K.

CTNANASAMBAN THAM
Describe he ereus e s br de
5
Pie
Bridge pier Sppovt the spans

nd tron gfev e loods from

brlde
Super Sbyuctue 6o he otun cdabkon.

2)Pe shol d e SEvon enouh

to ake the bo th Vey ical amd eri z oubal ond

to ue akial
They e Skjected
loculs ane oxial momembs and Shear

-oTCe Eron Sve-ts e ond

Qn Conqt G denal
econ.
Ater cxe a l l Com pressiom ele eus4

S) Pies
S0Ne vefered aS Beuts osuel.

Ke guive mens Bridg e plers

T6 Should e tec. ive rons fer loads

to foundah' on ho
o e
a) . Should wh s-an ll force

3) The Pers Should be dusable

Cgai ns weath e n , impacs duel Corro sioh.

 sho l d have mini u m Tefcuv
4) T
main te nance Cos

Shasili agains
s) TL shoulc have

te tatero Omd ton qtu cliuo force Qthioks,

Cumew, lmpats
.

, SeiSmic, winct, lce

yPes Piers
PieYS to be sed tu he

bidye deen ds o n ha yae brde

Sub Se CondiGos as well as

for
Consbyu thion
o Ce eluve aclopt e
brge.
Pie s

Selt Pters Open Ple«s

) So lidmaS owy gies +)Ce lidsical Piers

+Columh be uts
Rcc Pies
2 Se lid
Tses tle iers
Pile Piess

SPecto ov

ggcal fraued
Pers
 Sel& Pies
Selt ho Son ecs

The Piers Chich re Constvuche

MoSonH Stoe masno,

ConCYe be ele. ave

Pes

Some Eimes i Seou th ak in

Soltd mason PiesS the OutePort on

S ConS6yucke l maso w
Ond he wney Pay S fille d he

help a ConcYeke. this ay i

Con Save th Cos c Cou Sby ucbon.

a Solld Rcc ers

The Seltd ievs wich e

Cons Cke Bbe Tein for Ce meuk

e Caled .cc. iers. Thee ers

oe QenevaF Yeckanulav in C6 Sechen

enerall, eel here

' e r s iers e more anel

tte Se tt& Malon Pies il no be

euou obe the lood ansl

le CneCo homiCak.
open Ptess
the Pies .e. wclh allbts
e
t tev o
Co o, reuqhto. SEyacture

Are Catle d Open Pievs .

CCndricol piers

The
he ess hich ove Cowstvached

orh 96eel ov Co re Ci der

Mwch te ConCY ete CUTE U(e d a*

no Cli d cal ers

These e u ed fov bride w

mo dersb. heigt Se
me fi mes hoviz ont cel

addogovatrel bracin Oe

ovedrd e dd tcwalCintili

Colu wn piets.

O e
ene dll
 Tres tle bep besk
3 Tore stle Pers

Column trh
Con 9'sE

As e r khe
beu Cap. ab he o
Commen cd ajv on the hing e
e
atest
ulded.
ma lt o be e
S S eneral

lyovessS nd elevat ed

These Ser ble f bridzas

Shes e ter LYeuk is Slo
Cun ver bec is SFfietem tly ftm.
A) t a pers o ile beuts

hese e used where he

nstoble and Hhe low

ess Oe Ye qired.

Lo4e e Piers VImber

See o Re. pileg ure ven wbo
Teund royded h H he Cop
Cop us
her e Su0port e main 4irole
3iroler

S CommOn Vcey ak on
Multi Column Pier.
 T s
eesalluy CLgec fov hhe
he yse
e Piey onlow heiquk an &hor
SPan e cture

Tecal F7amed plex

he&e e te. la tesk

esS uSeel the In hes e

lot dses.
pless he eAfective San lemg
3lrdess eb ve duced.

temce2 Ghe. Consbu thon wiu be

economi cu

The dus d vocwn tage efLese kyre

Piers is e a Cu mulchi onS

da.lis e faln recs large floshia

maker alk, eke.