A

Presentation
on

 Motivation
 Types of Motivation
and

 Theories of Motivation
 What is Motivation ?
• Look at these pictures and think…
 The bird is
putting efforts
to make its nest.

All just because of

MOTIVATION

The student is The boy is learning

studying hard to cycle even after
during exams. getting injured.
• We put efforts because we are
motivated to learn

So, motivation
So, motivation is
is
an internal
an internal force
force
to achieve
to achieve aa goal.
goal.
• Two categories of motives

Primary Motives:
Motives which are linked with basic primary
needs and associated with biological well
being of an individual.

Needs that come under this category:

 Need for food,water and oxygen.
 Needs that are fundamental for survival
Need to take rest when tired
Need for being active when rested
Need for regular elimination of waste products from
our body
  Need for satisfaction of sexual urge
Secondary Motives:
Motives linked with one’s socio-
psychological needs are known as
secondary or psychological motives.
Needs that come under this category:

 Need for freedom

 Need for security
 Need to achieve
 Need for affection
 Need for recognition
 Need for companionship
 Need for self assertion
 Need for self actualization
The Motivational Cycle
Need Tension

Satisfaction
Or Activity
Relief

Achievement
Motivated
Of
Behaviour
Goal

Reduction
Of
Tension
Types of Motivation
Natural/Intrinsic Artificial/ Extrinsic
Motivation Motivation
 No functional
 Linked with natural relationship to the
instincts task
 Source of pleasure
does not lie within
 Derives pleasure
the task
within the learning
 Goal l is just pleasure  Goal is not pleasure
rather external
 For instance- rewards
I enjoy reading poetry,  For instance-
so it gives me I am studying for the
pleasure and in this UPCAT exams, It does
way I am naturally not give me pleasure,
motivated to read it. so I am not naturally
motivated. It is a
means of attaining
desired goal.
Theories of Motivation
McClelland's Theory of
Needs
o An individual's specific needs are
acquired over time and are shaped by
one's life experiences
o Most of these needs can be classified
as
 Achievement
 Affiliation
 Power
o McClelland's theory sometimes is also
referred as thethree needs theory or as
learned needs theory .
the
Achievement
o People with a high need for
achievement seek to excel and tend to
avoid both low-risk and high-risk
situations.
 Achievers avoid low-risk situations because the
easily attained success is not a genuine
achievement.
 Achievers avoid high-risk situations because they see
the outcome as one of chance rather than one's own
effort.
o High nAch individuals prefer work that has a
moderate probability of success, ideally a 50%
chance.

o Achievers need regular feedback in order to

monitor the progress of their achievements.

o They prefer either to work alone or with other

high achievers.
Affiliation
• Those with a high need for affiliation
(nAff) need harmonious relationships
with other people and need to feel
accepted by other people.
• They tend to conform to the norms of
their work group.
• High nAff individuals prefer work that
provides significant personal
interaction.
• They perform well in customer service
and client interaction situations
Power
• A person's need for power (nPow) can be one
of two types: -personal
-institutional.
• Those who need personal power want to
direct others, and this need often is perceived
as undesirable.
• Persons who need institutional power (also
known as social power) want to organize the
efforts of others to further the goals of the
organization.