AS 1180 (PT 1 To 3 4A To 4B 6) - 1972 Methods of Test For Hose Made From Elastomeric Materials - First Group - M

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AS 1180 (Pt 1 to 3, 4A to 4B, 6)-1972 Methods of test for hose made from elastomeric materials - First group: Methods 1, 2, 3
4A, 4B, 6
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4A, 4B, 6
(metric units)
Australian Standard
from elastomeric materials
First group: Methods 1, 2, 3

Methods of test for hose made
AS 1180—1972
The following scientific, industrial and governmental organizations and departments
were officially represented on the committee which prepared this standard:
Associated Chambers of Manufactures of Australia

Australian and New Zealand Railways Conferences

Country Roads Board, Victoria
Electricity Trust of South Australia
Government Stores Department, N.S.W.
The Institution of The Rubber Industry
Metropolitan Water, Sewerage and Drainage Board, Sydney
Petroleum Marketing Engineers Advisory Committee
Society of Automotive Engineers, Australasia
State Electricity Commission of Victoria
This standard is under continuous preparation by Committee RU/1, Rubber Hose, and
methods are being progressively approved for publication.
Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject
to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new edit ions as necessary. It is
important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edit ion, and any
amendments thereto.
Full detail s of all Australi an Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australi a
Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The Australian
Standard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives detail s of new publi cati ons, new edit ions
and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards.
Suggesti ons for improvements to Australi an Standards, addressed to the head off ice of Standards Australi a,
are welcomed. Noti fi cati on of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made
without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.
AS 1180—1972
Australian Standard
Methods of test for hose made

from elastomeric materials
First group: Methods 1, 2, 3

4A, 4B, 6
(metric units)
PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

(STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
AS 1180—June 1972 2
General Introducti on
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
The development of this series of standard methods of test for hose made from
elastomeric materials was undertaken by the Association’s Committee for Rubber Hose
primarily to service a range of specifications being prepared for various types of
rubber hose.
The methods have a fairly general application. Methods relatively specific to a
particular type of hose may be found as an appendix in the relevant specification.
In preparing these methods of test, acknowledgment is made of information received
from the International Organization for Standardization, the British Standards
Institution and the American Society for Testing and Materials.
The methods refer to the following standards:
AS B128 — Verification of Testing Machines

AS B80 — Dial Gauges for Linear Measurement
3 AS 1180—June 1972
1st List
LIST OF METHODS
The methods so far published are:

No of
Method Date Titl e
1180.1 June 1972 Dimensions
1180.2 June 1972 Tensil e Str ength and Elongati on
1180.3 June 1972 Accelerated Ageing
1180.4A June 1972 Ply Adhesion — Dead Weight Method
1180.4B June 1972 Ply Adhesion — Autographic Method
1180.5A June 1972 Hydrostati c Pressure — Burst Test
1180.5B June 1972 Hydrostati c Pressure — Proof Test
1180.5D June 1972 Hydrostati c Pressure — Leak Test
1180.5E June 1972 Hydrostati c Pressure — Expansion and Distort ion Test
1180.6 June 1972 Impulse Test
(PAGE 4 IN THE HARD COPY IS BLANK)

5 AS 1180—June 1972
Scope, Arrangement and Application
STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard Methods of Test

for
HOSE MADE FROM ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS
SCOPE, ARRANGEMENT AND

APPLICATION
1 SCOPE. This standard comprises a series of general methods for determining the
dimensions and other properties of hose made from elastomeric materials.
They are intended primarily to service relevant Australian standard specifications but
may also find application in investigational and field work.
For assembled test specimens, ‘failures’ within 25 mm of end fittings do not

necessarily apply to the hose proper.
2 ARRANGEMENT. The methods are numbered such that each arabic number refers
to a given property. Diverse methods for determining the same type of property are
distinguished by alphabetical suffix. Example: Test Method 7D Resistance to
Detergents.
3 APPLICATION. When stipulated in a specification the methods shall form part of

that specification and shall be subject to any qualifications or modifications so
specified.
1 AS 1180.1—June 1972

for
METHOD 1. DIMENSIONS
1 SCOPE. This method provides means for determining the dimensions of the hose
proper and of its components.
2 APPARATUS.
2.1 For Outside Diameter:
Steel calipers (suitably graduated); or

