1

Exercise Topic Page

Chapter 1

Exercise 1 She hadn’t spoken to the boss at 11 am 3

Exercise 2 I can’t stand it when teachers forget … 4
Exercise 3 Can I borrow your pencil? 9
Exercise 4 I’ll improve my English by studying hard 12
Exercise 5 She asked me to call her 13
Exercise 6 She said there was a party! 16
Exercise 7 Reading, Machu Pichu 18

Chapter 2

Exercise 1 I like girls who aren’t shy 19

Exercise 2 I broke my leg while I was hiking 22
Exercise 3 A: I am a lawyer B: You are? 24
Exercise 4 I had gone to the movies the Saturday before 25
Exercise 5 I’m excited about going on vacation! 26
Exercise 6 During the last summer I studied French 28
Exercise 7 Song: Honesty 29

Chapter 3

Exercise 1 That book is good, isn’t it? 30

Exercise 2 The world we live in 31
Exercise 3 I’m so tired 33
Exercise 4 I’m used to studying with music 34
Exercise 5 That’s a real world problem 35
Exercise 6 Everybody came except Tom 37
Exercise 7 Reading: The Threat to KIRIBATI 38

Chapter 4

Exercise 1 I’d rather take this English course 39

Exercise 2 We don’t have enough public transportation 41
Exercise 3 I’ve studied all day 43
Exercise 4 I won’t be able to make it 43
Exercise 5 If I had enough money, I’d buy a house 44
Exercise 6 You’re supposed to be on time every day 45
Exercise 7 Song: Tears in heaven 47

2
 CHAPTER I
EXERCISE 1
SHE HADN’T SPOKEN TO THE BOSS AT 11:00 AM

1. These are some of the things Ann did yesterday. Look at them
and then try to memorize them.

a. b. c.
9:00 take inventory 11:30 write a report 12:00 speak to boss

d. e. f.
2:00 go to the bank 3:00 eat lunch 4:30 give out the
paychecks

g. h. k.
5:30 set up the 6:00 see the 7:00 get gas
meeting room personal officer

l. m. n.
7:30 drive 8:00 swim 9:00 do sit-ups
at the gym

2. What had she done by 4:30 pm?

1. ______________________________________________
By 4:30 she had taken inventory.
2. ______________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________

3


































3. What hadn’t she done by 4:30 pm?

1. ______________________________________________
By 4:30 she hadn’t set up the meeting room.
2. ______________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________

4. Answer these questions. Give long answers.

• Had she written a report by the time she went to the bank? N

• Had she given out the paychecks by the time she saw the personal of cer? Y

• Had she driven the gym by the time she did sit-ups? Y

• Had she eaten lunch by the time she took inventory? N

• Had she seen the personal of cer by the time she wrote a report? N

• Had she swum by the time she went to the bank? N

• Had she eaten lunch by the time she got gas? Y

• Had she spoken to the boss by the time she drove to the gym? Y

• Had she taken inventory by the time she ate lunch? Y

• Had she done sit-ups by the time she gave the paychecks?

4
fi

















fi


 5. Draw and write 9 activities you did yesterday and write down the time you did them.

6. Now make sentences about what you had or hadn’t done by certain time.

Listen!

7. Listen and practice. (Track 95)

Brian: Someone stole my wallet last night! Kathy: Oh no! What happened?
Brian: Well, I was working out, and I had put my

stuff in my locker, just like I always do.

When I came back, someone had stolen my

wallet. I guess I’d forgotten to lock the

locker.
Kathy: That’s terrible! Did you lose much money?

Brian: Only about $15. But I lost my credit card and my driver’s license. What a
pain!

8. Listen to the rest of the conversation. What did Kathy have stolen once?
Where was she? What happened? (Track 96)

5




 EXERCISE 2
I CAN’T STAND IT WHEN TEACHERS FORGET
MY NAME
1. Listen to some common complaints. Check the ones you agree with. (Track 97)

Listen!

Score: If you checked…

1-2 complaints: Wow! You don’t get annoyed very easily.
3-4 complaints: You’re fairly easy going.
5-6 complaints: Hmm, you could be intolerant about some
things.
7-8 complaints: Relax, you get annoyed too easily!

6
2. How do you feel about these situations? Complete the sentences with it clauses from
the list. Then take turns and read your sentences with a partner.

I love it It bothers me I don’t like it

I can’t stand it It embarrases me It doesn’t bother me

It makes me happy It really upsets me I don’t mind it

a. _______________________ when someone gives me a compliment on my clothes.

b. _______________________ when people are direct and say what’s on their mind.

c. _______________________ when someone corrects my English in front of others.

d. _______________________ when a friend is sensitive and supportive.

e. _______________________ when people throw trash on the ground.

f. _______________________ when a friend treats me to dinner.

g. ______________________ when I get phone calls on my birthday.

h. ______________________ when a stranger asks me for money.

i. ______________________ when people call me late at night.

j. _______________________ when teachers are temperamental.

3. Do you ever get annoyed by a certain type of person or situation?

Write down four things that annoy you the most. Then compare in groups.

a. ____________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________________________

7


4. Complete the following sentences with your own information.

• a)  I love it when...

• b)  I don’t like it when...

• c)  It doesn’t bother me when...

• d)  It makes me happy when...

• e)  It embarrasses me when...

• f)  I don’t mind it when...

• g)  I can’t stand it when...

• h)  It upsets me when...

• i)  It bothers me when...

• j)  I like it when...

8


















 EXERCISE 3
Can I borrow your pencil?

1. Listen and practice.

Listen!

2. Listen two more calls Jana made. What else does she want to borrow?
Do her friends agree?

9
 Requests with modals, if clauses and gerunds

Less formal Can I borrow your pencil?

Could you lend me a jacket?
Is it ok if I use your phone?
Do you mind if I use your bike?
Would it be OK if I picked it up on Friday night?
Would you mind if I borrowed your digital camera?
Would you mind letting me use your laptop?
I wonder if I could borrow som money.
More formal I was wondering if you’d mind lending me your car.

3. Make requests using these cues. Then practice with a partner.

Which requests need to be more formal?
a. You want to borrow your classmate’s underwater camera for a diving trip.
A: I was wondering…
B: Sure, that’s fine. But please be careful with it.

b. You want to use your roommate’s computer.

