1st Answer

Introduction: Over the last few years, internet revolution has presented OEM and the
users of devices that would control, detect, monitor, read and display with an
opportunity to improve their solutions by the delivery of connected, integrated, fast,
accurate as well as systems that are cost-effective that result in new business as well
as revenue opportunities.
Concept and Application: The end user would now get a holistic view of their
processes of business and optimize.
OEM manufacturers involving low cost device manufacturers are reluctant to adopt IoT
for their solution with the challenge of increased cost or fear of adopting it.
The IOT would refer the billions of computers, devices, machines, objects as well as
other things all over the world that make use of the internet in order to communicate as
well as share data. These parts possess their own unique identifiers and are in a
position to transfer data over a network without human-to-human or human-to-thing
interaction.
Common IoT applications and devices involve smart devices, such as phones, watches,
speakers, heart-rate monitors and other wearables; smart appliances like the Wi-Fi
refrigerators, washing machines, smart cars and Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) beacons.
Following are some of the advantages of IoT for OEM manufacturing companies:
Build more valuable products: IoT makes it possible for the OEM company to improve
the value of the equipment by providing integrated services. These are often
complimentary services or upsell opportunities.
Offer concierge services: On-demand services are a smart way to differentiate the
products. For instance, in the automobile industry, communication services that are
subscription-based have been a common feature. Concierge services such as OnStar,
BMW Assist and Mercedes embrace offering the in-vehicle safety, emergency services,
turn-by-turn navigation and remote diagnostic system.

Analyze Diagnostics and User Behavior:

In a similar way, IoT is used in order to analyze and share diagnostics with the end
users. When it comes to automobile industry, on-board diagnostics would enable the
drivers to track things such as pressure of the tire, level of engine oil, consumption of
fuel, level of washer fluid, and much more. This promotes driver safety as well as
increases the vehicle longevity.
Facilitate over-the-air updates: One can also make use of IoT to keep products as
well as devices up to date via OTA updates. Tesla would make use of this capability to
ensure that their vehicles always consist of the latest and greatest infotainment system
features as well as capabilities.

Enhance the customer experience: IoT often makes things much easier and more
convenient for the end users. For instance,

Enable End Users to Download Digital Content

Give products the ability to manually and automatically download music, podcasts,
audiobooks movies as well as other digital content. For instance, if a company
manufacturer’s exercise equipment, their users may want to download or stream videos
from their favorite influencers of YouTube fitness on the treadmill or stationary bikes.
So, if the company makes smart speakers, they may want to download audiobooks and
albums directly to the speakers.

Makes it easier to find equipment that is lost or stolen: If a device is lost or stolen,
an associated application is used in order to track it down. Companies such as Apple
are into making good use of this capability. The ‘Find My’ app, and this comes standard
on most IoS devices, and it enables the users to track down lost AirPods, iPads,
MacBooks, and other Apple equipment.

Use Geo-fencing to optimize end-user and partner engagement: A geo-fence

refers to a virtual perimeter that is established in a real-world geographic area with the
use of GPS, RFID, Wi-Fi and cellular data. Depending on how a geofence is configured,
mobile device or RFID tags often cross into or out of geofenced areas often trigger
certain actions, push notifications of mobile, text messages or alerts, ads that are
targeted on social media.

Following are some of the challenges that OEMs face when using IoT:

Challenge 1: Reducing the cost of security:

It is not a surprise that the cost is such a concern for OEMs, as device manufacturers
often feel the need to create a device and sell it for a profit, and this means, they have
to closely manage the cost per unit associated with a device. It is not a surprise that
each moment that is spent designing with security in mind would come at a cost. So, it
is important that we look at protection using a different lens.

Challenge 2: Gaining Security of Expertise:

The cost of issue is increased by low level of understanding and the expertise around
the security. 42% of the OEMs identified this as one of the biggest IoT security
challenges.

Medical facilities and devices have increasingly became vulnerable to cyber-attacks,

where bad players often compromise IT systems with ransom ware.

Traditionally lacking the security that is found on other devices of network, the medical
equipment would be an easy way for the hackers to gain access to a whole server. In
the event of a compromised device and a server takeover, a hospital risk equipment
would outage the breaches of patient data.

For this, the manufacturers of medical device often have an important responsibility to
make sure that newly made digital devices are often equipped with the correct cyber-
security of the software moving forward.

Conclusion: So, it can be concluded that the identity of the brand alone would not be
sufficient to retain the level of consumer loyalty that the automobile manufacturing
brands currently possess. As more connected features often become available,
customers would focus more attention on the capabilities and less on the logo on the
hood. They now wish to have features that have been integrated into the OEMs that
enhances the experience of using that product, for instance, an automobile vehicle or
an electric bike, as part of their connected ride-cycle. IoT-enabled abilities such as the
detection of lane-departure and OTA software update would influence the decision of
buyer.

