TABLE OF CONTENT

Recommendation
Acknowledgement
Letter of Approval
Bibilography

1. Introduction
a. Background
b. Justification
c. Objectives
2. Material of Study
a. Area of Study
b. Methodology
3. Result
4. Conclusion
5. Reccomendation

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 RECOMMENDATION

A Project Report " BLOOD PRESSURE OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUP" was prepared
by Preety Kumari of XI Science, Section Aristotle of Om National Academy +2 Science
of Shreepur-11, Birgunj. This project report is forwarded for the final examination of
PHYSICS practical conducted by National Examination Board.

................................... ................................... ....................................

Mr. Komalan Verma Supervisior External
HOD of Biology Awadh Kishore Mahato

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to to my teacher Mr. Komalan
Verma, Mr. Awadh Kishore Mahato, my all the teachers and our principal Dr. Lalbabu
Yadav, for giving me the opportunity to do project and providing invaluable guidance
throughout this project. Their dynamism, vision, sincerity and motivation have deeply
inspired me. It was a great privilege and honor to work and study under their guidance.

I am extremely grateful to my parents for their love, prayers, caring and sacrifices for
educating and preparing me for my future.

I would like to say thanks to my friends and al last I would Like to thanks all the non-
teaching staffs and laboratory staff of OM NATIONAL ACADEMY.

Preety Kumari

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 OM NATIONAL ACADEMY +2 SCIENCE

SHREEPUR-11, BIRGUNJ

Letter of Approval

This is to cerify that the project report on " BLOOD PRESSURE OF DIFFERENT AGE
GROUP" was prepared by Preety Kumari of XI Science, Reg. No ....................................
of Om National Academy +2 Science has be examined.

................................... ................................... ....................................

Mr. Komalan Verma Supervisior Dr. L.B. Yadav
HOD of Biology Awadh Kishore Mahato Director

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Web References
 Arvind Kumar Keshari, P.HD., Bijay Shankar Mishra, Kamal Kumar Adhikari,
Vidharthi Pustak Bhandar, Grade 11
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3376308/
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4998762/

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1. INTRODUCTION
a. Background
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood
vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through
the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressure" refers
to the pressure in the large arteries. Blood pressure is usually expressed in terms of
the systolic pressure (maximum pressure during one heartbeat) over diastolic
pressure (minimum pressure between two heartbeats) in the cardiac cycle. It is measured
in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) above the surrounding atmospheric pressure. Blood
pressure (BP) changes with age in both Office (OBPM) and Ambulatory blood pressure
measurement (ABPM). Understanding age-related changes in BP may help to improve
antihypertensive treatment. ABPM has proven to be a stronger predictor of all causes and
cardiovascular mortality than OBPM. ABPM provides much more information than just
average BP values; it provides an overview of subjects’ specific BP patterns during the
day and night. Therefore, it enables identification of abnormal nocturnal non-dipping or
reverse dipping and (isolated) nocturnal hypertension.
The concept of using single criterion of normal blood pressure with systolic blood
pressure (SBP) < 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 90 mmHg for all ages
is still disputable. The aim of the study is to identify the cutoff value of normotension in
different age and sex groups.
Totally, 10 people (5 males and 5 females) of different age group were enrolled for the
analysis. By using the presence of MetS as the surrogate of CVD, the regression
equations between SBP, DBP, and age were built in both genders. These new criteria are
proved to have better sensitivity and specificity for MetS than either 140/90 or 130/85
mmHg. These simple equations should be used in clinical settings for early prevention of
CVD.
It is well-known that high blood pressure (BP) is the fundamental cause for many serious
cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as cerebral vascular disease and coronary artery
disease. Several reports have shown that there is a continuous, graded, and strong
relationships between BP and the risk CVD. The definition of normal BP (systolic blood
pressure [SBP] < 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] < 90 mmHg) was first
proposed by the 3rd report of Joint National committee on Detection, Evaluation and
Treatment of High Blood Pressure in 1984.

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Other than this, it is also important to note that both SBP and DBP change as age
increases. In other words, age plays a very important role in the regulation of BP.
Therefore, we hypothesized that the definition for normal SBP and DBP should vary
rather than using the same value in all age-groups.
b. Justification
The field s of study of survey, on blood pressure of different age groups assist as gain
knowledge about how to measure the blood pressure of people. It also helps to know
about the effect of high blood pressure, it assists knowing the way of preventing high
blood pressure of human being.
c. Objectives
The prime objectives of the survey are as follows:
1. To find out the normal and high range of blood pressure of different age group.
2. To inspect the relationship of blood pressure with variables such as age and weight.

2. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY

a. Study Area
The study has been done in my hometown Birgunj. Birgunj is one of the biggest cities of
Nepal.  It lies 135 km (84 mi) south of the capital Kathmandu, attached in the north
to Raxaul in the border of the Indian state of Bihar. As an entry point to Nepal from India,
Birgunj is known as the "Gateway of Nepal". It is also called "Commercial capital of
Nepal". The town has significant economic importance for Nepal as most of the trade
with India is via Birgunj and the Indian town of Raxaul. 
The study is conducted at ward number 11 of Birgunj Metropolitan city. Most people of
this area suffering from high blood pressure and some have normal as well as low blood
pressure.
b. Methodology
As the study is based on primary sources of data questionnaire are to be made and given
to people of different age group. The respond of the questionnaire is collected as data and
data is prepared with the name, age, weight and the blood pressure. Similarly, secondary
data is collected from internet, old reports, books and nearby clinics.

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3. RESULT
The result of the study is presented in below table.
S. No Name High B.P Normal B.P Age Weight
1. Sameer Chaudhary 122mmHg 80mmHg 30 65
2. Shikha Mahato 110mmHg 70mmHg 27 50
3. Santosh Barnawal 135mmHg 90mmHg 42 68
4. Pinky Gupta 130mmHg 85mmHg 34 56
5. Rambabu Panjiyar 132mmHg 88mmHg 25 85
6. Samjhana Kumari 117mmHg 75mmHg 23 48
7. Rakhi Karn 137mmHg 90mmHg 55 70
8. Dilip Lal Karn 140mmHg 92mmHg 68 77
9. Pramod Patel 128mmHg 78mmHg 45 75
10. Sumitra Devi 125mmHg 80mmHg 44 63

From the above table we can conclude that many people are suffering from high blood
pressure.

4. CONCLUSION
From the survey on the blood pressure of different age group, we got to know that many
of the participant have high blood pressure so the measurement of blood pressure is one
of the commonly performed producer in clinic medicine and should be done carefully.

5. RECOMMENDATION
From the above survey following recommendation can be drawn:
a. A maintenance program should be defined for each clinical area where blood pressure
measurements are done.
b. Special consideration should be given to the technique of Blood pressure measurement
in special group such as children, obese, elderly people and pregnant women.
c. High blood pressure is often linked to stress. Try relaxation techniques such as yoga or
meditation.
d. Increase in the amount of grains, Fruits, vegetables, nuts and beans in your diet, also
stop smoking if you smoke, your blood pressure may remain consistently high.
e. Defective and inappropriate equipment must not be used. A phase maintenance
program is essential and inexpensive.

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