A: Is it OK….?
B: You can use it, but please save my work first.

c. Your neighbor has a car. You need a ride to class.

A: …
B: I’d be glad to. What time?

d. You want a friend to help you move on Saturday.

A: …
B: I’m really sorry. I’m busy the whole weekend.

e. You want to borrow your cousin’s blu-ray of Spider-Man.

A: …
B: Actually, I already lent it to Serena. Sorry!

f. You would like a second piece of your aunt’s cherry pie.

A: …
B: Yes, of course! Just pass me your plate.

10








4. Rewrite these requests to make them more formal. Then practice making
your requests with a partner. Accept or decline each request.

a) Lend me some money for an espresso.

b) Take these books back to the library for me.

c) Let me wear your leather jacket to the party this weekend.

d) I’d like to borrow your cell phone to call my friend in London.

e) Can I look at that newspaper when you’ve finished reading it?

f) Take care of my pet rabbit while I’m on vacation.

a) ______________________________________________________________

b) ______________________________________________________________

c) ______________________________________________________________

d) ______________________________________________________________

e) ______________________________________________________________

f) ______________________________________________________________

11




















 EXERCISE 4
I’ll improve my English by studying hard
1. Make dialogues using the cues. Follow the model.

Example: Fay goes to the store by bicycle. Lou? (bus)

How does Lou go to the store? He goes to the store by bus.

a) John should eat his dessert with a fork. Dan? (a spoon)

b) We went to California by train. You? (car)

c) Charles might go to Europe by plane. Steve? (ship)

d) They paid for the tickets in cash. You? (credit card)

e) Pedro got to the campsite on horseback. Angel? (quad bike)

2. Answer the questions by changing the second sentence to by + verb + -ing.

Example: How did she learn the meaning of the word? She looked in the dictionary.

By looking in the dictionary.

a) How did you celebrate your last birthday? I had a party.

b) How did he become a doctor? He went to medical school.

c) How do people get in shape? They exercise.

d) How did you learn to swim? I took lessons.

e) How can I get a driver’s license? You can apply at the bureau of Motor Vehicles.
f) How did he find a good lawyer? He asked a friend.

12

 3. Answer the next questions. Give long answers.

a) How can you make a cake?

b) How can you drive a car?

c) How will you go home today?

d) How did you learn to walk?

e) How do you learn to speak English?

f) How can you get a visa?

EXERCISE 5
She asked me to call her
1. Report the commands.
1. my doctor Lose some weight! You’re too heavy!

2. my dentist Don’t eat candy! It’s bad for your teeth!

3. my math teacher Do your homework over! You made too many mistakes!

4. the school-bus driver Sit down and be quiet! You’re disturbing me!

5. my girlfriend Don’t call me this weekend! I want to be alone!

6. my parents Stop going out with Tom! You’re getting too serious about
each other!

7. my boss Come to work early tomorrow! I need some help, and you’re
the only one who can help me!

8. my seven-year-old son Don’t kiss me in front of my friends anymore! I’m a big boy
now!

13

2. Read the text, then answer True, False, or Maybe (if the answer isn’t in the story).

Margaret had a bad stomachache yesterday
afternoon. She called her doctor and asked
him what she should do. Her doctor told
her to rest in bed. He also told her not to
eat too much for dinner. And he told her to
call him in the morning if she was still
sick. Margaret felt better after speaking
with her doctor. She’s glad she can always
depend on him for good advice.
Mrs. Tanaka’s students are going to take
the college entrance examination this
Saturday, and they’re very nervous. They
asked Mrs. Tanaka if she had any helpful
advice. She told them to answer the
questions carefully. She told them not to
spend too much time on a question that
was too difficult. And she told them to get
a good night’s sleep the night before the
examination. Mrs. Tanaka’s students felt
more confident after speaking with her.
They’re glad they can always depend on
her for good advice.
Eric went out on his first date yesterday
evening. Before he left the house, he asked
his parents if they had any advice. They
told him to be polite when he met the girl’s
mother and father. They also told him not
to drive too fast. And they told him not to
bring his date home later than ten o’clock.
Eric felt more prepared for his date after
speaking to his parents. He’s glad he can
always depend on them for good advice.
Mr. and Mrs. Pratt are going away on
vacation soon, and they’re concerned
because there have been several robberies
in their neighborhood recently. They called
the police and asked them what they could
do to prevent their house from being
broken into while they were away. The
police told them to lock all the windows
and leave on a few lights. They also
advised them to ask the neighbors to pick
up the mail. And they warned them not to
tell too many people that they would be
away. Mr. and Mrs. Pratt felt reassured
after speaking with the police. They’re
glad they can always depend on them for
good advice.

a) Margaret told her doctor to rest in bed.

b) Margaret didn’t eat very much for dinner yesterday.
c) Eric hadn’t gone out on a date before yesterday.
d) Eric brought his date home by ten o’clock.
e) Mrs. Tanaka teaches at a college.
f) Mrs. Tanaka got a good night’s sleep the night before the examination.
g) Locking windows and leaving on lights are two ways to prevent
robberies.
h) The Pratt’s house was broken into while they were away.

14

 3.! Listen and practice.

Daniel: Hi Amanda.
Amanda: Oh, Daniel! I was going to call you tonight.
Daniel: What’s up?
Amanda: Well, it’s Albert’s birthday on Saturday, and
I’m planning a surprise party for him.
Daniel: Sounds like fun.
Amanda: The idea is this: I’ve asked Albert to go to a
movie with me at six. After the movie, we go
back to his apartment to have dinner. So be at
Albert’s by 7:30 to wait for us and surprise him. Listen!
His roommate will let you in.
Daniel: OK. Great.
Amanda: Uh, can you bring some soda? Oh, and don’t
say anything to Albert.
Daniel: No problem.

15

 EXERCISE 6
She said there was a party
1. Report the statements. Follow the example.

A. I forgot to tell you. Grandma called yesterday.

B. Really? What did she say?
A. She said (that) she was sick.

1. Miguel and Maria We’re engaged.

2. Robert I’m doing very well in college this semester.

3. Aunt Margaret I like my new apartment.

4. my upstairs neighbors We’re going to move away.

