Silke

Group -1 (Alkali Metals

-①PHy SICAL
- -
PROPERTIES
to bottom Dee
hi
Hydration enthalpy
decreases from top

ma|
→
Na to size
'

increasing
%)
all are K
reactive Rbt, 1st (due to
Rb g.
+
,
mat , Kt >

↳ [Eg : tribes 2129 but

% Li form hydrates
.

says
.

*
fr CRadioactive
do not form hydrates
.

Nau ,
KU ete .

(
kerosene
stored in and
white tdgkt metals soft
•"

Lithium
'

is kept
→ All alkali metals are
silvery ,

cut ]
with ktnife
,
-

→ be
yeatiue [µ a qk can

paraffin highly
.

in
wrapped

due
way floats
to

density of
ten
hi it
→ M.p & B. p decrease from Top to Bottom
HD Cs
, his Mask >

on the surface
kerosene on ⑧ d-%4ardnmfm.PE BP
of
→Ñhi*k¥ÉMa←Rb<→
→Évnty
colour in
characteristic
→ Flame test : Alkali metals
give Bunsen Bunny
flannel
-

Bunsen
→

onidising
bnetohidising funny

←°ht
"

HÉ←
tend →
-
inner cone (Redwing flame)
At this
zone point flame test
.

is done
creatively low tempt
)
+⑨⇐
di Crimson Red

Na Yellow
Violet / like
K

Rb
Red violet

Is Blue

'

K' 4 Is due to low

photoelectric
'

> are used in cells

work
function (a)
?⃝
Chemical Properties :
-

Air
① Reactivity in :
- -

*
Reatieity of metals increases from top to bottom .

→ Combustion Products are as follows :

(027 Peroni de (0-1) Suporonidefo G)

-

Metal Onide

Li his cmajw 424 (minor) -

Na Nasnocmino Nasif cmajoy -

kg

Rb0§→
k -
-

lboightyeuow superoxide are

Rb - - paramagnetic
&
Cso Coloured
CS -
-

÷
with smaller ins Hiiiii
Formation
afonides fpesonids
and formation of supesonides
with
large iouslktrbtlstj
that smaller cation
is the result
of
the fact
cation
stabilise smaller
onion and large
anion
stabilise larger
.

t H2O (e) MOH lag)

Mates
→
*

condole) (Hydroid)
* MILD 1-
Haole) → Molloy) +
HIM ) .

(
Bromide Gold)
+ pgoce, → Money, +
Hike
+
1£49 tha decomposes
[
:
( Wann
) in warm water as :

this
-5120+443
Money; 139
+
120 g
te Moy t →

lsupesonide) cord) (Hydroid

Good +
tzo → Molloy, 1-110+49
&foamy
0A

supesronides > Peronideioide ← Don't act go.tt

generally ,

_dÉ÷pw-
 Hibdon combustion in air
,
only di forms nitride :

auto { hi + N
,
_TÉÉ0H INI tide
t NGT

diagonal
relationship
wining
+ I → his Lion

towards water
② Reactivity - -
:

metals react violently Gnploaded

other alkali
-

with water
gently
,
→ hi reacts

with water .

Mis +
they → MOHcap +
¥4T
64=1 i Naik Rb G)
-

, , ,

liberate tf gas
when reacted with species having
these
" also
metals

acidic te [Eg :
'
Rote, Room HECK
,
HU Hash
,
, , MH③

macbtrotlrco nlyzlkultksoylmtbtbf.tn
Eg
:

Roma /Rhona / Maja / Mau / Mayson / Marty

Idamid
-

towards ty :
③ Reactivity
-
-
-

2Mt
-

* 2Mt tea →

hydrides) RA
} powerful
Lionic
@
(saline hydroids

E9É 2 Matty → 2 Man >

Reducing Agents ?

1- Moti
Mkt
you, HIT
ai"%:÷Eg÷:÷:→↳
→
*
.