Square caliper provided with a vernier scale and locking device; or
Dial thickness gauge;
whichever is most appropriate.
2.2 For Inside Diameter:
Internal dial calipers; or

Expanding ball; or
Pre-set telescopic gauge;
whichever is most appropriate.
2.3 For Thickness of Components. Any suitable graduated scale such as calipers,
vernier or dial type.
3 PROCEDURE.
3.1 Hose Proper.
3.1.1 Length. Measure hose length with a suitable steel tape.
3.1.2 Outside diameter. Disregarding hose section at least 25 mm from the end, take
two measurements at right angles to each other in one plane across the hose and
calculate the mean.
3.1.3 Inside diameter. Disregarding hose section at least 25 mm from the end, take
two measurements at right angles to each other in the one plane across the hose and
calculate the mean.
3.1.4 Constriction of bore. Take a steel ball having a diameter equal to the minimum
allowable bore less one-half of the minus tolerance, pass it through the hose under a
pressure of 70 kPa and assess the constriction of bore by noting any obstruction.
a
AS 1180—June 1972 2
3.2 Thickness of Components.
(i) Cut a test piece approximately 50 mm long from a test specimen of the
hose. Mark diameters at each end of the piece at right angles to each other.
(ii) Bisect the piece by cutting it at right-angles to its length and then bisect
each half horizontally along its marked diameters.
(iii) Strip the hose into individual layers forming the lining and cover and
separately measure the thickness of each using the appropriate scale
selected from Clause 2.2 above.
NOTE: For fluted hose determine the thickness from the bott om of the fl ute.
(iv) Calculate the average of eight measurements.

4 REPORT. Report the value of —
(i) the length;

(ii) the outside diameter;
(iii) the inside diameter;
(iv) the constriction of bore, minimum ID;
(v) the thickness of each component separately.
This test method was approved on behalf of the Council of the Standards Association
of Australi a on 10 April 1972.
This method was issued in draft form for public review as Doc. 1751.
1 AS 1180.2—June 1972

for
METHOD 2. TENSILE STRENGTH

AND ELONGATION
1 SCOPE. This is a destructive method for determining the tensile strength and
elongation of each rubber layer of hose, forming the lining and/or cover.
2 PRINCIPLE. A test piece of determined cross-sectional area which has been cut
from hose, is subjected to a steadily increasing tensile force until rupture. The
maximum load and elongation between two pre-determined gauge marks at the point
of failure are determined. The tensile strength, i.e. maximum load per unit area of
original cross-section, and percentage elongation, i.e. percentage increase in distance
between gauge marks at the point of failure, are then calculated.
3 APPARATUS.
3.1 Testing Machine. A suitable tensile testing machine shall be used, capable of
applying a steadily increasing tensile force, and capable of measuring the force with
an error of not more than ±2 per cent..
It shall be fitted with either an autographic recorder which will record the point of
maximum load or alternatively a dial and scale indicator which shall remain at the
point of maximum load after the test piece breaks.
The machine shall be fitted with suitable grips, free to move without undue friction,
the shape of which shall ensure proper alignment of the test piece, and which shall
apply uniform pressure across the gripping surfaces, yet eliminate slip or damage to
the test piece during testing. The machine shall be set so that the traverse rate of the
driven grips is 500 ±25 mm per minute.
3.2 Measuring Instruments. Measuring instruments are required for measuring the
thickness of the dumbbell test piece, consisting of a micrometer dial gauge firmly held
in a rigid stand over a flat baseplate of diameter at least 50 mm. The gauge shall have
a scale graduated in unit divisions of 0.025 mm and shall comply with the
requirements of AS B80† for a Type A gauge, particularly in respect of the
* This requirement complies with Grade B machines of AS B128, Verif ication of Testi ng Machines.
† AS B80, Dial Gauges for Linear Measurement.
b
AS 1180.2—June 1972 2
accuracy of calibration. The plunger shall be fitted with a flat circular contact of
diameter 3.80 ±0.05 mm which is square to the plunger and parallel with the baseplate.
The dial gauge shall operate under a substantial deadweight force of 24 ±3 g normally
equivalent to a pressure on the rubber of 20 kPa. For the most accurate results, the
instrument shall be used as a comparator as recommended in AS B80, which also
includes notes on the care and use of dial gauges.
4 TEST PIECES. From a sample having a diameter of 30 mm or less, cut

longitudinal specimens of size suitable for cutting out dumbbell shaped test pieces.
From sample hose of larger diameter cut transverse specimens of size suitable for
cutting out dumbbell test pieces.
Prepare the dumbbell test pieces as follows:

(i) Remove the cover and lining carefully from the reinforcement using, if
necessary, very small amounts of suitable solvent.
NOTE: If a solvent in used, ensure that the rubber is placed so as to permit free evaporati on
of the solvent fr om all parts of it s surf ace; allow the sample to rest for at least 1 hour before
testing.
(ii) Buff the rough side of each test specimen to the extent necessary to
remove surface corrugations, irregularities, or excessive thickness and to
ensure smooth faces. Buffing shall be done without excessive heating, and
the test specimen shall be allowed to rest for at least 10 min before being
tested.
(iii) Cut suitable test pieces from the specimen with one of the dies described
in Fig. 1 in a single stroke of the cutting tool so as to assure obtaining
smoothly cut surfaces.
NOTES:
1. Discard any test piece showing any irr egularit y of imperf ecti on wit hin the gauge length.
2. The vari ation in tensile str ength for diff erent elastomeri c materials cannot be adequately
compensated for by recommending a single die
(iv) Mark the necessary reference lines on the test pieces on the outer side at
right angles to the direction of pull to give the appropriate gauge length as
shown in Fig. 2. Measure the thickness at the centre and each end of the
gauge length and from the mean values determine the cross-sectional area
of the test piece.
If the thickness of the hose lining and/or cover is less than 1.60 mm but greater than
0.80 mm the test piece shall be the maximum thickness obtainable. Under these
circumstances a tolerance of minus 20 per cent shall be permitted on the specified
tensile strength and elongation in the appropriate specification.
Should it be impossible to obtain test pieces having a buffed thickness of 0.80 mm or

greater, the manufacturer may be obliged to furnish a sample of the cured elastomer
taken from the same quality of rubber from which the hose was made and having a
cure equivalent to that to which the hose was subjected.
3 AS 1180.2—June 1972
5. CONDITIONING OF TEST PIECES. The section of the finished hose cut from
the sample length shall be tested not less than 5 days after final manufacturing
operations. After preparation, test pieces shall be conditioned at a standard temperature
of 20 ±2°C and 60 ±10 per cent r.h. for a period of not less than 16 hours immediately
before testing.
6 PROCEDURE.
(i) Obtain the mean cross-sectional area of the test piece.
(ii) Mount each test piece in the jaws of the testing machine and separate the
jaws at a rate of 500 ±25 mm per minute until rupture occurs. Read the
gauge length until the test piece breaks.
NOTE: Breakage should occur between the gauge li nes on each test piece. Test pieces which
break outside the gauge marks or which slip in the gri ps should be discarded and another test
piece tested.
(iii) Process sufficient test pieces to obtain three satisfactory results.
(iv) Calculate the average of three valid results.
7 CALCULATION. The tensile strength of each test piece shal1 be calculated by

dividing the load at the breakpoint by the initial cross-sectional area. The value for the
elongation for each test piece shall be calculated as the percentage elongation to the
nearest 10 per cent;
8 REPORT. Report the following information for each lining and/or cover:
(i) The mean value of the tensile strength of the three test pieces successfully
tested and the value of the individual tests.
(ii) The mean value of the elongation of the three test pieces successfully
tested and the value of the individual tests.
(iii) The name of the solvent, if used.

AS 1180.2—June 1972
4
PIECES
Fig. 1. STANDARD DIES FOR CUTTING DUMBBELL TEST
Fig. 2. EXAMPLE OF A TEST PIECE SHOWING GAUGE LINES