5. my niece Terry I got a raise last month.

6. Uncle Ted I was on TV last week.

7. your brother in Detroit I’ve fallen in love.

8. your sister in Seattle I’ll call you again next week.

9. The woman from the furniture store We can deliver your new sofa on Saturday.

10. the TV repairman I can’t fix your TV.

11. my boss You don’t have to work overtime this week.

12. your nephew Paul I’ll send you a postcard from Honolulu.

13. the little girl down the street I won’t be able to baby-sit this Saturday.

14. the auto mechanic The car is ready, and you can pick it up any
time you want.

15. my boyfriend I’m sorry I forgot about your birthday.

16. Uncle Frank I was planning to visit this weekend, but I

won’t be able to come because I have the flu.

16

 Listen!
2.! Listen and practice.

Albert: Hi, Daniel. This is Albert.

Daniel: Oh, hi. How are things?
Albert: Just fine, thanks. Uh, are you doing anything
on Saturday night?
Daniel: Hmm. Saturday night? Let me think. Oh, yes.
My cousin just called to say he was flying in
that night. I told him I would pick him up.
Albert: Oh, that’s too bad! It’s my birthday. I’m
having dinner with Amanda, and I thought
I’d invite more people and make it a party.
Daniel: Gee, I’m really sorry, but I won’t be able
to make it.
Albert: I’m sorry, too. But that’s OK.

Listen!
3.! Listen to Albert inviting friends to his party on Saturday.
What excuses do people give for not coming?
Match the person to the excuse.

1. Scott… a. She said that she wasn’t feeling well.

2. Fumiko… b. He said he was taking his mother to a
dance club.
3. Manuel… c. She said she had houseguests for the weekend.
4. Regina… d. He said that he would be out of town.
e. She said she might go out with a friend.
f. He said he was going away with his family.

4. !Nancy is out of town for the weekend. Listen to four messages on her answering
machine. Her roommate has written down the first one. Write down the other messages.

Nancy - Friday, 9 p.m. Listen!

Bill called. He said he would meet

you in front of Pizza house at 6:30 p.m.
on Monday.

17

 EXERCISE 7
Machu Pichu
1.Read the following article. Then say true or false to the sentences below.
Ghost city in the clouds

The city of Machu Pichu is one of the greatest mysteries of the world. It is an ancient city on
the Peruvian Andes. A beau ful and mysterious site, it is completely isolated.
In 1911, Yale University Professor Hiram Bingham “discovered” Machu Pichu during an
expedi on in the Andes. Actually, local people led him to the site of the ruins, covered with
jungle growth. Bingham believed that these ruins were the last capital of the Inca empire, “the
lost city of the Incas.”

Was Bingham right? There’s been much discussion by archeologists in the absence of any
wri en record of Machu Pichu. It is generally agreed that the city was built during the een
century and abandoned in the sixteen century at the me of the Spanish conquest. It may
have been built as a fortress to protect the Incas from the conquering Spaniards or from
neighboring tribes who a acked Machu Pichu it may have been a holy city where religious
rites were performed, perhaps by chosen women. (About three-quarters of the skeletons
found at Machu Pichu are female.)

The ruins of Machu Pichu consist of agricultural, residen al, and sacred zones in an area of
about two square miles. Approximately 1,000 people lived once.
Over 200 stone buildings were used as homes, temples, and warehouses for the corn and
potatoes that were the main foods for the Incas. To grow these crops, along with other plants,
the Incas designed a system of terraces and step alongside the mountain to prevent erosion.
They also built stone aqueducts and irriga on canals to provide water for the crops. The Incas
even invented the rst dehydrated food called chuño, a type of dried potato.

The sacred buildings of Machu Pichu show the extraordinary skill of the Incas in architectural
design and stonework. The temple of the sun, perhaps the most beau ful structure, is one of
the highest points in the city. Some say it may once have been covered with gems. Yet despite
the Incas’ advanced knowledge of engineering and expert stonework, they didn’t have a
wri en language. That is perhaps the greatest barrier to uncovering the mysteries of the ghost
city in the clouds.

a) The Incas ruins at Machu Pichu are about 500 years old.
b) The Incas left behind a written history of Machu Pichu.
c) The Incas who built Machu Pichu were skilled in architecture and stonework.
d) Archeologists are now sure that Machu Pichu was Holy city.
e) We still don’t know everything about Machu Pichu.
18
tt
tt
ti
fi

tt
ti

ti
ti

ti

ti

fi
ft
 CHAPTER II

EXERCISE 1
I like girls who aren’t shy

1. Look at the chart above and discuss.

a) In your opinion, which of the qualities above are most important

to look for in a partner?

b) Did any of the items surprise you? Which one? Why?

c) Are there other important qualities missing from the list?

d) How do people meet their partners in your country?

19
 2. ! Listen and practice.

Chris: Do you have a date for the party yet?

Kim: Actually, I don’t … Do you know
anyone I could go with?
Chris: Hmm. What kind of guys do you like?
Kim: Oh, I like guys who aren’t too serious
and who have a good sense of humor.
You know, someone like you.
Chris: OK. Uh, what else?
Kim: Well, I’d prefer someone I have
something in common with – who I
can talk to easily.
Chris: I think I know just the guy for you.
Bob Branson. Do you know him?
Kim: No, I don’t think so.
Chris: ok, I’ll ask him to meet us for coffee,
And you can tell me what you think. Listen!

3.! Listen to Chris and Kim discuss Bob after they meet for coffee. How did Kim like him?

4 Match the information in columns A and B. Then rewrite each pair to form
one sentence. Use a relative pronoun if necessary.
A B
1. I don’t want to have a partner___ a. These people are organized and intelligent
2. I’d like to meet people___ b. This person has good leadership qualities.
3. I’d prefer a roommate___ c. These people have a good sense of humor.
4. I don’t like to be with people___ d. I have nothing in common with this person.
5. I want to discuss my problems with friends____ e. These people are warm and sensitive.
6. I’d rather have a boss___ f. I don’t feel comfortable around these people.
7. I’d prefer to have teachers___ g. This person is quiet and considerate.

