The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of the

(chemical) elements, is a rows and columns arrangement

of the chemical elements. It is widely used in chemistry,
physics, and other sciences, and is generally seen as an
icon of chemistry. It is a graphic formulation of the
periodic law, which states that the properties of the
chemical elements exhibit an approximate periodic
dependence on their atomic numbers. The table is divided
into four roughly rectangular areas called blocks. The

rows of the table are called periods, and the columns are
called groups. Elements from the same group of the
periodic table show similar chemical characteristics.
Trends run through the periodic table, with nonmetallic
character (keeping their own electrons) increasing from
left to right across a period, and from down to up across
a group, and metallic character (surrendering electrons to

REFERENCES
other atoms) increasing in the opposite direction.

The elements show a periodic recurrence of certain

properties, a characteristic that was first discovered in
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(group) of the table as usually arranged have similar =https%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fPeriodic_table/RK=2/RS=c5S
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properties. In the 20th century, when the structure of
atoms was understood, the table was seen to precisely
reflect increasing order of atomic number. Members of
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the same group in the table have the same number of wNzZzMEcG9zAzEEdnRpZAMEc2VjA3Ny/RV=2/RE=1681681897/RO=10/RU
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electrons in the outermost shells of their atoms and form table/RK=2/RS=Mjir4fmc6cbj1m5zpk9ZvxKLaHE-
bonds of the same type, usually with the same valence;
the noble gases, with full outer shells, generally do not
form bonds. The periodic table has thus greatly deepened https://r.search.yahoo.com/_ylt=AwrKFlNp_Ttk4qUBZgmzRwx.;_ylu=Y29sb
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understanding of bonding and chemical behaviour. It
JILLIAN JOYCE MAESTRE https%3a%2f%2fpubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2fperiodic-
also allowed the prediction of new elements, many of table%2f/RK=2/RS=UZoEatfv5Y8H.7yHKaLuaipO00I-
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which were later discovered or synthesized.