5 AS 1180.2—June 1972
DIME NS IONS OF STAN DA RD DU MBBE LL DIES* (See Fig. 1)

Dimension Unit s Tolerance Die A Die B Die C Die D Die E Die F
A mm ±1 25 25 25 16 16 16
in. ±0.04 1 1 1 0.62 0.62 0.62
B mm max 40 40 40 30 30 30
in. max 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.2 12. 1.2
C mm min 140 140 115 100 125 125
in. min 5.5 5.5 4.5 4 5 5
D mm ±6† 32 32 32 32 32 32
in. 0.25† 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25
D-E mm ±1 13 13 13 13 13 13
in. ±0.04 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
F mm ±2 38 38 19 19 38 38
in. ±0.08 1.5 1.5 0.75 0.75 1.5 1.5
G mm ±1 14 14 14 14 14 14
in. ±0.04 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56
H mm ±2 25 25 25 16 16 16
in. ±0.08 1 1 1 0.63 0.63 0.63
L mm ±2 59 59 33 33 59 59
in. ±0.08 2.32 2.32 1.31 1.31 2.32 2.32
W mm +0.05-0.00 12 6 6 3 3 6
in. +0.002-0.000 0.500 0.250 0.250 0.125 0.125 0.250
* Dies whose dimensions are expressed in metr ic units are not exactly the same as dies whose
dimensions are expressed in imperi al units. However, equivalent result s may be expected from eit her
die. Dies dimensioned in metri c units are intended for use with apparatus cali brated in metr ic units.
† For dies used in cli cking machines it is preferable that this tolerance be ±0.5 mm or ±0.02 in.
AS 1180.2—June 1972
6
1 AS 1180.3—June 1972

for
METHOD 3. ACCELERATED AGEING
1 SCOPE. This destructive method purports to simulate the effect of ageing of the
rubber lining and cover components of rubber hose by artificial accelerated
degradation. As such it serves to indicate the effects of ageing on the hose proper.
2 PRINCIPLE. Test pieces of the lining and cover components are exposed to hot air
for predetermined periods and then subjected to tensile strength and elongation tests
to assess the degradation of those properties.
3 APPARATUS. The apparatus shall consist of an air-circulating oven described in

(a) below, or cylindrical vertical ageing cells described in (b) below, capable of
maintaining one or more of the following standard temperatures:
70 ± 2°C
100 ± 2°C
120 ± 2°C
(a) The air-circulating oven shall be capable of controlling the air circulation to
three changes per hour, and shall have internal dimensions not exceeding
1 × 1 × 1 1.5 m. Provision shall be made for suspending test pieces so that they
do not come within 10 mm of each other. Glass or aluminium supports are
recommended.
The air shall be heated before coming into contact with the test pieces and the
temperature shall be measured by placing a thermometer among them.
(b) The cylindrical vertical ageing cells shall consist of one or more cylindrical
vertical cells having a minimum height of 0.3 m. The cells shall be surrounded
by a thermostatically controlled, good heat transfer medium (aluminium block,
liquid bath, saturated vapour).
The design of the apparatus shal1 be such that heated air will enter the bottom
of the cell and be exhausted out of the top of it without being re-circulated. Air
passing through one cell shall not enter other cells.
a
AS 1180.3—June 1972 2
Provision shall be made for a slow circulation of air through the cells of not less
than three changes per hour. The incoming air shall be within 1°C of the
specified temperature at the point of entry into the cell.
The temperature of the test cells shall be uniform in time and space within
±2.0°C of the specified ageing temperature. Suitable means shall be provided
for controlling and measuring the temperature.
4 TEST PIECES. The test pieces shall be similar to and obtained in the same manner
as described in AS 1180 Method No 2, Tensile and Elongation. However, at least twice
the number are required; one half for determining the original property before artificial
accelerated ageing and the remaining half for determining the property after treatment.
5 CONDITIONING OF TEST PIECES. Test pieces shall be conditioned

(immediately before subjection to tensile and elongation tests) for not less than
16 hours and not more than 96 hours at 20 ±2°C and 65 ±10 per cent. r.h.
6 PROCEDURE.
(i) Submit one half of the test pieces to tensile and elongation tests according
to AS 1180 Method 2.
(ii) Within 24 hours place one half of the test pieces such that they are free
from stress any freely exposed to the circulating air, in the preheated
ageing apparatus for the time and under the temperature specified.
NOTE: Avoid simultaneous exposure of a mixed group of dif ferent compounds as migrati on
can occur.
The following periods are common:
2 days
3 days — ASTM and SAE type testing is normally for 70 hours
4 days
7 days
14 days
(iii) After ageing and conditioning (see Clause 5 above) subject the aged test
pieces to tensile and elongation tests according to AS 1180 Method 2.
7 CALCULATION AND REPORT. Determine the average percentage change in the

original property using the following formula:
where
Report accordingly.
Change, per cent =
O = original mean value