Example: I don’t want to have a partner who I have nothing in common with.

5. Complete the sentences in column A with your own information. Then compare
with a partner. Do you and your partner have similar opinions?

20

 6. Match the words with the definitions. Then decide which words are positive and
which are negative. Write P or N next to each word.

___ 1. Sociable ___ a. a person who won’t accept other people’s differences.
___ 2. Intolerant ___ b. someone who doesn’t like giving things to people; ungenerous.
___ 3. Modest ___ c. someone who expresses a very high opinion of him- or herself.
___ 4. Temperamental ___ d. someone who is helpful and encouraging.
___ 5. Egotistical ___ e. a person who doesn’t do what he or she promised.
___ 6. Easygoing ___ f. a person who enjoys being with other people.
___ 7. Stingy ___ g. a person who has unpredictable or irregular moods.
___ 8. Unreliable ___ h. a person who doesn’t worry much or get angry easily.
___ 9. Supportive ___ i. someone who doesn’t brag about his or her accomplishments.

7. Can you remember the definitions? Take turns talking about the adjectives.

Example: “A sociable person is someone who…”

Listen!

8.! Listen to conversations that describe three people.

Are the descriptions positive (P) or negative (N)? Check ☑ the box.

1. Andrea P N __________________________ _________________________

2. James P N __________________________ _________________________
3. Mr. Johnson P N __________________________ _________________________

9.! Listen again. Write two adjectives for each person in the chart.

21












 EXERCISE 2
I broke my leg while I was hiking.
1. Talk about the questions below.

a) Which sections contain daily news?

b) Which sections are for entertainment?
c) Put the section in order from most interesting to least interesting. Listen!
d) What are two other sections or types of news stories that you like to read about?

2. ! Listen to the TV news stories. What type of stories are they?

1. An attempted robbery took place at Eastern
Bank today. A man was trying to rob the
bank, but he wasn’t very lucky! While he
was escaping from the bank, the robber got
caught in the revolving door. The police
arrived and took the man to jail.
2. It was a strange soccer match last night.
The Bears won the game, but the Lions
scored the goal! As Jake Walters was
running toward the ball, he tripped and
accidentally kicked it into the wrong goal.
The score was Bears 1, Lions 0.

3. An embarrassing incident happened at the 4. An electrical problem at Pax Arena

Transportation Conference this morning.
The Secretary of Transportation was making
a speech when a protester threw an egg at
her. The protester was arrested, and the
secretary finished her speech.
interrupted a Planets concert last night. The
Planets were performing a new song when
the lights went out. But the show went on!
The Planets continued to play in the dark,
and the lights came back on an hour later.

22

 Grammar focus
Past continuous Simple past
While he was escaping from the bank, the robber got caught in the revolving door.
As Jake was running toward the ball, he tripped and kicked it into the wrong goal.
The secretary was making a speech, when a protestor threw an egg at her.

3. Complete the news stories using the past continuous and the simple past.
Use the verbs given. Then compare with a partner.
Divers Hit the Jackpot!
While divers ___________________ (work) off the coast of Florida, they
____________________ (discover) a shipwreck containing gold worth $2 million.
The divers ______________________ (film) a show about the coral reef when they
_______________________ (find) the gold.
Four-legged Customers
As a woman ______________________(walk) her pet poodle down the street, a hair
stylist __________________ (notice) them through the window and suddenly
___________________ (have) a great idea. Later, while he ______________________
(create) a new line of hair care products for dogs and cats, he
_________________________(come) up with a new slogan: “Even animals have bad
hair days!”
Rescue… the Ambulance!
An ambulance driver________________________(have) breakfast in a coffee shop
when a woman _____________________(hop) into his ambulance and
___________________(drive) away. The driver ___________________ (hurry) to phone
and __________________(alert) the police. The carjacker __________________ (go)
over 90 miles an hour when the highway patrol finally ________________(catch) up
with her.

4 ! Listen to news broadcasts about three events. Do the stories have a happy ending?
Take notes about each event.

Where did it happen? When did it happen? What happened?

Listen!
1.____________________ _______________________ ___________________

2.____________________ _______________________ ___________________

3.____________________ _______________________ ___________________

23

 EXERCISE 3
- I am a lawyer
- You are?

1. Match the statements with the correct reaction.

1. I’m not working at the bank anymore. _____ a. You will?

2. My sister just had a baby. _____ b. We do?
3. My parents don’t live in Montreal anymore. _____ c. You have?
4. I’ve decided to go back to school. _____ d. He does?
5. My brother is going to get married. _____ e. They don’t?
6. My father has an airplane. _____ f. He isn’t?
7. I’ll go to China next month. _____ g. She did?
8. Sam isn’t coming. _____ h. He is?
9. Tom has been all around the world. _____ i. He has?
10.We have a test tomorrow. _____ j. You aren’t?

24

 EXERCISE 4
I had gone to the movies the Saturday before
1. Answer the next questions. Look at the example.

a) Did Andrew eat lunch at Burger Town yesterday?

b) No. He didn’t want to. He had eaten lunch at Burger Town the day before.

a)Did Sheila drive to the beach last weekend?

b)Did you go dancing last night?

c) Did Paul make pancakes for breakfast and yesterday morning?

d)Did your children have peanut butter jelly sandwiches for lunch yesterday?

e)Did you and your friends see a movie yesterday evening?

f) Did the Browns take their children to the aquarium last Saturday afternoon?

2. Answer these questions. Follow the example.

Example: a) Did Alan get to the movie on time?

b) No, he didn’t. By the time he got to the movie, it had already begun.

a) Did your sister finish her homework before she went to sleep?
b) Did Betty have breakfast at 10am break?
c) Did you go for a run before taking a shower?
d) Did your friend read the book before watching the movie?
e) Did you leave the meeting at the time everyone else did?

25

 EXERCISE 5
I’m excited about going on vacation!
1. These words are used to describe how people sometimes feel when they live
in a foreign country. Which are positive (P)? Which are negative (N)?

anxious __________ embarrassed __________ insecure _________

comfortable _______ enthusiastic ___________ nervous _________
confident ________ excited _______________ uncertain ________
curious __________ fascinated ____________ uncomfortable ____
depressed ________ homesick _____________ worried _________

2. Do you live (or would you like to live) in a foreign country?

How did you feel (or would you feel) about moving there?

