Iwcc II Mid 2022 Set - 1

SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi) (Affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu

NH-44, Hampapuram (V), Rapthadu (M)
Anantapuramu (Dist.) – 515722 – ANDHRA PRADESH
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

CONTINUOUS INTERNAL EVALUATION - II – Mid- II – Objective – 2021-22
Name of the Staff: J E SIVA Semester/Section: VI
Course Name: Introduction to Wireless and Course Code: 19A04605a Total Contact Hours: 75
Cellular Communications
Maximum Marks: 30 (rounded to 15) Prerequisites:
Date: Time: 2:40 PM to 4:10 PM Duration : 20 Minutes
NOTE: Answer ALL Questions

Q.No QUESTIONS MARKS BTL CO PO
Explain TDMA, mentioning its salient

5M L1 1 1,2,12
features.
1. OR
Explain MIMO diversity with a neat diagram. 5M L1 1 1,2,12
Compare the multiple access techniques in

terms of modulation, FEC coding, diversity
5M L1 1 1,2,12
system complexity and multiple access
interference (MAI).
2.
OR
Explain multiple inputs and multiple output 5M L1 2 1,2,12

channel capacity.
Explain the IFFT/FFT implementation stages of

OFDM with block diagram. 5M L1 2 1,2,12
3. OR
Explain with a neat block diagram RAKE
5M L1 2 1,2,12
receiver.
IA Coordinator Signature of the Faculty Head of the Department


NOTE: Answer ALL Questions

Q.No QUESTIONS MARKS BTL CO PO
Explain TDMA, mentioning its salient

5M L1 4 1,2,12
features.
1. OR
Explain MIMO diversity with a neat diagram. 5M L1 4 1,2,12
Compare the multiple access techniques in

terms of modulation, FEC coding, diversity
5M L1 4 1,2,12
system complexity and multiple access
interference (MAI).
2.
OR
Explain multiple inputs and multiple output 5M L1 4 1,2,12

channel capacity.
Explain the IFFT/FFT implementation stages of

OFDM with block diagram. 5M L1 2 1,2,12
3. OR
Explain with a neat block diagram RAKE
5M L1 2 1,2,12
receiver.


SCHEME OF EVALUATION:
Q. SCHEME OF EVALUATION MARKS

No.
1 (a) Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems divide the radio spectrum
into time slots, and in each slot only one user is allowed to either transmit or
receive.
5M
-
The features of TDMA include the following:
 TDMA shares a single carrier frequency with several users, where each
user makes use of nonoverlapping time slots.
 Data transmission users of a TDMA system is not continuous, but occurs
in bursts. This results in low battery consumption, since the subscriber
transmitter can be turned off when not in use.
 TDMA uses different time slots for transmission and reception, thus
duplexers are not required.

 Adaptive equalization is usually necessary in TDMA systems, since the
transmission rates are generally very high as compared to FDMA channels.
 In TDMA, the guard time should be minimized.
 High synchronization overhead is required in TDMA systems because of
burst transmissions.
 TDMA has an advantage in that it is possible to allocate different numbers
of time slots per frame to different users.
(OR)
(b) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless communications employ
multiple antennas at the transmitter and the receiver
5M
A schematic of a MIMO system with multiple antennas is shown in Figure.

As MIMO systems have multiple antennas, they can be employed to increase the
reliability of the signal through diversity combining as described in the previous
chapters. This leads to diversity gain and a net decrease in the bit-error rate of the
wireless communication system. In addition, a unique aspect of MIMO wireless
systems is that they enable a several-fold increase in the data rate of the wireless
communication system by transmitting several information streams in parallel.
This is termed spatial multiplexing.
2 (a)
5M
(OR)
(b) In this section, we will begin to explore the Singular Value Decomposition
(SVD) of the MIMO channel matrix H, which is a very important tool to
understand the behavior of a MIMO wireless communication system. Consider 5M
an r × t MIMO channel H with r ≥ t, i.e., number of receive antennas greater than
or equal to the number of transmit antennas. The SVD of the channel matrix H is
given as
where the matrices U, Σ, V, which are r × t, t × t and t × t dimensional respectively,