3
E = mean value after ageing

× 100
AS 1180.3—June 1972
AS 1180.3—June 1972
4
1 AS 1180.4A—June 1972

for
METHOD 4A. PLY ADHESION —

DEAD-WEIGHT METHOD
1 SCOPE. This is a relatively low precision method primarily retained for field use.
It is a destructive test which measures the force required to cause separation of the
lining reinforcement and cover components of rubber hose from each other.
2 PRINCIPLE. A force in the form of a dead weight is applied to the hose

components at right angles to the surface of the test specimen such that a stripping rate
of 25 mm/min results. The magnitude of the dead-weight force is taken as a measure
of the ply adhesion.
3 APPARATUS. The apparatus required consists of a supporting frame, testing

clamps, mandrels, calibrated weights, and weight carriers. The supporting frame is of
such design that clamps for strip specimens may be hung from it vertically and that
mandrels for ring specimens may be supported on it horizontally. The frame is of
sufficient height to permit weights to be suspended from the test specimens by means
of clamps and to hang freely during the progress of the test. Provision also shall be
made to support the mandrels so that they may revolve freely with minimum friction.
Suitable apparatus is shown in Figs 1 and 2.
A watch with a second hand, or a stop-watch is required for setting the rate of
separation.
4. TEST SPECIMENS.
4.1 Dimensions. Test specimens shall comply with one of two types as follows:
(a) Strip specimens. Plane strips having a width of 25 ±2 mm and a length such as
will permit separation over sufficient distance to indicate the adhesion value but
in any case not less than 250 mm.
(b) Ring specimens. Closed rings having a width of 25 ±2 mm and maximum

internal diameter of 100 mm.
Test specimens may vary in thickness but the base portion from which a ply layer is
being stripped shall be thicker than such ply layer. In no case shall the thickness of
b
AS 1180.4A—June 1972 2
the ply layer exceed 6.5 mm. If necessary, to conform to this latter requirement, slicing
or buffing may be employed.
4.2 Curvature. Curved specimens in strip form shall have curvature only in the length
dimension of the test specimen.
4.3 Number. Three test specimens shall be cut from the hose sample.
5 CONDITIONING OF TEST SPECIMENS. Testing shall be conducted within

5 days of the final manufacturing operation and test specimens shall be conditioned for
at least 16 hours are 20 ±2°C and 65 ±10 per cent r.h. immediately prior to testing.
6 PROCEDURE.
6.1 Conditions of Test. As ply adhesion is particularly sensitive to temperature

conduct the test under conditions of 20 ±2°C and 65 ±10 per cent r.h.
6.2 Preparation and Positioning of Test Specimens.
6.2.1 Strip specimens. Separate the parts to be tested by hand at one end of the strip
specimen and to a sufficient distance to permit attachment of the jaws of the testing
clamp. Suspend the strip from the supporting frame by the separated end, holding in
the jaws of the clamp all separated ends except the one under test. Attach to the lower
end of the test specimen a minimum weight sufficient to maintain the strip specimen
in approximately a vertical position, or hold the specimen against a vertical plate in
such a manner as to keep the specimen in approximately a vertical position during the
test. Apply a selected weight by means of a clamp and weight carrier to the layer of
which adhesion is to be determined. Include the weight of the clamp and carrier in the
total weight causing separation. Make suitable provision for releasing the weight
slowly without jerking and in such a manner that the separating layer will be stripped
from the specimen approximately at an angle of 180 degrees.
6.2.2 Ring specimens. For ring specimens place the specimen snugly on a mandrel
having an outside diameter substantially the same as the internal diameter of the ring.
Separate the parts to be tested sufficiently by hand to permit attaching the jaws of the
testing clamp. With the mandrel resting on the supporting frame, apply a known or
specified weight by means of a clamp and a weight carrier to the layer of which the
adhesion is to be tested. Include the weight of the clamp and carrier in the total weight
causing separation. Make suitable provision for releasing the weight slowly without
jerking and in such a manner that the separating layer will be stripped from the
specimen approximately at an angle of 90 degrees.
3 AS 1180.4A—June 1972
6.3 Setting the Rate of Separation. Set the rate of separation at 25 mm/min by trial
and error adjustment of the load. Determine the rate of separation by measuring (after
the removal of the weight) the length stripped between marks placed at the beginning
and end of the test on the portion other than that stripped.
6.4 Precautions Against Tearing. If, during a test, one of the parts begins to tear
instead of separating from the other part of the specimen, cut the material being torn
with a knife up to the surface of contact between the two parts and start the test again.
7 INTERPRETATION. Stripping will not start unless a certain weight is used, and
small increments in weight will not give proportional increases in the rate of
separation. With increasing weight, the rate of separation increases slowly at first and
finally very rapidly.
The true adhesion value is not determined if the specimens repeatedly tear. The test,
however, indicates that the strength of adhesion exceeds the strength of the material
and that the adhesion value is not less than the result obtained.
Adhesion values may differ between different plies of the same article of plied
construction and also at different points along the same ply. The adhesion value of one
ply to another is taken as the average result of the test over a reasonable distance of
separation. When possible, a distance of separation of at least 100 mm shall be used.
8 REPORT. The value (of the mean of three tests) of the adhesion shall be reported
as the force in kilograms. Record also observations and relevant data, date of
manufacture or vulcanization of rubber, date of test, dimensions of test specimen.
AS 1180.4A—June 1972
4
Fig. 1. CLAMP FOR ADHESION TEST