Listen!
3. !Listen to the people talk about moving to a foreign country.
Would you have any of the same concerns?
_____ “One thing I’d really miss is my mom’s cooking”
_____ “I’d be uncertain about the local food. I might not like it”
_____ “Getting used to different customs might be difficult at first”
_____ “My room at home is the thing that I’d miss the most. I’d be homesick”
_____ “Communicating in a new language is something I’d be anxious about”
_____ “Moving to a country with a very different climate could be a challenge”
_____ “I’d be worried about getting sick and not knowing how to find a good doctor”
_____ “Something I’d be nervous about is making new friends, especially in a foreign language”

4. Rank each concern in part 3 from 1 to 5. What is your biggest concern? Tell the class
1 = Confident. I wouldn’t be worried about this at all.
2 = Comfortable. I think this would be OK.
3 = Uncertain. This might be a problem for me.
4 = Insecure. This would make me nervous.
5 = Anxious. I would really be uncomfortable about this.

26

 GRAMMAR FOCUS
One thing (that) I’d really miss is my mom’s cooking.
My mom’s cooking is one thing (that) I’d really miss

Something (that) I’d be nervous about is making new friends.

Making new friends is something (that) I’d be nervous about.

Two people (who/that) I’d e-mail every day are my parents.

My parents are two people (who/that) I’d e-mail every day.

5. Complete the sentences about living in a foreign country.

Use the phrases below. Then compare with a partner.
my friends trying new foods making new friends getting lost in a new city
my family my favorite food being away from home not understanding people
getting sick my room at home speaking a new language
getting used to a different culture
a. One thing I’d definitely be fascinated by is___________________________________________.

b. _______________________________________________________ is something I’d really miss.

c. Two things I’d be homesick for are _________________________________________________.

d. _________________________________________________ are two things I’d be anxious about.

e. Something that would depress me is ________________________________________________.

f. ________________________________________ is one thing that I might be embarrassed about.

g. The most uncomfortable thing would be_____________________________________________.

h. __________________________________________ is something from home that I’d never miss.

i. One thing I´d be insecure about is __________________________________________________.

j. __________________________________________ are two things I’d be very enthusiastic about.

6. Now complete the sentences in the previous part with your own information.

27

 EXERCISE 6
During the last summer I studied French

1. Complete the expressions with during or while. Then make up sentences

about yourself, using these expressions.

a) ______________ my last vacation.

b) ______________ I was growing up.
c) ______________ my childhood.
d) ______________ I was on my way to class.
e) ______________ the last week.
f) ______________ I was in the elementary school.
g) ______________ the night.
h) ______________ the Saturday afternoon.
i) ______________ I was sleeping.
j) ______________ my sister’s vacation.

2. Work with a partner. Describe a trip or a vacation you’ve taken.

28

 EXERCISE 7
Honesty

Listen!

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct word.

face hardly find sincerity security lonely might so

they such because lonely honesty promises believe tell

If you search for tenderness I can find a lover.

it isn't hard to ____________. I can find a friend.
You can have the love you need to live. I can have ____________ until the bitter
But if you look for truthfulness end.
You _____________ just as well be blind. Anyone can comfort me
It always seems to be so hard to give with _____________ again.
I know, I know.
Honesty is ___________ a lonely word.
Everyone is so untrue. When I'm deep inside of me
Honesty is _________ ever heard. don't be too concerned.
And mostly what I need from you. I won't as for nothin' while I'm gone.
But when I want _______________,
I can always find someone tell me where else can I turn.
to say _________ sympathize. ______________ you're the one I depend
If I wear my heart out on my sleeve. upon.
But I don't want some pretty ___________
to ______ me pretty lies. Honesty is such a _____________ word.
All I want is someone to______________. Everyone is so untrue.
Honesty is hardly ever heard.
Honesty is such a ______________ word. And mostly what I need from you
Everyone is ________ untrue.
_____________ is hardly ever heard.
And mostly what I need from you.
29





















































































 CHAPTER III

EXERCISE 1
That book is good, isn’t it?

1. Complete the following sentences by adding a tag question to each one.

a) Your name is Tom, ___________________?

b) They haven’t played before, ___________________?
c) You’re from Mexico, ___________________?
d) I’m not fired, ____________?
e) Your mother should know, ___________________?
f) She can’t swim very well, ___________________?
g) You’ve lived here for five years, __________________?
h) You didn’t sleep well yesterday night, ___________________?
i) You work in a hospital, _________________?
j) My brother won’t arrive next Friday, ___________________?
k) You’ve never been to France, _______________?
l) Let’s go dancing, __________________?
m) I’m your friend, ___________________?
n) You were in my English class last semester, __________________?
o) You mustn’t speak Spanish in the class, ___________________?
p) Your sister has a baby, _________________?
q) Nancy doesn’t work in a school, _________________?
r) He shouldn’t eat fat, ___________________?
s) Let’s go to the movies, ___________________?
t) Mary will play the piano, _________________?
u) You went to Paris last summer, ________________?

30

 EXERCISE 2
Listen!
The world we live in
1. !Listen to an announcement from an election campaign.
What kinds of problems does Roberta Chang want to fix?

VOTE FOR ROBERTA CHANG * CITY COUNCIL

Roberta Chang will clean up Cradville!
Have you no ced these problems in our city?
The air is being polluted by Our cities are being The homeless have been
fumes form cars and trucks. damaged as a result displaced from city shelters
of heavy traffic. due to overcrowding.

The roadways have been Many parks have been Our fresh water supply is
jammed because of people’s lost through overbuilding. being depleted through
dependence on cars. overuse by people who don’t
conserve.

If you vote Roberta Chang for city council, you vote for solutions!

2. Which of these problems affect your city? Can you give specific examples?

GRAMMAR FOCUS

Passive with preposi ons

The air is being polluted by fumes from cars and trucks.

City streets are being damaged as a result of heavy traffic.
Many parks have been lost through overbuilding.
The roadways have been jammed because of people’s dependence on cars.
The homeless have been displaced due to overcrowding in city shelters.