satisfy
important properties, which we examine next. The columns of the matrix U and V
are unit norm, i.e., we have
Further, the columns of matrix U and V are orthogonal, i.e.,
Thus, the columns of matrices U and V are orthonormal. As a result, the t × t

dimensional square matrix V is unitary, i.e.,
Further, since if r = t, the matrix U is also a unitary matrix. Otherwise, U simply

satisfies the relation UHU = It. Further, the quantities σ1, σ2, . . . , σt are known as
the singular values of the matrix Σ. These singular values are non-negative and
ordered, i.e., each σi ≥ 0 and
σ1 ≥ σ2 ≥ . . . ≥ σt
Finally, an important property of the singular values is that the number of

nonzero singular values is equal to the rank of the matrix H.
3 (a) The OFDM implementation of multicarrier modulation is shown in figure.

The input data stream is modulated by a QAM modulator, resulting in a complex 5M
symbol stream X[0],X[1], . . . ,X[N − 1]. This symbol stream is passed through a
serial-to-parallel converter, whose output is a set of N parallel QAM symbols
X[0], . . . ,X[N −1] corresponding to the symbols transmitted over each of the
subcarriers. Thus, the N symbols output from the serial-to-parallel converter are
the discrete frequency components of the OFDM modulator output s(t). In order
to generate s(t), the frequency components are converted into time samples by
performing an inverse DFT on these N symbols, which is efficiently implemented
using the IFFT algorithm. The IFFT yields the OFDM symbol consisting of the
sequence x[n] = x[0], . . . , x[N −1] of length N, where
This sequence corresponds to samples of the multicarrier signal: the multicarrier

signal consists of linearly modulated subchannels, and the right-hand side of x[n]
equation corresponds to samples of a sum of QAM symbols X[i] each modulated
by the carrier ej2πit/TN, i = 0, . . . ,N−1. The cyclic prefix is then added to the
OFDM symbol, and the resulting time samples
are ordered by the

parallel-to-serial converter and passed through a D/A converter, resulting in the
baseband OFDM signal , which is then upconverted to frequency f0.

The transmitted signal is filtered by the channel impulse response and
corrupted by additive noise, resulting in the received signal r(t). This signal is
downconverted to baseband and filtered to remove the high-frequency
components. The A/D converter samples the resulting signal to obtain y[n] =
˜x[n]*h[n]+ν[n],−μ ≤ n ≤ N −1, where h[n] is the discrete-time equivalent lowpass
impulse response of the channel. The prefix of y[n] consisting of the first μ
samples is then removed. This results in N time samples whose DFT in the
absence of noise is Y [i] = H[i]X[i]. These time samples are serial-to-parallel
converted and passed through an FFT. This results in scaled versions of the
original symbols H[i]X[i], where H[i] = H(fi) is the flat fading channel gain
associated with the i th subchannel. The FFT output is parallel-to-serial converted
and passed through a QAM demodulator to recover the original data.
(b) A Receiver structure that is often used for CDMA systems operating in
multipath environments is the RAKE receiver. It is called a RAKE receiver for two
reasons. One is that most block diagrams of the device resemble a garden rake;
each tin of the rake is one of the fingers. The other reason is that a common
garden rake can illustrate the RAKE receiver’s operation.
The RAKE receiver is made of correlators, also known as RAKE fingers,
each receiving a multipath signal. After despreading by correlators with a local
copy of the appropriately delayed version of the transmitter’s spreading code, the 5M
signals are combined. Since the received multipath signals are fading
independently, this method improves overall signal quality and performance.
In order to study the behavior of RAKE receivers, assume a channel model with
impulse response
where αj is the gain associated with the j th multipath component.