5 AS 1180.4A—June 1972
DIMENSIONS OF CLAMP (See Fig. 1)

Dimension mm in Dimension mm in
A 76.2 3 N 9.5 /
3 8
B 44.5 1 3 /4 P 88.9 3/1

2
C 38.1 1 1 /2 R 31.8 1/1 4
D 15.9 5 /8 S 19.0 3/ 4
E 42.9 1 11 /16 T 18.2 23/ 32
F 15.9 3 /8 U 28.6 1 1/8

G 10.3 13/ 32 V 3.2 1/ 8
H 9.5 3 /8 W 6.4 1/ 4
J 12.7 1 /2 X 3.2 1/ 8
K 7.9 5 / 16 Y 2.8 7/ 64
L 15.9 5 /8 Z 7.9 5/ 16
M 47.6 1 7 /8 AA 5.6 7/ 32
AB 76.2 3
Fig. 2. MANDRELS AND FRAME FOR DEAD-WEIGHT ADHESION

TEST
AS 1180.4A—June 1972
6
1 AS 1180.4B—June 1972

for
METHOD 4B. PLY ADHESION —

AUTOGRAPHIC METHOD
1 SCOPE. This is a relatively high precision, destructive method which measures the
force required to cover the separation of the lining, reinforcement and cover
components of rubber hose from each other at a set rate.
2 PRINCIPLE. A stripping force is applied by a power-driven machine applying a

steadily increasing tensile force such that a separation of 25 mm/min results in a layer
separating from the specimen at an angle of approximately 180 degrees. The mean
height of the load as registered on an automatic recorder represents the mean force
required for separation and is taken as the measure of adhesion.
3 APPARATUS. The apparatus consists of a power-driven tensile testing machine

capable of applying a steadily increasing force and measuring it to within ±2 per cent*
by means of an autographic recorder. For strip specimens it is fitted with grips that
firmly clamp the specimens and prevent slipping at all times. For ring specimens the
grip attached to the recording head is replaced with a freely rotating mandrel having
an outside diameter substantially that of the inside diameter of the ring. The mandrel
is so mounted that its axis of rotation is in the plane of the ply being separated from
the ring and the applied force is normal to the tangent of the ring circumference at the
time of separation. The rate of travel of the grip is uniform at 50 ±2.5 mm per minute
for strip specimens and 25 ±1.25 mm per minute for ring specimens, which rates
provide a separation of 25 ±1.25 mm per minute in both cases.
The machine has no device for indicating maximum load. In pendulum type machines,
the weight liner swings freely without engaging pawls.
The capacity of the machine is such that the maximum tension applied is not less than
15 per cent or more than 85 per cent of the rated capacity.
* This requir ement compli es wit h Grade B machines of AS B128, Verif ication of Testing Machines.
a
AS 1180.4B—June 1972 2
4 TEST SPECIMENS.
4.1 Dimensions. Test specimens shall be one of two types as follows:
(a) Strip specimens. Plane strips having a width of 25 ±2 mm and a length such as
to permit separation over a sufficient distance to indicate the adhesion but in
any case not less than 250 mm.
(b) Ring specimens. Closed rings having a width of 25 ±2 mm and maximum

internal diameter of 100 mm.
Test specimens may vary in thickness but the base portion from which a ply layer is
being stripped shall be thicker than such ply layer. In no case shall the thickness of the
ply exceed 6.5 mm. If necessary to conform to this latter requirement, slicing or
buffing may be employed.
4.2 Curvature. Curved specimens in strip form shall have curvature only in the length
dimension of the test specimen.
5 CONDITIONING OF TEST SPECIMENS. Testing shall be conducted within