31
ti


ti



 4. Match the photographs of environmental problems with the sentences below.

a) Air pollution is threatening the health of people in urban areas. (by)
b) Livestock farms have contaminated soil and underground water. (because of)
c) The burning of gas, oil, and coal has created acid rain. (as a result of)
d) The use of CFCs in products like hair spray has created a hole on the ozone layer. (through)
e) The destruction of rain forests is harming rare plants and wildlife. (through)
f) The growth of suburbs has eaten up huge amounts of farmland. (due to)

5. Rewrite the sentences in part A using the passive and the prepositions given.
Then compare with a partner.

a) _______________________________________________________________________

b) _______________________________________________________________________

c) _______________________________________________________________________

d) _______________________________________________________________________

e) _______________________________________________________________________

f) _______________________________________________________________________
__

32

 EXERCISE 3
I’m so tired
1. Match the picture with the problem that the people in the picture have.

A B C D

1) I have the flu! ____________ 2) I’ve got insomnia! _________

3) I’ve got a headache! __________ 4) I’ve got a toothache! ________

2. Now act out a conversation giving a reason for the problems above.
Follow the example and use the ideas from the box.
Example: A: I’m so tired!
B: How come?
A: I guess I’m not used to getting up so early.

SOME PROBLEMS SOME REASONS

I’m so… – I’ve got such a… I’m not used to…

tired getting up _____ early.

headache watching TV _____ a long time.
dizzy studying _____ hard.
sore eyes being for _____ a demanding boss.
stressed eating _____ spicy food.
stomachache traveling _____ long by ship.
sleepy speaking _____ loudly.
sore throat working _____ hard.

33

 3. Write so or such in the blanks.

a. My new apartment is _________ beautiful.
b. I’ll buy _________ much food.
c. This is _________ a difficult subject.
d. I’m _________ glad you’re here.
e. Tom’s never been in __________ a good job.
f. Sandy has __________ many brothers.
g. I’ll be __________ happy.
h. I have __________ good friends

EXERCISE 4
I’m used to study with music
1. Act out a conversation with the situations in the pictures.
You may either accept or refuse the invitation. Follow the model.

A: Let’s turn on the radio. Is that OK with you?

B: Sure! I’m used to studying or B: Actually, I’d rather not.

with music. I’m not used to studying with music.

1) turn on the radio 2) meet for breakfast at 6:30 a.m. 3) go for a 10- mile hike

4) go to the midnight show 5) take a 4-week vacation 6) sing at the class party

2. Work with a partner. Suggest something you’d like to do.

Your partner will accept or refuse.

34

 EXERCISE 5
That’s a real world problem

1. How concerned are you about these problems? Check ☑ the appropriate box.

Problems Very Fairly Not

concerned concerned concerned

Drug trafficking ( ) ( ) ( )
Famine ( ) ( ) ( )
Global warming ( ) ( ) ( )
Government corruption ( ) ( ) ( )
Overpopulation ( ) ( ) ( )
Poverty ( ) ( ) ( )
Crime ( ) ( ) ( )
Water pollution ( ) ( ) ( )
Listen!

2.! Listen and practice.

Carla: Look at all those dead fish! What do you
think happened?
Andy:Well, there’s a factory outside town that’s
pumping chemicals into the river.
Carla: How can they do that? Isn’t that against the law?
Andy:Yes, it is. But a lot of companies ignore those laws.
Carla: That’s terrible! What can we do about it?
Andy:Well, one thing to do about it is to talk to
the company’s management.
Carla: What if that doesn’t work?
Andy:Well, then another way to stop them is to
get a TV station to run a story on it.
Carla: Yes! Companies hate bad publicity. By the way,
what’s the name of this company?
Andy It’s called Apex Industries.
Carla: Oh no! My uncle is one of their top executives!
35

 3.! Listen to the rest of the conversation. What do Andy and Carla decide to do?

4. Find one or more solutions for each problem. Then compare with a partner.

Problems Solutions
1. One way to reduce famine is ____ a. to build more public housing.
2. One thing to improve air quality is ____ b. to train people in modern farming methods
3. The best way to reduce poverty is ____ c. to start free vocational training programs
4. One thing to help the homeless is ____ d. to have more police on the streets.
5. One way to stop crime is____ e. to develop cleaner public transportation.
f. to create more jobs for the unemployed.

5. Can you think of two more solutions for each problem in part 4?
Agree on the best solution for each.

36

 EXERCISE 6
Everybody came except Tom
1. Look at the use of except and but. Then rewrite the sentences bellow with except or but.

Everybody but John came.

came except John.
Anyplace except the library is O.K.
but the library.
Anyone but Tom can give you direc ons.
can give you direc ons except Tom.
Any day except Tuesday is ne.
is ne but Tuesday.
a) A: Were there a lot of people at the meeting?
B: (Only Jane didn’t come.)

b) A: Did everyone go to the party?

B: (Tom was the only person who was there.)

c) A: When do you want to have lunch together?

B: (Monday’s the only day I’m not free.)

d) A: Where would you like to eat?

B: (It doesn’t really matter, but just not at Charlie’s.)

e) A: Have you traveled a lot in South America?

B: (No, the only place I’ve been to is Brazil.)

f) A: Can someone give me directions to the library?

B: (Sandy’s the only one who can’t give you directions.)

2. Answer the following questions with but and except.

a. Do you like all kind of music?
b. Do you like all kind of movies?
c. Do you like all kind of TV programs?
d. Do you like all kind of food?
e. Do you like all kind of sports?
f. Do you like all kind of parties?