The statistics of the αj have been characterized empirically in for outdoor

wireless channels. With this model, each branch of the RAKE receiver in figure,
synchronizes to a different multipath component and coherently demodulates its
associated signal. A larger J implies a higher receiver complexity but also
increased diversity. Then, the output of the ith branch demodulator is
where sl is the symbol transmitted over symbol time [lTs , (l+1)Ts ] (i.e., the
symbol associated with the LOS path); slj is the symbol transmitted over symbol
time [lTs−jTc, (l+1)Ts−jTc], which we assume to be constant; and nil is the noise
sample associated with the demodulator in the i th branch. If slj is not constant
over [lTs − jTc, (l +1)Ts − jTc] then the ISI is more complicated and involves
partial autocorrelations.

Roll No:
Name of the student Signature of the invigilator

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

The technique that reduces the effect of multipath fading is called _______
1 A Micro diversity B Receiver diversity
C Space diversity D Macro diversity
The beam width of receiver antenna is bounded in directional antenna by ____
2 A Space diversity B Angle diversity
C Time diversity D Polarization diversity
The number of channels N available in a FDMA system is given as, N= _____
A B
3
C D
If the changing rate is greater than symbol rate, the system is called as _____
4 A Slow frequency hopping B Moderate frequency hopping
C Very slow frequency hopping D Fast frequency hopping
A RAKE receiver is employed for _____ the reception capability of CDMA system by gathering
the time delayed versions of the desired signal.
5
A Increasing B Decreasing
C Stabilizing D None
_____ is also known as code division multiple access (CDMA).
6 A Spread spectrum multiple access B Direct sequence multiple access
C Frequency hopped multiple access D Space division multiple access
In OFDM technique, a data stream can be transmitted using _____ converter.
7 A parallel-to-serial B analog-to-digital
C serial-to-parallel D None
The Inter-Symbol-Interference of a multi carrier system is given by the expression ___
8 A B
C D
Roll No:
Name of the student Signature of the invigilator

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

The technique that reduces the effect of multipath fading is called _______
1 A Micro diversity B Receiver diversity
C Space diversity D Macro diversity
The beam width of receiver antenna is bounded in directional antenna by ____
2 A Space diversity B Angle diversity
C Time diversity D Polarization diversity
The number of channels N available in a FDMA system is given as, N= _____
A B
3
C D
If the changing rate is greater than symbol rate, the system is called as _____
4 A Slow frequency hopping B Moderate frequency hopping
C Very slow frequency hopping D Fast frequency hopping
A RAKE receiver is employed for _____ the reception capability of CDMA system by gathering
the time delayed versions of the desired signal.
5
A Increasing B Decreasing
C Stabilizing D None
_____ is also known as code division multiple access (CDMA).
6 A Spread spectrum multiple access B Direct sequence multiple access
C Frequency hopped multiple access D Space division multiple access
In OFDM technique, a data stream can be transmitted using _____ converter.
7 A parallel-to-serial B analog-to-digital
C serial-to-parallel D None
The Inter-Symbol-Interference of a multi carrier system is given by the expression ___
8 A B
C D
The spectral efficiency of multi carrier system is _______ than single carrier system.
9 A Greater B Equal
C Smaller D None
The effect of ________ fading is eliminated by frequency equalization approach.
10 A Frequency selective B Flat
C Relay D Rician
Multi antenna system is also referred as ___________
11 A SISO B MISO
C SIMO D MIMO
In which system all cells uses same carrier frequency?
12 A TDMA B FDMA
C CSMA D CDMA
The signal spectrum is said to be limited to coherence bandwidth if _____
13 A B
C D None
The apparent change in the frequency of the electromagnetic waves due to relative motion of the
transmitter and receiver is known as ________
14
A Flat fading B Doppler shift
C Delay spread D None
Which is not the property of P-N sequence?
15 A Balance B Correlation
C Orthogonal D Run-length
For Non-zero shift, the correlation is _____ P-N sequence.
16 A N B -N
C 1/N D -1/N
If the number of Eigen modes are increased in MIMO channel, then the performance of channel
will ________
17 A Decrease B Increase
C Constant D None
When SVD achieves maximum data rate, the capacity of MIMO channel is ________
18 A Decreases B Increases
C No Change D None
LTE stands for ___________
19 A Large Term Evolution B Large Time Evolution
C Long Term Evolution D None
LTE uses SC-FDMA for uplink transmission to minimize _____________
20 A Fading B Reception rate
C Time synchronization D PAPR

