1.

DNA: A nucleic acid composed of two polynucleotide chains arranged

around a central axis forming a double helix, capable of self-replication
and encoding the synthesis of RNA.
* DNA contains genetic instructions*

2. Amino acids: The subunits (monomers) that form proteins (polymers).

Each amino acid possesses at least one amino (basic) functional group and
one carboxyl (acidic) functional group and differs from other amino acids
by the composition of its.
* During intestinal absorption, glucose and amino acids pass
into the blood, while fats pass into the lymph. *

3. Starch: Food storage substance of plants.

* Potatoes contain starch*
4. Hallucinogen: Substance capable of producing hallucinations.
* Hallucinogenic mushrooms exist*

5. Amplification: An increase in the number of copies of a specific DNA

fragment.
* Gene or DNA Amplification is the increase in the number of
copies of a particular DNA fragment. *

6. Anabolism: In an organism, the set of biosynthetic reactions, that is,

reactions in which small molecules form larger molecules.
*Anabolism forms a complex substance from simpler substances,
either organic or inorganic. *
7. Antibodies: Proteins produced by cells of the immune system (B
lymphocytes) that combine specifically with molecules foreign to the
organism (antigens) in order to inactivate them.
*The immune system detects the antigens and produces
antibodies that destroy the substances that contain them. *

8. Antigens: Molecules, generally foreign to the receptor organism, that

initiate the production of antibodies, generally proteins or combinations
of proteins with polysaccharides.
*An antigen can be a foreign substance from the environment,
such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses or pollen. *
9. RNA (ribonucleic acid): Nucleic acid consisting of a polynucleotide
chain. Its nucleotide consists of a molecule of the sugar ribose, a phosphate
group, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, uracil, cytosine and
guanine.
*The main cellular RNAs are messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA and
transfer RNA. *

10. ATP (adenosine triphosphate): The main chemical used by living

systems to store energy, it consists of a base (adenine) linked to a sugar
(ribose) and three phosphates.
*ATP is a nucleotide that is fundamental in obtaining cellular
energy. *
11. Autotrophs: Term used to name organisms that synthesize their own
nutrients from inorganic raw materials.
*Autotrophic organisms obtain their energy through
photosynthesis. *

12. Catalyst: A substance that decreases the activation energy of a chemical

reaction, accelerating the rate of the reaction.
*Catalysis is the process by which the rate of a chemical reaction
is increased. *
13. Cell: The smallest structural unit of living things capable of functioning
independently.
*The three main parts of the cell are the cell membrane, the
nucleus and the cytoplasm. *

14. Double helix: The shape that the two strands of DNA take when they
are joined together.
*The double helix shape is basically the way all life forms are
connected to each other. *

15. Enzyme: Protein molecule that acts as a catalyst in biochemical

reactions.
*The enzyme acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions,
accelerating the rate of reaction. *