37












fi

ti
fi

ti

 EXERCISE 7
The threat to Kiribati
1. Read the article. Then complete the chart with information from the article.
The people of Kiribati (pronounced Kir-uh-bas)
are afraid that one day in the near future, their
country will disappear - literally. Several times in
the past few years, the Pacific island nation has
been flooded by sudden high tides. These tides,
which swept across the islands and destroyed
houses, came when there was neither wind nor
rain. The older citizens of Kiribati say this has
never happened before.
Kiribati consists of 33 islands scattered across
3,860 kilometers (2,400 miles) of the Pacific
Ocean near the equator. They are particularly
threatened by high tides because none of the
islands of Kiribati rises more than 2 meters (6.5
feet) above sea level.
What is causing these mysterious tides? The
answer may be global warming. When fuels like
oil and coal are burned, they release pollutants
that trap heat in the earth’s atmosphere. Rising
temperatures create more water by melting
glaciers and polar ice caps.
Cause (Reason)
a. There have been sudden high tides.
b._________________________________
c. Fuels like oil and coal are burned
d. _________________________________
e. _________________________________
f. Kiribati doesn’t have a lot of money
Scientists say that if the trend continues, many
countries will suffer. Bangladesh, for example,
might lose one-fifth of its land. However, the coral
island nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati and the
Marshall Islands, would face an even worse fate -
they would be swallowed by the sea. This would be
everyone’s loss: Coral formations are home to more
species than any other place on earth.
The people of these nations feel frustrated. The
ocean, on which their economies have always been
based, is suddenly threatening their existence.
There are no easy answers. These nations don’t
have a lot of money, so they can’t afford expensive
solutions, like sea walls. And they have no control
over pollutants, which are being released mainly by
large industrialized countries. All they can do is to
hope that these countries will take steps to reduce
pollution, and therefore, global warming.
Effect (Result)
The island has been flooded_____________
Kiribati is particularly threatened by the tides.
_______________________________________
Temperatures rise.
The people of these nations feel frustrated.
_______________________________________
38

 CHAPTER IV
EXERCISE 1
I’d rather take this English course
1. Look at the chart and talk about the questions below.

Popular College Majors

Broadcasting learn about television or radio media.
Criminology study crime solving or prevention.
Economics learn budgeting or international trade.
Environmental Science study conservation or pollution.
Exercise Science study fitness or sports management.
Fashion learn design or merchandising.
Film Studies study film history or film production.
Hospitality study hotel or restaurant management.
Interior Design decorate homes or buildings.
Nutritional Science study children’s nutrition or weight loss.

a) Which of these majors would be good for people who like to work with others?
b) for artistic types?
c) for people who like to be outside?
d) for problem solvers?
e) Which ones sound the most interesting to you? Why?
2. Read a survey about adding courses to the curriculum.

CAMPUS SURVEY
We are expanding the school curriculum next year. What kinds of classes should we add? Please take a moment
to answer a few questions.

1. Would you rather take a media class or a health class?

___ a. I’d rather take a media class. (Go to question 2a.)
___ b. I’d rather take a health class. (Go to question 2b.)
___ c. I’d rather take another type of course than study media or health. (Go to question 3.)

2a. If you chose media class, would you prefer 2b. If you chose health class, would
to study film studies or broadcasting? you rather learn exercise science
___ a. I’d prefer to study film studies. or nutritional science?
___ b. I’d prefer to study broadcasting. ___ a. I’d rather learn exercise science.
___ c. I’d prefer not to study either. I’d prefer ___ b. I’d rather learn nutritional science.
another media course: ___ c. I’d rather not learn either. I’d
______________________________________ prefer another health course:
___________________________
3. What other types of courses would you add to the curriculum? _______________________

39

 3. Take the survey. Be sure to fill in the blanks if any of your answers are “c.”
GRAMMAR FOCUS

Would rather takes the base form of the verb. Would prefer usually takes an infinitive. Both
are followed by not in the negative.

Would you rather take a media class or a health class? Let’s join a choir.
I’d rather take a media class I’d rather not join a choir.
I’d rather not take either. I’d rather not.
I’d rather take another course than study media or health. I’d prefer not to join a choir.
I’d prefer not to.
Would you prefer to study film studies or broadcasting?
I’d prefer to study film I’d prefer not to study either

4. Complete the conversations with would and the appropriate form of the verbs
in parentheses. Then practice with a partner.

1. A: ________________ you prefer _______________________ a course in exercise

science or nutritional science? (take)
B: I’d prefer _______________________ for a nutritional science course
because it’s more useful for me in nursing. (register)

2. A: _______________ you rather __________________ English in Australia or

Canada? (learn)
B: I think I’d prefer __________________ in Australia because it’s
warmer there. (study)

3. A: If you needed to learn a new skill, _________________ you prefer

_____________ a class or _________________ a private tutor? (attend / have)
B: I’d rather ________________ for a class than ________________ a tutor.
Private tutors are too expensive! (sign up / hire)

4. A: ______________ you rather _______________ a choir or an orchestra? (join)

B: I’d rather ________________ in a choir than ___________________ in an
orchestra. (sing / play)

5. A: _______________ you prefer ________________ broadcasting or film studies? (major in)

B: To tell you the truth, I’d prefer not ____________________ either.
I’d rather ________________ for a newspaper. (do / work)

5. Take turns asking the questions in part 4.

Give your own information when responding.

40

 EXERCISE 2
We don’t have enough public transportation
1. Read and practice.

Lynn: Why is there never a bus when you want one?

Sam: Good question. There aren’t enough buses
on this route.
Lynn: Sometimes I feel like writing a letter to the paper.
Sam: Good idea. You should say that we need more
subway lines, too.
Lynn: Yeah. There should be more public transportation
in general.
Sam: And fewer cars! There’s too much traffic.
Lynn: Say, is that our bus coming?
Sam: Yes, it is. But look. It’s full!
Lynn: Oh, no! Let’s go and get a cup of coffee. We can talk
about this letter I’m going to write.

