ARTICLE REVIEW

Title: Mainstreaming climate adaptation and mitigation policy: Towards multi-

level climate governance in Melaka, Malaysia

1.0 Introduction

This article is study Mainstreaming climate adaptation and mitigation policy:

Towards multi-level climate governance in Melaka, Malaysia. This article was

conducted in 2019 by Irina Safitri Zen, Abul Quasem Al-Amin and Brent Doberstein.

This study has been conducted by Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

Kulliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design, International Islamic University

Malaysia, Jalan Gombak 51000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In a multi-level framework

for climate governance, this article explores the value of policies that are supportive of

climate adaptation. The basic activities that this framework is intended to take to close

the gap between the national and local levels are evaluated along its horizontal and

vertical axes. Melaka wants to be a more environmentally friendly city, and its carbon

reduction goals are meant to aid in climate change prevention.

In this study that has been said that due to its 30 million population, relatively

high GDP and GDP per capita, and second-largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) in

ASEAN and the globe, respectively, is Malaysia. According to recent data, between

1990 and 2003, Malaysia's GHG emissions rose by 221%. Notwithstanding the fact that
there are several climate mitigation initiatives on the national agenda, this significant

growth for such a short time is concerning. According to Malaysia's 2011 climate change

report, 35% of GHG emissions over the previous two decades have been attributed to the

energy industry (NRE, 2011), followed by transportation (21%), manufacturing and

construction (16%), forestry and energy conversion (14%) and mineral production (6%).

Contemporary climate changes the research also demonstrates that urbanization and the

resulting growth in energy consumption result in rising emissions. By enhancing spatial

planning, creating transit networks, creating awareness, encouraging cycling, and

implementing effective mobility management systems, urban carbon emissions may be

significantly decreased.

However, Malaysia is still a long way from putting plans into action that may

create sustainable and habitable cities. As a result, this paper examines the function and

role of climate governance in supporting initiatives for climate action at the state and

local levels. This is considered in connection to scale-dependent dynamic horizontal and

vertical interactions. This paper also explores the rationale of using Melaka as a test site

for potential climate mitigation initiatives in other Malaysian states. As components of

effective multi-level governance, a dual, collaborative, top-down and bottom-up

approach as well as potential future directions are also highlighted. This study's findings

should help other states in Malaysia and other countries with comparable ecological and

economic circumstances use multi-level governance.

2.0 Review

Based on the article, the study's objectives, methods, and results have all been

condensed into an abstract. For example, in this study said strong action plans are

urgently needed to improve the quality of the urban environment and prevent climate

change in light of the recent escalation of rapid urbanization and its accompanying

consequences on urban warming. The scope of the research is also described. The

association between the elements under investigation is one of the paper's results. There

are references in both the text and the reference list. Basically, this essay is excellent.

However, there are some negatives. The abstract does not include full information on the

study's research methods or the time frame it covered. Furthermore, methodology is not

included in the research strategy. Additionally, none of the study's findings, outcomes, or

suggestions for certain policies are presented. The research gap that would be established

to demonstrate the genuine impact of motivation on employee performance is not truly

there, as shown by a close examination of the problem description, but is instead a long

list of related issues (Wingfield et al., 2019). I believe that any research gaps that really

educate the study's participants should be highlighted in this report.

This article is relating to their findings that has been comes out are not fully

answered the main objectives of the study and its maybe because of their method of

analysis that has been used. This is important because once the researcher completed the

evaluation of the results, they found that the methods used to collect the data hindered
the ability to conduct a detailed survey of the results. For example, the researcher

somewhat regretted not asking relevant questions in the survey that might serve, in turn,

to solve a particular problem that later appeared in the report. Acknowledges the

shortcomings by stating the need for future research to revise specific methods for

collecting data. In order to get better results, researchers should employ a diversity of

analytical techniques (Wells et al., 2020). This means that researchers do not exclusively

use the questionnaire method because there are other quantitative techniques that can be

used and the validity of the results are more accurate than the questionnaire method, one

of which is to conduct an interview session with those who are willing to cooperate. This

will increase the amount of data that researchers have access to. The researcher can

confirm the veracity of the data collected using the interview approach as well.

The adaptation plan in this study should not only focusing in Melaka but they

should focus on the recent cases in Malaysia like flood and others. According to Wells et

al., (2020), a recent audit of KL's city plan indicated that construction initiatives had

worsened flash floods and congestion. Research have also connected deforestation to

higher flooding in Malaysia. This emphasizes the urgent need to stop deforestation, as

well as the need to step up reforestation initiatives and improve urban design to

guarantee that more urban greenery is preserved and grown. Malaysia needs both a

climate change adaptation plan and a mitigation plan, both of which are critical. The

equivalent of dumping water out of a flooded bathroom without shutting off the faucet is

an adaptation strategy without a mitigation plan. The more suffering there is today, the

more costly and unsuccessful adaptation will be in the future.

 Last but not least, this paper is not providing the recommendations for this study

and future study. Recommendations is important because the recommendations are

specific actions that may be performed based on the results of high-quality research

papers, such as for future research or for policy making. It is best to start with the most

crucial suggestions for decision-makers. The sequence in which the research's issues

were tackled should be followed if the suggestions are equally relevant (Rouillard et al.,

2015). The language used in proposals should be clear, comprehensive, and conducive to

action. Suggestions should show a focus on finding solutions and, in certain

circumstances, should flag areas that might want more study.

3.0 Conclusion

In a conclusion, this article is not that simple to read at first, and users don't really

get and they need to really read and understand every single sentences. It requires a new,

succinct beginning to pique readers' interest and encourage them to read the full piece.

The bulk of the text is gone once the reader encounters a genuinely excellent example

that is applicable to a public administrator's daily activities. Overall, it's a solid piece of

writing with a crucial message for public officials and organizations. When read as a

whole, the article is pertinent and highly compelling, however it begins off slowly and

never offers a specific strategy for handling this challenging issue. The coordination of

plans and policies at various levels of government is crucial for urban success as key

partners in climate change initiatives.

REFERENCES
Rouillard, J. J., Ball, T., Heal, K. V., & Reeves, A. D. (2015). Policy implementation of

catchment-scale flood risk management: Learning from Scotland and England.

Environmental Science and Policy., 50, 155–165.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.02.009

Wells, J., Labadz, J. C., Smith, A., & Islam, M. M. (2020). Barriers to the uptake and

implementation of natural flood management: A socioecological analysis. Journal

of Flood Risk Management., 13, 1–12.https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12561

Wingfield, T., Macdonald, N., Peters, K., Spees, J., & Potter, K. (2019). Natural flood

management: Beyond the evidence debate. Area, 51, 743– 751.

https://doi.org/10.1111/area.12535