Spanish Colonization

Learning Outcomes
• Narrate the settling of the Spaniards in the Philippines

• Describe the political structure during the Spanish occupation

• Discuss the economic setting during this time

 Magellan’s Expedition

• First Spanish Expedition to the

Philippines
Ferdinand Magellan
 a Portuguese explorer who served
the Spanish royalty, headed five
ships with a crew of 235 men in
search of spices.
 Magellan and his men reached
Philippines on March 17, 1521 –
the discovery of our country by
Magellan
 Introduced Christianity in Cebu
 Killed by Lapu-Lapu in Mactan
Significance of Magellan’s Journey to the
World
To the World:

• Established that the world is round

• Circumnavigation of the world

To the Philippines:

• The First Mass

• Locating the archipelago in the European/World Map
• Introduction of Christianity
Saavedra Expedition
• Led by Alonzo de Saavedra Ceron

• Reached Lanuza Bay in 1528

• Had blood-brotherhood ceremonies with the people of Mindanao

Villalobos Expedition
• Ruy Lopez de Villalobos reached the eastern coast of Mindanao early of
1543

• They settled in Sarangani Island where his men plowed and planted corn.

• Villalobos Expedition’s greatest contribution was the naming of Tandaya

or Kandaya (Leyte) as Las Islas Filipinas in honor of King Philip II of Spain
Legazpi Expedition
• Led by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, reached Cebu in February 1565

• Established in Cebu the first Spanish town named Nombre de Jesus after
Santo Niño of Cebu was discovered

• Martin de Goiti, Legazpi’s nephew named Manila and Cebu as capital then
the name Philippines for the entire archipelago
Political Institutions
• Governor-general performed executive, legislative and judicial functions
for the whole country

• Alcalde mayor – (governor) for the provinces

• Gobernadorcillo – (mayor) administered the municipality

• Cabeza de Barangay – former Datu, sultan or rajah

Economic Policies
• Bandala – community tax paid by Filipinos to thee government

• Forced labor - required all men aged 16-20 to render service to the
government for 40 days in a year

• Encomienda - vast tracks of land given to the favorites of the government

in return of loyal services rendered

• Encomiendero – owners of encomiendas

The Spanish Colonization
 Miguel Lopez de Legazpi and the
Colonization of the Philippines
Legazpi’s Achievements:

• Blood Compacts
• Conquest & establishment of Cebu as the oldest Spanish city
• Conquest of Panay and other Islands
• Founding of the City of Manila
Reasons for the Colonizing the
Philippines: 3Gs

• GOD – the conversion of the natives to Christianity

• GOLD – accumulation of gold and wealth

• GLORY – supremacy of Spain over Portugal as a Superpower

The Union of the Church and State

• Was the political context of colonization

The Petronato Real de las Indias

• was a combination of laws and Jurisprudence that governed the delicate

relationship between the Catholic Church and Spanish Crown
Obligations of Church and Civil Authority
under the Petronato Real
The Church was in charge of the
a. evangelization of the natives
b. recognizing the right of Spaniards to
colonization
Spanish civil Authority
a. Promote and maintain social order
b. Promote, maintain and defend Catholic Religion
c. Extract tribute/stipend and finance cost of missionary work
Thank you!