2. Find another way to say these sentences by using not enough.

a. Robert needs more money to pay his new car. _________________________________________

b. We have a few chairs for the party. _________________________________________________
c. The plants died because they needed more water. ______________________________________
d. I can’t go sailing. There is little wind. _______________________________________________
e. That sofa is too big for the little space in my living room. ________________________________
f. We have too many guests in our party. We need more food. ______________________________
g. There are only a few windows in that house. __________________________________________
h. That apartment has only one bathroom. ______________________________________________
i. In my neighborhood there are a few schools. __________________________________________
j. We should take a taxi. There are few seats in the bus. ___________________________________

41

 3. Rephrase these sentences by using not enough and the adjective in parenthesis.

a. My car is too slow. (fast) ________________________________

b. My mother’s house is too cramped. (spacious) ________________________________
c. He is too weak to carry that heavy package. (strong) ________________________________
d. My apartment is too small. (big) ________________________________
e. My bedroom is too dark to read in it.(bright) ________________________________
f. I am too young to drive. (old) ________________________________
g. My neighbors are too noisy. (quiet) ________________________________
h. That place is too dangerous to grow a family. (safe) ________________________________
i. Nowadays the streets are too dirty. (clean) ________________________________
j. He is too short to enter the competition. (tall) ________________________________

4. Unscramble the following sentences.

a. enough / water / is / warm / the / not

_____________________________________________________________________________
b. plates / have / we / don’t / enough
_____________________________________________________________________________
c. there / too / milk / coffee / this / in / is / much
_____________________________________________________________________________
d. there / were / people / many / too
_____________________________________________________________________________
e. was / pepper / there / steak / the / on / much / too
_____________________________________________________________________________
f. is / Paul / to / not / enough / old / drive
_____________________________________________________________________________
g. can’t / I / wind / go / because / sailing / isn’t / enough / there
_____________________________________________________________________________
h. noise / is / too / there / much / here
_____________________________________________________________________________
i. room / enough / wasn’t / the / warm
_____________________________________________________________________________
j. time / we / haven’t / a / take / to / this / enough / holiday / year / had
_____________________________________________________________________________

42

 EXERCISE 3
I’ve studied all day
1. Karen calls up a short cuts hair salon to make an appointment for a haircut.
Complete the conversation with the whole, this whole, all or every.

A: I’d like to make an appointment for a haircut with Ricardo. Can he see me
tomorrow morning?
B: Ricardo is busy _____________ morning tomorrow. In fact, he’s pretty busy
___________ week. Let’s see… How about Wednesday at ten?
A: I work _____________ Wednesday until noon, and this week I’m also busy
_________ afternoon. I’m free _____________ day this Thursday, though.
B: Ricardo is off ___________ Thursday.
A: Does he have any openings next Monday?
B: Yes, he’s free _____________ afternoon.
A: I’d like to make an appointment for Monday at four, then.

EXERCISE 4
I won’t be able to make it
1. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box.

Bob: We’re having a meeting Wednesday at four. Can you be there, Sue?
Sue: ______________________________________________.
Bob: Great. How about you, Tom?
Tom: ______________________________________________.
Bob: That’s too bad.
Tom: ______________________________________________.
Bob: Well, how about you, Jan?
Jan: _______________________________________________.
Bob: O.K. But as soon as possible, please.
No, I won’t be able to make it.
Sure I’ll be there.
I might not be able to make it. I’ll have to let you know.
I wish I’d known about the mee ng earlier.

2. Imagine you’re planning an event in the future.

Act out a similar conversation with your classmates.
43

ti

 EXERCISE 5
If I had enough money, I’d buy a house
1. Discuss

a) Where would you go if you could travel to any place in the world?
b) What would you do if you were the president of your country?
c) Who would you call if you had a very difficult situation to deal with?
d) What would you do if you lost your job today?

2. Write down three of your dreams. Tell your classmates what you would do if
they were true.
Example:

I’d love to work less. If I three days a week, I’d …

I’d really like to be famous. If …

3. Choose the first or second conditional form in each sentence, depending on

how likely they are (%).

44

 EXERCISE 6
You’re supposed to be on time everyday
1. ! Listen and practice.

Marta: Guess what! I just got invited to my

teacher’s house for dinner.
Karen: Oh, how nice!
Marta: Yes, but what do you do here when you’re
invited to someone’s house?
Karen: Well, it’s the custom to bring a small gift.
Marta: Really? Like what?
Karen: Oh, maybe some flowers or chocolates.
Marta: And is it all right to bring a friend along?
Karen: Well, if you want to bring someone, you’re
expected to call first and ask if it’s OK.

2. Grammar focus. Expectations.

When you visit someone, it’s the custom to bring a small gift.
you aren’t supposed to arrive early.

If you want to bring someone, you’re expected to call first and ask.
you’re supposed to check with the host.
it’s not acceptable to arrive without calling first.

3. Match information in columns A and B to make sentences about customs

in the United States and Canada. Then compare with a partner.

A B

1. If you plan to visit someone at home, a. you’re supposed to call first.

2. If you’ve been to a friend’s home for dinner, b. you’re expected to leave a tip.
3. When you have been invited to a wedding, c. you aren’t supposed to kiss him or her.
4. When you go out on a date, d. you’re expected to respond in writing.
5. If the service in a restaurant is good, e. it’s the custom to call and thank him or her.
6. When you meet someone for the first time, f. it’s acceptable to share the expenses.

45

 4. Complete these sentences with information about your country

or a country you know well. Then compare with a partner.

a. In ____________, if people invite you to their home, ______________________________

b. When you go out with friends for dinner, ________________________________________
c. If a friend gets engaged to be married, __________________________________________
d. When a relative has a birthday, ________________________________________________
e. If a friend is in the hospital, ___________________________________________________

5. ! Listen to people describe customs they observed abroad.

Complete the chart.

Where was the person? What was the custom? How did the person react?

Alice

John

Susan

46

 EXERCISE 7
Tears in heaven

Listen!

1. Fill in the gaps with the correct word in the box.

name beyond strong hold belong there'll

saw help same heaven don’t can't would

Would you know my ____________ (instrumental)

if I saw you in heaven?
____________ it be the same ______________ the door
if I _________ you in heaven? there's peace I'm sure.
I must be___________, and carry on and I know _____________ be no more...
‘cause I know I __________ belong tears in heaven
here in ______________
Would you know my name
Would you ___________ my hand if I saw you in heaven?
if I saw you in heaven? Would it be the _______________
Would you ____________ me stand if I saw you in heaven?
if I saw you in heaven? I must be strong, and carry on
I'll find my way, through night and day ‘cause I know I don't _______________
‘cause I know I just ___________ stay here in heaven
here in heaven ‘cause I know I don't belong
here in heaven
Time can bring you down,
time can bend your knees
Time can break your heart
Have you beggin’ please
beggin’ please 47