The spectral efficiency of multi carrier system is _______ than single carrier system.
9 A Greater B Equal
C Smaller D None
The effect of ________ fading is eliminated by frequency equalization approach.
10 A Frequency selective B Flat
C Relay D Rician
Multi antenna system is also referred as ___________
11 A SISO B MISO
C SIMO D MIMO
In which system all cells uses same carrier frequency?
12 A TDMA B FDMA
C CSMA D CDMA
The signal spectrum is said to be limited to coherence bandwidth if _____
13 A B
C D None
The apparent change in the frequency of the electromagnetic waves due to relative motion of the
transmitter and receiver is known as ________
14
A Flat fading B Doppler shift
C Delay spread D None
Which is not the property of P-N sequence?
15 A Balance B Correlation
C Orthogonal D Run-length
For Non-zero shift, the correlation is _____ P-N sequence.
16 A N B -N
C 1/N D -1/N
If the number of Eigen modes are increased in MIMO channel, then the performance of channel
will ________
17 A Decrease B Increase
C Constant D None
When SVD achieves maximum data rate, the capacity of MIMO channel is ________
18 A Decreases B Increases
C No Change D None
LTE stands for ___________
19 A Large Term Evolution B Large Time Evolution
C Long Term Evolution D None
LTE uses SC-FDMA for uplink transmission to minimize _____________
20 A Fading B Reception rate
C Time synchronization D PAPR



SCHEME OF EVALUATION:
1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A
6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B
11. C 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C
16. D 17. A 18 B 19 C 20. D

Iwcc II Mid 2022 Set - 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Iwcc II Mid 2022 Set - 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SRI VENKATESWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi) (Affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

NOTE: Answer ALL Questions

Explain TDMA, mentioning its salient

Explain MIMO diversity with a neat diagram. 5M L1 1 1,2,12

Compare the multiple access techniques in

Explain multiple inputs and multiple output 5M L1 2 1,2,12

Explain the IFFT/FFT implementation stages of

IA Coordinator Signature of the Faculty Head of the Department

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

NOTE: Answer ALL Questions

Explain TDMA, mentioning its salient

Explain MIMO diversity with a neat diagram. 5M L1 4 1,2,12

Compare the multiple access techniques in

Explain multiple inputs and multiple output 5M L1 4 1,2,12

Explain the IFFT/FFT implementation stages of

IA Coordinator Signature of the Faculty Head of the Department

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Q. SCHEME OF EVALUATION MARKS

duplexers are not required.

A schematic of a MIMO system with multiple antennas is shown in Figure.

where the matrices U, Σ, V, which are r × t, t × t and t × t dimensional respectively,

Further, the columns of matrix U and V are orthogonal, i.e.,

Thus, the columns of matrices U and V are orthonormal. As a result, the t × t

Further, since if r = t, the matrix U is also a unitary matrix. Otherwise, U simply

Finally, an important property of the singular values is that the number of

3 (a) The OFDM implementation of multicarrier modulation is shown in figure.

This sequence corresponds to samples of the multicarrier signal: the multicarrier

are ordered by the

baseband OFDM signal , which is then upconverted to frequency f0.

where αj is the gain associated with the j th multipath component.

The statistics of the αj have been characterized empirically in for outdoor

IA Coordinator Signature of the Faculty Head of the Department

Name of the student Signature of the invigilator

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

Name of the student Signature of the invigilator

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

IA Coordinator Signature of the Faculty Head of the Department

IA Coordinator Signature of the Faculty Head of the Department

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Name of the Staff: J E SIVA Semester/Section: VI

11. C 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C

16. D 17. A 18 B 19 C 20. D

IA Coordinator Signature of the Faculty Head of the Department

You might also like