5 days of the final manufacturing operation and test specimens shall be conditioned for
at least 16 hours at 20 ±2°C and 65 ±10 per cent r.h. immediately prior to testing.
6 PROCEDURE.
6.1 Conditions of Test. As ply adhesion is particularly sensitive to temperatures

conduct the test under conditions of 20 ±2°C and 65 ±10 per cent r.h.
6.2 Treatment of Test Specimens.
6.2.1 Strip specimens. Separate the parts to be tested by hand at one end of the test
specimen and at a sufficient distance to permit clamping in the grips of the machine.
Attach the separated end of the specimen (with all parts, except the one to be stripped,
securely gripped) to the recording head by means of a clamp, using care to adjust it
symmetrically in order that the tension shall be distributed uniformly. Provide for
maintaining the strip during the test approximately in the plane of the clamps. This
may be done either by attaching the minimum weight required to the free end of the
specimen or by holding the specimen against a plate attached to the stationary clamp.
Take into account the added weight in determining the load causing separation. Grip
the layer to be stripped symmetrically and firmly without twisting in the
power-actuated clamp. Adjust the autographic mechanism and chart to zero and start
the machine. Strip the layer from the specimen approximately at an angle of
180 degrees, and continue for a sufficient distance to indicate the adhesion value.
6.2.2 Ring specimens. Separate that layer of the specimen to be stripped from the
specimen by hand sufficiently to permit attaching the power-actuated clamp of the
machine. Place the specimen snugly on the test mandrel. With the mandrel attached
3 AS 1180.4B—June 1972
to the recording head of the machine and the separated layer gripped symmetrically
and firmly without twisting in the power-actuated clamp, adjust the autographic
mechanism and chart to zero and start the machine. Strip the layer from the specimen
at an angle of approximately 90 degrees to the tangent of the specimen surface, and
continue the separation for a sufficient distance to indicate the adhesion value. During
the test, rotate the mandrel freely so as to maintain the line of separation at all times
approximately in the same position.
6.3 Precautions Against Tearing. If, during a test, one of the parts begins to tear
instead of separating from the other part of the specimen, cut the material being torn
with a knife up to the surface of the contact between the two parts and start the test
again.
7 INTERPRETATION. The true adhesion value is not determined if the specimens

repeatedly tear. The test, however, indicates that the strength of the adhesion exceeds
the strength of the material and that the adhesion value is not less than the result
obtained.
Adhesion values differ between different plies of the same article of plied construction
and also at different points along the same ply. The adhesion value of one ply to
another is taken as the average result of the test over a reasonable distance of
separation. When possible, a distance of separation of at least 100 mm shall be used.
8 PREPARATION OF TEST DATA. Take the autographic chart and draw on it the
best average curve between the maximum and minimum load values. Report the
minimum value (in terms of kN/m) of the stripping load curve as the mean of three
tests. Report also —
(i) all observations and relevant data;

(ii) date of manufacture or vulcanization of rubber;
(iii) date of test;
(iv) dimensions of test specimens.
AS 1180.4B—June 1972
4
1 AS 1180.6—June 1972

for
METHOD 6. IMPULSE TEST
1 SCOPE. This test determines the life of a hose when subjected to rapid pulsing
pressures.
2 PRINCIPLE. A hose assembly is subjected to rapidly pulsating hydraulic pressure

until leakage or other damage develops or for a specified period.
3 APPARATUS. A machine capable of applying an adjustable pulsating hydraulic