To retain the loyalty of customer, an automobile brand should also successfully

integrate the connected lifestyle of the consumer using the digital services. This would
enable the customers to interact with their cars in the same way they would use their
own smartphones.
2nd Answer
Introduction: The retail industry, just like any other industry has been experiencing
rapid transformation with solutions such as IoT taking the centre stage. IoT has many
uses as well as benefits for the retail, and this includes their ability to provide more
personalized experiences of shopping, enhanced consumer loyalty and satisfaction,
improvement in the sales and also improvement in the management of inventory.
Concept and Application:
It has been anticipated that 70% of the decision-makers of retail all across the globe
have adopted IoT to improve the experience of customer which would focus on the
need to change the way that the brand does business in order to meet the needs of
today’s connected consumers.
Using of IoT in retail doesn’t only improve the experience of customer, and it also drives
the experience by providing the business with an opportunity to get a better insight into
the preferences of the consumer and the opportunity to craft a much more personalized
and interactive experience of shopping.

Further personalize the interactions with customers:

It is not a surprise that the consumer purchase habits have been changing, and that,
they expect much more than just purchasing a product, and this is the reason why
personalization has become a huge part of the purchase experience across many
industries.

An example of how to make use of IoT to improve the personalization in the retail is via
the use of sensors that are possible to be fixed to areas of product and are triggered by
the actions of customers. The retailer can provide instant discounts, detailed
descriptions of the products or alternative purchase to the mobile of the customer, in
response to where they are shopping in the store or their previous purchase habits.

Personalization doesn’t imply that the retail brand needs to have a physical store:

IoT is also able to boost personalization for the retailers that don’t have a shop floor. IoT
is able to recognize the patterns of shopping and search trends from social, media and
online browsing that would enable the business in order to advertise and also sell
targeted products to their prospects as well as the customers on the basis of online
behaviors. This higher level of personalization would often lead to satisfying the
customer and improving the engagement of the customer.

Streamlined Operations:

An uninterrupted as well as efficient supply chain is important to ensure the success of

any retail business. With the use of IoT, one can certainly ensure that the supply chain
would run smoothly. IoT would make sure that the products move from one place to
another and would also ensure that the tracking of goods is done properly, right from
the production stage to the delivery stage.
With RFID and GPS technology, one can have total visibility of the items in transit, from
their location to the temperature that is stored and the ability to manage the travel route,
and this would enable them to inform the time of arrival and enable to avoid any loss in
the delivery or in the product.

IoT retail solutions often enable the inventory control as well as tracking; packages and
products are possible to be fitted with smart tags that are able to track the items across
the supply chain; and this includes the returns, and this enables the retail business to
accurately keep the pace with the demands of the customers.

Optimizing the purchase journey:

This data that is combined with the inventory of real-time sales floor would enable the
employees to re-stock when required and, in order to better position the products that
are in-demand. Sensors should be placed around the stores in order to gather the data
of physical consumer journey, and this would enable the business to optimize their
plans of floor, placement of the product as well as marketing materials in order to
enhance their sales.

The sensors should also be used within the warehouse in order to improve the
packaging as well as picking process. The data that is collected often would aid the
development of highlighting the fastest route to various products, and by connected
other devices, it is possible to see the exact location of that product too, and this can
boost the warehouse efficiency and also relieve the stress for the employees.

Smart shelves are suited to the management of inventory and is able to monitor the
inventory and also send the manager alerts if a certain item has started to run low or if
its date would expire soon.
These shelves are also an important part of ensuring the intelligent insights to the
behavior of the consumers by monitoring the inventory and transmission of the data
regarding the items and movements, and this can highlight the ways in order to improve
their services, and enhance the interactions and improve the sales.
Improvement in customer experience = A boost in the profits.
Conclusion: So, it can be concluded that it never been so important for the retail
business to grab hold of the consumer attention in order to enhance more opportunities
for sales, drive more engagement of the customer and build an improvised brand
loyalty.
3rd Answer
3a.
Introduction: Various cutting-edge technologies have been used by the healthcare
industry all over the world for an improved outcome. The introduction of immersive
virtual reality has not only enhanced the productivity of a facility of healthcare but also
has been contributing hugely to infusion of visionary ideas. Medical practitioners have
made the best use of augmented reality as well as virtual reality on closely
understanding the cases to the application of the best possible method in order to treat
them.
Concept and Application: The industry has witnessed the fast inclusion of AR & VR
innovations in an everyday surgery, prognosis and other procedures. It would foster
safety and also encourage technology for the practitioners as well as patients. To make
use of such technologies has paved the way to ensure that the digitization of
healthcare, and it also presents valuable opportunities for application of payers, the
professionals of healthcare and providers along with the medical devices.
Quick consultation with medical practitioners: Applications on the basis of AR & VR
often enable the medical practitioners to consult the patient in person during medical
emergencies that are critical such as acute injury, influenza and other critical conditions.
The faster the consultation part is over, the sooner aid is able to start. Advancements
often enable the doctors to deliver important services and understand the best
prognosis level.