NAH 1-
£1150k →
41150 Na
t
11,9
*
strain
decreasing seducing powe .
 ⑨ Reactivity-
towards Halogens (G):
* Mt ✗ → 2 MX
a

(✗ Halogens)
=

Higher polarising power

* dix covalent in nature due to small
size of hit (
is
quite
Fagan's Rule
water in
4115011 /Acetone
.

well

halideM.tl
as as
* tribe is soluble in

has highest covalent character among

all alkali metal )
to die

Nature:
③ Reducing -
-

* hi > Cs > Rb > K > Ma

É%auTy power
in acidic meet
element in
periodic table
* hi is the most powerful reducing
-3.05
[ LitCay + e-
Lily slap =
→
;

*
dies →
Lita, j
☐
Hm =
•
Hsus + °
HIE , +
°HHEKit)
Hsus
" "hit
) hi is due to bish
High Reducing power of
→

_%
hi
dirty hydration released 1 due to
'

enthalpy af hit small

size)

Mote:_
→ Carbonates of Alkali metals lencepthi) are thermally
stable Do not decompose on heating

Mathis → ✗
[M= Na/ KIRbled

diseases
→° digest coati
relationship
' '

is due to
its small size
and
diagonalwith
[ Anomalous behaviour of hi Mg)
→
eoueptiool behavior
→ Alkali metal bicarbonates enists in solid state except that of di
MH
toys →° Maco] ( g 1-
Elgin HIM
* +

[M= Naik ,
Rb

exist
doesn't enist whereas dilecozcagg can
-

*
hilelozls
to
discords 1-
left + tyke)
→
Heat
Na +
Mais t
Hgce, → leg
-

Radim"Igam)

→ MMO, is →° MMG is + ¥4M

[ 14 = K , Rb
, G)
3 Memory tlgg
*
Manages,

÷s Mayo is 1- MY +
029

*
dialog ↳ °→ his + MIT 1-
IT

# Solution of Alkali Metals in liquid Ammonia (Mlb) :

[M(MHDn]Iam,
-

Mlb t
Coty Nhs ☒ →
+
[e( MADD cam,

colour due to the absorption

Such ammoniated solutions are
deep blue in

ammoniated electron
region by
.

of light in visible

highly conducting @
me to ammoniated eeo and
solutions are
→
Also these metallic
[behaves like
,

nature a

cations
in
paramagnetic
-

ammoniated and
conductor
 As the solution is increased that's
→ conn
of ,
eo start
pairing up and
why
nature decreases with the At around 3M concentration, solution
paramagnetic couch .

becomes diamagnetic and bronze in colour .

→
Due to
oepulsslar b/w ammoniated eo
,
cavities are
formed in the solution

in the % Such solutions less dense

Desalting expansion of the volume are
.

ammonia
than liquid
.

due to ammoniated eo
good reducing agents
.

→ such solutions also behave as

liberate by gas
and form metal amides .

→ These solutions on
standing slowly

Mta + 8 + NH
, (e)
→ MN
Hsyamjt & test
(
melatonin
¥ÉÉÉa these metals solution
is stable ^

Fe Pt , 3N etc
,
. In absence of ,

# Anomalous Properties of : Li
--

Li due to 49 its small

size
(%÷Y ratio
is
Eruptions properties of hit
power of
→

cii ) Him polarising

is bish ,

covalent character (
' '

bish
.

due to small
hi show
→ ÷ Compounds of ☒
ze of hit)
much harder
has bish M P .

f B. p
di is ,

deliquescent
→

'
ku reactive (as compared to and its compounds are

)
'

→ di is
metals
01ha alkali

form hydrates form nitride

.

and
do not

→ forms Liza 4420 when heated

in air .

[ Rest alkali metals in aid

ditches, does not exist

-

alkali metals
unlike other
.

' '
react with mean
doesn't
→ hi
ten soluble in
water unlike chides & flounders
much
Ligo di F
→ are
,

other alkali metals .

of
→

dings → disks 1-
NIP 1-
Gtr

bcw & Mg :
Diagonal relationship
→
hi
-
- - -

hi Be B

Ae
Mg Si

Li & due to their similar size

properties of Mg
.

Similar are
→

Li : 152pm
dit : 7-6 pm
160 pm
Mg
"
: 7-2pm Mg :

Both die harder & lighter than other metals in respective groups .

→
lug are

nitride
→ Both react slowly with water & both form oxide 4 on

combustion in air .

di É DizN t did
0

Mg → Mgm ,
t
MgO
thou
Mg 10M¥ t Mtg

→
diseases, → discs +
agt

Mg coup →
Mg OLD 1- coats

Getae
bicarbonates
→ Both do not form solid
dissolve
.

in alcohol .

covalent 4
both of them are quite enough ^

Salts of
I
"

deliquescent form hydrateddicecrystals

.

and
both them
of
→
Salts are
of Gg;
→ Mace is not hygroscopic @ deliquescent .
Mg 4.8 Half
-2%0

in it which absorbs moisture

[However ,
table salt (mainly Navy has some amount of Mg by
& becomes wet
during rainy season
]