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~LIAS -AS

Gtroup
tte1'1in« J
·Ol2Da? BY e!_!j~ l]
d,t DcSC
nt

SQ
ALIAS AS
fxomRle=:
An Alicu is cna.tcd wtfh ·m · l'11e.1onf,
S€LEcT tolu.mn_n4me f\S aliClS-narne
FROM table .. ncimc~

GtROUP Sy
=) (GttooP sy cotuM tJI
E"Kcirnf?!t:
set~CT column_ nomc CS)
FROM tablt_name
WHERe condih·oo
Gtl?.OUP BY Column_~ls)
ORoei BY colamn_na111c cs>;
~ (H4Vin~ J SELECT' colitmn narwirC.I)
- - · FtoM table name
.£-.a.mple. WHera condition
GcRoUP BY col-."'n-namt 00
HA\'l ll<h Condition
OiD!R 8V tolumn...naM&tl);
➔ fORDeR BY (Ase~ or @RDefl By De~
rht order b~ ~wonl i, UJtd to Sort -f"1.
,.,!tllt -Se~ i1'1 o.sttriid in§ o.- dtsetnt!linJ order
E~nmp.k:
Se LECT colwnni, Columna, •••..
F~oM tciblt-no.mt
ORDE~ B'I coluwnni, tolu.rr,,at,, ..... Asc/DtS~

JOINS
:!J [rtJNeR 'J"OIN ]
'this kc~c.uord Selecfl -that- ho.Ve ma•chin§ VAl.w,
i"' boffi ta.Ya
€-ntmple: Setecr columl\_namces>
-== __. ~RoM hb\ei
:tNN£f101N t'Cll>lct
OM table .column_name= blbtcz. column_ narn,,;
_ _ _ _-.
~ ILeFT 101 NJ "
f-.omp le: SE l ecT t.olllmn_namc C.s)
- = fROM ta.blt.1
LEFT'JOIN tal,k '-
➔ ~ IGtHT!OIN]
ftamp,le : S~lecr cola111n-"6tw1e(s)
... ,=i- =-- FRoM ta~le i
RI Gt MT -JOIN ta.l>le ~
ON taliet.coluthn n4mt =- t:able2. cofumn_rnn,;
-
~ 1-
J: U-L.L_ TI>
_I N]
_____

f!4f!lp~ : SeLecr colurm_!la1u. ts)


F~Otll tlblci
Fu LL ouk.r 10,n ta.I.le a,
Ot-l tab~1.Colulfl\1\Clme.~ ~t2. columnvtoma;
WKett: cond1f:fOI\ -
l=UNCT(ONS

~ jAVGi () I Selecr AV& (c1lurm_hOnW


f-ca.mp~ : FROM ta.W.e_ ncune
WHe re- Condi ~iDn ;

9 JSUM n] St:tecr .SUM(CDlumn.. rw.mc)


FRo M blbl~ no.me.
e~o.mpk = wH~et condition i
I
'=9 fCOUNT o SEtecr CPncb1d :co)
~umol~ ~ FROM Ptod.urb;
"=9 (MIN C>} SELECT Mltl (CotiAmn_nome)
FROM table_ name
Eta.mp~ : wHe Re condition;
➔ (MAX O ] Setecr MA>t(tolumn_nami)
f•o.,!!'p.!£. ~ FROM t:al,lt_narru..
WH,ie conditionj
WHE-Re-
=;, [.L.1 l<E-J =9 {:I: N I
fll.O.tn Pcle ~ f,ll~ ple :
.5tLecr cotumni, cou.mt_,.... .Sctccr column_no.rrw.CS)
FROM ~a.blt. _ name. 1=Ro M t-o.blc_nGme
Wttcl?6 CowmnN Ll~S Pattern WHE-Re colutlW\._namt I'tJ
(volut.1. 1 value~, ....);
=tis~-rw~e:N I ➔ [ANY)
~CLmple ~ E(unplc:
SE.t~cT colu.mn_Mme
5etecrrcolurm_nQmt
~o M tClblt _nan,e.
°'
F~oM to.bt~_name WH~Re cowmn_nama,
WHt Rt COltlm n_no.mc B6TWl:eN t: ~TG.to r ~y
\__SetecT cotu.rnn_~
\J4lut1 AfJD4'o.lu.e2.~ FRo M tclbt e_ no.me
=, \f1ists I SetecT colu.mn_no.meCS)
FROM table-name
ho.111p$ = Wttcee tlisis
SeLecr cotumn_no.mc FROM ta1'le-nam,.
wHcRe condi f:ioo),
~ (AL~j Setecr tlLL column_n4meCs)
fta.lllple! FROM toJie...no.me
- LOHtRG condi~on;
-l. [AN D) St tec T Colurnn1., column a, ....
-, P~OM tttble-no.me
t'M.OJl\p.!£_: WHe~& Condi~onj AWOCo nd iti~ AND Crldltfon3 •. .')
{ot 1 5€.te.CT colurrri 'l, colurtlt'I 2.,.....
~ t1. m le· FtoM f:able_nanie
J P • WHt~E- condioni OT condilion~ orcondihiwl3 •... ;
~( NOT) S€L€CT colu.mn:t., Oll1tmn2., •...
f" \ •PROM tab le_ name
tllllfflf2 e • WH t '1 € f..l OT Con di l-i 00 j

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