MrPLC.com - Principle of Operation - Dynamic Braking http://www.mrplc.com/kb/index.php?

page=index_v2&id=87&c=12

PLC Articles, Whitepapers and Applications

Home | Forums | Articles | Shop | Download Code | Links | Contact Us

MrPLC Articles Select by category Go Search

1 de 3 6/10/2009 09:18
MrPLC.com - Principle of Operation - Dynamic Braking http://www.mrplc.com/kb/index.php?page=index_v2&id=87&c=12

Main > Allen Bradley > Applications

Available Categories Advertisement

Main
Rate Article
Allen Bradley Print Save to list E-mail Comment(0)
Automation Direct
GE Principle of Operation - Dynamic Braking
Misc.
Mitsubishi OPERA Motor Control Tutorials CEMP Brake Electric Motors
Modicon Electrical Machine Design 2D and Free Web Tutorials from Galil, The For oil & gas pipelines, off-shore
Omron 3D Finite Element Software World Leader in Motor Control. platform, chemical ind. mines
www.vectorfields.com www.Galilmc.com www.cemp.eu
Reader Questions
Robots and Servos
Siemens
Vision Systems What is Dynamic Braking
By: Jeff Theisen, Rockwell Automation

Other Options
Posted By: Michael Cromheecke, Rockwell Automation

Search
When an induction motor’s rotor is turning slower than the synchronous speed set by the drive’s output power; the
motor is transforming electrical energy obtained from the drive into mechanical energy available at the drive shaft of
Glossary
the motor. This process is referred to as ‘motoring’. When the rotor is turning faster than the synchronous speed set by
the drive’s output power, the motor is transforming mechanical energy available at the drive shaft of the motor into
electrical energy that can be transferred back into the utility grid. This process is referred to as ‘regeneration’. On most
Saved Articles
AC PWM drives, the AC power available from the fixed frequency utility grid is first converted into DC power by means
of a diode rectifier bridge or controlled SCR bridge, before being inverted into variable frequency AC power. These diode
or SCR bridges are very cost effective, but can handle power in only one direction, and that direction is the motoring
direction. If the motor is regenerating, the bridge is unable to conduct the necessary negative DC current, and the DC
General article information bus voltage will increase until the drive trips off due to a Bus Overvoltage trip. There are bridge configurations, using
either SCRs or Transistors that have the ability to transform DC regenerative electrical energy into fixed frequency
utility electrical energy but are expensive. A much more cost effective solution is to provide a Transistor Chopper on the
Created 2009-07-01 Views 1627
DC Bus of the AC PWM drive that feeds a power resistor which transforms the regenerative electrical energy into
Modified 2009-07-01 Id 87
thermal heat energy which is dissipated into the local environment. This process is generally called ‘Dynamic Braking’,
Author Michael Cromheecke with the Chopper Transistor and related control and components called the ‘Chopper Module’, and the power resistor
called the ‘Dynamic Brake Resistor’. The entire assembly of Chopper Module with Dynamic Brake Resistor is sometime
referred to as the ‘Dynamic Brake Module’.

Chopper Modules are designed to be applied in parallel if the current rating is insufficient for the application. One
Chopper Module is the designated ‘Master’ Chopper Module, while any other Modules are the designated ‘Follower’
Advertisement
Modules. Two lights have been provided on the front of the enclosure to indicate Chopper Module operation – the ‘DC
Power’ light and the ‘Brake On’ light. The DC Power light will be lit when DC power has been applied to the Chopper
Module. The Brake On light will be lit when the Chopper Module is operating or ‘chopping’ and will be a flickering type of Your Ad Here:
indication. Contact Us

How it works

There are two different types of control for dynamic braking, hysteretic control and PWM control. Each used by
themselves in a standard stand alone product has no advantage over the other. The preferred control would be the PWM
method when the application is common dc bus. This advantage is decribed below.

Hysteretic Control

The hysteretic method of dynamic braking uses a voltage sensing circuit to monitor the dc bus. As the dc bus volage
increases to the Vdc_on level the brake IGBT is turned on and is left on until the voltage drops to the Vdc_off level
(which is not so desirable in common dc bus applications - see below). Some of the Powerflex drives[1] allow the Vdc_off
level, [DB Threshold],to be adjusted if the application required it. Setting this level lower will make the dynamic braking
more responsive but could lead to excessive DB activation.

References

1. ↑ PF40, PF40P

PWM Control

This type of control to operate the brake IGBT is similar to the way output voltage to the motor is controlled. As the dc
bus voltage increases and hits some predetermined limit the brake IGBT is turned on/off according to a control
algorithm switch at 1khz. This type of control virtually eliminates bus ripple. The big advantage is when this type of
control is in a common bus configuration.

2 de 3 6/10/2009 09:18
MrPLC.com - Principle of Operation - Dynamic Braking http://www.mrplc.com/kb/index.php?page=index_v2&id=87&c=12

Home | Enter Forums | Articles | Shop at MrPLC | Download Code | Automation Links | Contact Us
Terms of Use | Privacy Policy
Copyright 2001 MrPLC.com an Elston Systems, Inc. owned web property.

3 de 3 6/10/2009 09:18