Unit 1: Administration

Administration refers to the process of implementing policies, rules, and

regulations set by an organization or government. It involves making decisions,
directing people, and coordinating resources to achieve specific goals.

Example: A government agency tasked with enforcing environmental regulations

hires a team of administrators to manage the implementation of policies that
prevent pollution in the area. The administrators will oversee the implementation
process, ensure that policies are being followed, and coordinate with other
agencies to address issues that may arise.

Unit 2: Management

Management refers to the process of planning, organizing, directing, and

controlling resources to achieve organizational goals. It involves decision-
making, coordination, and communication to ensure that resources are used
effectively and efficiently.

Example: A hospital administrator manages the daily operations of the hospital,

ensuring that the facility runs smoothly, patients receive quality care, and staff
are properly trained and supervised. The administrator plans and coordinates
activities, allocates resources, and monitors progress to ensure that the hospital
achieves its goals.

Unit 3: Organization

Organization refers to the formal structure of an entity, whether it be a

government agency, non-profit organization, or private company. It involves the
arrangement of individuals into different departments or units and the
assignment of roles and responsibilities.

Example: A non-profit organization focused on education organizes its staff into

different departments such as fundraising, marketing, and curriculum
development. Each department has a specific function and is responsible for
achieving the organization's goals.

Unit 4: Public Administration

Public administration refers to the implementation of government policies and

programs. It involves the coordination of government resources and services to
achieve public goals and meet the needs of citizens.

Example: The Department of Education oversees the implementation of

government policies related to education. It manages the distribution of
resources to schools, implements education programs, and enforces policies to
ensure that all citizens have access to quality education.