An in-depth understanding of the symptoms for surgery planning as well as

execution.

AR/VR would enable the doctors to comprehend the medical situation covering each
minute detail in order to catch the errors during diagnosis. Early signs of any underlying
diseases would be noticed. This, in turn, would enable the patient to reduce the number
of consultations and unrequired visits to the hospital various times during a week.
Preventive measures have to be taken for various disease through these AR/VR-based
applications for a total as well as an accurate cure during the time of recovery.

Body Mapping and prognosis: The process of body mapping as well as prognosis
refers to the most basic one and yet the most significant one. Medical students need
advanced technologies to ensure consistent update during their training. Technologies
such as learning an algorithm would enable them to receive in-hand experience with
advanced guidance to understand the procedures. AR/VR applications often enable the
students to improve their medical training before the actual surgery.

These are also good tools for practitioners in order to experiment with complicated
procedures on virtual human bodies. Doctors often lead to stimulation of the body of a
patient in complex situations. In case, there is a shortage of doctors, these
advancements often contribute by synchronization and connection of multiple sensors.
AR-based virtual interfaces for an advanced augmented surgery: Immersive virtual
reality would improve the safety of a patient. It enables the surgeons with an upfront and
real-time information regarding the visuals of a patient, location of an equipment, details
of the procedures and other important details. The AR-based virtual interface would
enable the practitioner to see the location of all the organs along with the exact location
of the disease, tumor or other important abnormalities. Real-time information has an
important role to play during the surgery.

Conclusion: The hospital and healthcare industry should ensure that they prioritize the
implementation of technology and advancements. India already consists of a low
doctor-patient ratio, and the implementation of these technologies would enable the
healthcare industry would bridge the gap. These facilities are often possible to be
accessed in rural areas, reduction of the enhanced mortality rates of illness that is
critical. This is how the technology-based solutions often assist when it comes to
providing the patients with a real-time solution.

3b.
Introduction: Provided the obvious benefits of different emerging VR/AR technologies
that involve paint diminution, surgical planning and practice, 3D radiological imaging as
well as medical education, it is not going to take too long before the customers as well
as investors begin to invest in best-class solutions.
Concept and Application: Committee members often have noticed that the number of
hospitals are increasing the budgets for centers of clinical simulation that would enable
them to buy AR/VR equipment. Third party brands that work with medical organizations
have started to budget for VR/AR solutions as well.
Technical limitations
This is a broad category and responses reflect a multitude of use cases. For some, the
size of VR systems limits their use in certain clinical settings. For others, mobile VR
platforms can only provide so much immersion with a pocket size computer. Computer
specifications and resolution of available devices can also be limiting factors for some
medical centers. VRARA Digital Health committee members are working on near-term
solutions to these challenges. This is another area that we feel confident will improve
over time as Moore’s law and market competition lead to improvements in both size and
power.

Clinical organizational issues

You’ve probably heard that healthcare is a hard industry to change, and not lacking in
bureaucracy. Electronic medical records, for example, have been in use at major
hospitals for almost two decades, yet there are many places that still use paper charts.

Committee members and respondents identified several aspects of modern clinical

organizations that can impede adoption of VR/AR technologies in healthcare, such
as: availability of and access to infrastructure (i.e. Bluetooth connectivity); platform
friction (compatibility of VR/AR software with other healthcare software, EMR issues,
and privacy issues); and procurement procedures (vendor relations, lengthy and
complex public tender processes, and arduous hospital board decision making
processes.)

AR solutions are likely to be adopted more quickly due to decreased platform friction of
widely-adopted smartphone technologies. But it’s our guess that clinical organizational
issues are likely to be some of the hardest (and slowest) issues to resolve.

About VR/AR and its uses for your end users/customers

This refers to an area of particular interest for the VR/AR committee. Most of the
contacts and colleagues that we have heard of VR/AR is being used for the purpose of
gaming and entertainment.

However, they are not aware of the medical use cases and the research that was done
behind them. Disseminating this knowledge refers to an important goal of the
committee. Most people say they get it as soon as they demo VR/AR for the first time as
it is very intuitive, but most patients and providers have not had a live VR/AR
experience. Understanding of an immersion is best done with the use of one’s own
eyes.

Conclusion: So, it can be concluded that the limitations of AR/VR adoption in the
healthcare industry are mainly the lack of technical know-how, the lack of knowledge of
the various uses to the customers, and the fact that if there is no awareness to the
customer, then how they would accept their health-related information being diagnosed
by an AR/VR healthcare system.