick your right foot up and swing it around the left.
Assume the power position, with your left side, planted and firm, and your left
arm pointing forward. Your weight should be shifting from your right side to
your left. Your throwing arm should be behind you, outstretched, with the
discus at about hip level.
Continue shifting your weight forward as you pivot your hips. Bring your arm
up at approximately a 35-degree angle to release the discus. The discus should
leave your hand smoothly off the index finger with your hand at about shoulder
height. Rotate to your left to remain in the ring and avoid fouling.
Javelin Throw
The javelin throw is a track and field event where the javelin, a spear about 2.5 m
(8 ft 2 in) in length, is thrown. The javelin thrower gains momentum by running
within a predetermined area. Javelin throwing is an event of both the
men's decathlon and the women's heptathlon. Throwing the javelin as sport evolved
from the everyday use of the spear in hunting and warfare. Javelin throw made its
first appearance as a sport in Greece at the Ancient Olympics in 708 BC. The
original javelin was made of olive wood. The inventor of the modern javelin
throwing technique is Eric Lemming from Sweden.
Throwing the Javelin
1. Grip the pole correctly. To hold the javelin properly, you have to place it in the crease of
your hand. You need to keep the point of the javelin pointed in the direction you want to
throw in. Keep the javelin lined up with your eyes. When running up and transitioning to
throw the javelin, look in the direction you are throwing. It has to lie along the length of your
palm instead of across from it. You have to hold the javelin at the back of the cord, which is
the grip placed around the centre of gravity of the pole. One finger needs to be placed
beyond the edge of the binding. Just make sure to keep your fist nice and relaxed, not
tensed. Beyond that, there are three main grips that you can choose from.
The American grip: For this grip, you have to place your thumb and the first two joints of
your index finger behind the cord. Think of it like wrapping your hand around the pole
normally, except that your index finger is extended a bit more in comparison to your other
fingers.
The Finnish grip: For this grip, you have to place your thumb and the first two joints of your
index finger behind the cord, while the index finger supports the shaft of the pole. This is
like the American grip, except that the index finger is extended further away, and the middle
finger is a bit removed from the ring and pinkie fingers.
The "V" grip: For this grip, you should hold the javelin between your index and middle
fingers, behind the cord. Think of it like making a peace sign and then placing it below the
pole.
2. Hold the javelin up near your head. Before you begin running, lift the javelin up above
your shoulder so that it is about even with your head. The tip should point down towards the
ground slightly, but otherwise the javelin should be parallel to the ground.
Point your elbow slightly forward, while keeping your bicep parallel to the ground.
Turn your palm toward the sky, creating a natural platform for the javelin to rest on
3. Take the "Approach Run." After you have the javelin in position, you can start the
approach. Begin running towards your target with the javelin. If you are a beginner, then you
can just take about 9 to 14 steps. If you are more experienced, then take 14 to 20 steps. As
you take your approach run, make sure that you:
Keep your hips high and run on the balls of your feet.
Let your free arm swing across your body.
Flex the arm carrying the javelin to fix its position.
4. Perform the "Withdrawal." The withdrawal phase is when you get your body into the
proper throwing position. When you're ready for the withdrawal, speed up a little bit and
allow the arm that is holding the javelin to extend fully behind you.
Keep your head facing in the direction of your target.
Turn so that the left side of your body is facing your target as well.
5.
Make the "Transition." This is also known as the "cross-over". This is where you get into
the javelin tosser's "lean-back" position by putting your right foot ahead of your center of
gravity. As you do this, pull the javelin back a little further so that the tip is lined up with
your eyebrows.
Keep the right foot close to the ground.
Let the right heel touch the ground.
As the right foot moves forward, move the left foot up and lean your trunk back at a
115-degree angle. This phase is finished when your right foot is on the ground and
your left leg is forward and elevated.
6. Move your left leg forward and direct your shoulders and hips towards your target.[6]
Wait for your left foot to touch the ground.
Straighten your torso.
Turn your face toward the direction of the throw. The javelin should be parallel to
your shoulders.
Position your throwing hand above shoulder level
7.
Perform the "Delivery." Throw the javelin when your arm is up as high as possible. Once
the left foot hits the ground, your left side must be ready to hold the weight of your right leg,
which drives up and forward and brings the hips into a right angle with the throw. You should
plant your left heel and thrust forward with your right.
After the hip thrust, pull back with your left arm keeping it parallel to your right
shoulder. This will help to keep your right shoulder and chest moving forward and
aligning with your hips. As this is taking place, continue following through with the
throwing arm with the elbow leading.
Move your throwing shoulder over your left leg. Your hand should follow through
(the entire shoulder, elbow, and hand should move through similar to a bullwhip
acting as one with each section following one after the other.
Lift your left leg and move your throwing arm, with the elbow placed high and close
to the mid line. The javelin release angle should account for aerodynamic lift and
drag. Experts recommend 33 degrees as the optimum angle.
When your arm reaches the top of its arc, let go of the javelin. Your arm should be
over your head, in front of you, and not behind your back, when you release the
javelin.
8. Move into "Recovery." You have to make sure to follow through after you throw the
javelin, allowing your throwing arm to travel diagonally across your body. If you're throwing
with your right hand, the hand should end up in front of your left side. The left foot is on the
ground. The right leg passes it and then stops you. How quickly you stop depends on how
much momentum you built during the run-up. Usually, it can take as much as seven feet (2.1
meters).
You should end up standing on your right foot, with your left leg up behind you. Your
right shoulder will turn left, with your chest facing to the left.
People who throw the javelin on a professional level sometimes even fall forward due
to the extreme momentum they build up from throwing the javelin and following
through.
Best Athletics In Javelin Throw
Neeraj Chopra Jan Zelenzy
Olisdeilys MENÉNDEZ Kelsey Lee Barber
Precautions taken to prevent accidents in a throwing event.
Throwing equipment should be always used under a supervision of a
professional or a coach who knows about the sports done under the
field of throwing. Even when using the athlete and the equipment
should be taken care without any injuries. Even the surroundings
should be observed.
1. Throwing should be done under a supervision of a professional.
2. Equipment should be picked up and should be carried back to the
throwing arena carefully.
3. Nobody should be present when the equipment is thrown.
4. Damaged equipment’s shouldn’t be used.
5. During the time of throw, make sure that no one is standing in front
or behind of the thrower. Observer should stand at the sides of the
athlete. From a particular position throwing should be done and it
should be thrown in a particular pre-defined direction.
6. Rules and Regulations should be obeyed.
Conclusion
Throwing and putting are technical athletic events where one upper limb is
dominant. The different load on the preferred and non-preferred limb may
influence the body composition of the upper limb segments. The objective
of the study is to assess the difference between the throwing and non-
throwing upper limb in athletes specializing in javelin throw and shot put
based on the segmental body composition analysis and kinetic analysis.
The results imply that the throw is a significant factor that contributes to
the formation of bone mass. The aim is throwing events either technique
the goal is to build momentum and finally push or "put" the shot in the
direction of the legal landing area. The athlete must stay in a circle until
the shot has landed. The athlete that throws it furthest from the front part
of the circle (and within the legal area) wins.
Thank you