pressure at a rate of between 30 and 100 cycles per minute, with provision for counting
the number of pulses. The hydraulic fluid is circulated at a rate such that a uniform
bore temperature of 93.3 ±5°C is maintained. The test chamber is neither heated nor
cooled.
The impulse pressure curve is adjusted to conform as closely as possible with the
values shown in Fig. 1.
The test fluid is changed regularly to avoid breakdown.
4 TEST SPECIMENS.
4.1 Number. Four hose specimens complete with couplings.
4.2 Free Length. The free length of hose (as measured between couplings) shall be
as completed below:
(a) Hose over 25 mm bore (approximately 1 in ID) to be bent at 90 degrees:
Free length is + (2 × OD)
(b) Hose up to and including 25 mm bore (approximately 1 in ID) to be bent at

either 90 degrees or 180 degrees:
Free length is + (2 × OD)
(c) Hose straight (not bent):
Free length is 350 to 450 mm

AS 1180.6—June 1972 2
where
BR = minimum bend radius of hose, and

OD = external diameter of hose.
5 PROCEDURE.
(i) Position the test specimen in tile impulse testing machine with the hose
bent to the minimum bend radius or as otherwise specified.
(ii) Apply the appropriate impulse pressure and cycle rate for the specified
period or until breakdown.
(iii) Inspect the test specimen during testing, for leakage or other defect.
6 REPORT. Report the following:
(i) The impulse rate (if not specified).

(ii) Any sign of leakage or other defect.
(iii) The impulse lives of each of the four specimens tested.
Fig. 1. IMPULSE PRESSURE CURVE
This method was issued in draft from for public review as Doc. 1751.

AS 1180 (PT 1 To 3 4A To 4B 6) - 1972 Methods of Test For Hose Made From Elastomeric Materials - First Group - M

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AS 1180 (PT 1 To 3 4A To 4B 6) - 1972 Methods of Test For Hose Made From Elastomeric Materials - First Group - M

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LICENCE

Licensee: Ms Bloomfield Reception

Date: Thursday, 19 February 2015 10:43 AM

1. Definitions and Interpretations

Licence means the right to access and use the Product.

Licensee means the purchaser and user of the Product.

3.2. The Licensee isLearn

from elastomeric materials

First group: Methods 1, 2, 3

Associated Chambers of Manufactures of Australia

Australian and New Zealand Railways Conferences

Methods of test for hose made

First group: Methods 1, 2, 3

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

AS B128 — Verification of Testing Machines

The methods so far published are:

(PAGE 4 IN THE HARD COPY IS BLANK)

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard Methods of Test

SCOPE, ARRANGEMENT AND

For assembled test specimens, ‘failures’ within 25 mm of end fittings do not

3 APPLICATION. When stipulated in a specification the methods shall form part of

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard Methods of Test

2.1 For Outside Diameter:

Steel calipers (suitably graduated); or

2.2 For Inside Diameter:

Internal dial calipers; or

3.1 Hose Proper.

3.1.1 Length. Measure hose length with a suitable steel tape.

3.2 Thickness of Components.

(iv) Calculate the average of eight measurements.

4 REPORT. Report the value of —

(i) the length;

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard Methods of Test

METHOD 2. TENSILE STRENGTH

4 TEST PIECES. From a sample having a diameter of 30 mm or less, cut

Prepare the dumbbell test pieces as follows:

Should it be impossible to obtain test pieces having a buffed thickness of 0.80 mm or

(i) Obtain the mean cross-sectional area of the test piece.

(iii) Process sufficient test pieces to obtain three satisfactory results.

(iv) Calculate the average of three valid results.

7 CALCULATION. The tensile strength of each test piece shal1 be calculated by

(iii) The name of the solvent, if used.

Fig. 2. EXAMPLE OF A TEST PIECE SHOWING GAUGE LINES

DIME NS IONS OF STAN DA RD DU MBBE LL DIES* (See Fig. 1)

of Australi a on 10 April 1972.

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard Methods of Test

METHOD 3. ACCELERATED AGEING

3 APPARATUS. The apparatus shall consist of an air-circulating oven described in

5 CONDITIONING OF TEST PIECES. Test pieces shall be conditioned

The following periods are common:

7 CALCULATION AND REPORT. Determine the average percentage change in the

O = original mean value

E = mean value after ageing

of Australi a on 10 April 1972.

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard Methods of Test

METHOD 4A. PLY ADHESION —

2 PRINCIPLE. A force in the form of a dead weight is applied to the hose

3 APPARATUS. The apparatus required consists of a supporting frame, testing